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Success of the reconstruction period
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Kade Leuthauser Kevin Porter Mod. US History March 19, 2017 The black codes were originally just a group of laws made simply restricting all blacks right. Passes by the southern states they continued from 1865-1866. They suppressed the freedom of the African Americans and blacks in general. They consisted of mainly working for much lower wages and living their whole life in debt The Black Codes were passed in the south to give freed black men and women less rights than a white person. The black codes took part in resulting the African Americans being forced in signing labor contracts for more black people to work. This ultimately re introduced slavery just in another form (like a loophole) in the south. The codes were late eliminated by congress on July 9, 1868 along with the passing of the 14th amendment. Stating that “No State shall make or enforce any law which …show more content…
shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States” and “no state shall deprive any person of life liberty or property” etc. This was a big leap in giving all citizens equal right in America as the laws of voting had not been changed yet. Congress assumed control over the reconstruction policy due to the election of former confederates.
The congress was opposing those who disassembled the union to be in congress. Making the election of confederate candidates remain ofter at the time.This made the reconstruction for equality slower when the south would show anger towards north's changes. Ultimately leading to the black codes being released by those confederates in command. President Johnson’s thoughts and opinions being a “racist” or just pro slave played a huge role in the congress's assumption over the reconstruction. Johnson would always prioritize him helping the white people over the blacks, and of course had no intention of ending slavery having own them himself. The given and many more are reason of way assuming control of the reconstruction policy was prioritized over President Johnson himself. It was all a extremely important time that was needed for the north and south to more or less re-unite. Just like so many other events the era of the reconstruction was one of the vital puzzle pieces in making America what it is
today. Works Cited Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. "Black Code Definition:." Black Code Definition. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. "Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. Kennedy, David M., and Lizabeth Cohen. The American Pageant: A History of the American People. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2013. Print. Lamerica. "Chapter 22." Chapter 22 Flashcards. N.p., 01 Jan. 2016. Web. 23 Oct. 2016. "Reconstruction." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, n.d. Web. 23 Oct. 2016.
The Black Codes were legal statutes and constitutional amendments enacted by the ex Confederate states following the Civil War that sought to restrict the liberties of newly free slaves, to ensure a supply of inexpensive agricultural labor, and maintain a white dominated hierachy. (paragraph 1) In southern states, prior to the Civil War they enacted Slave Codes to regulate the institution of slavery. And northern non-slave holding states enacted laws to limit the black political power and social mobility. (paragraph 2) Black Codes were adopted after the Civil War and borrowed points from the antebellum slave laws as well as laws in the northern states used to regulate free blacks. (paragraph 3) Eventually, the Black Codes were extinguished when Radical Republican Reconstruction efforts began in 1866-67 along with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment and civil rights legislation. The lives of the Black Codes did not have longevity but were significant. (paragraph 3)
After the Civil War, the Radical Republicans had a different view from that of President Andrew Johnson with respect to Reconstruction. Just like Abraham Lincoln, his predecessor who lived barely a year into the Reconstruction before he was assassinated, President Johnson was of the idea that a more lenient and conciliatory approach should be taken in the South which had faced a lot of damage due to the civil war. On the other hand, Radical Republicans were against both Lincoln’s and Johnson’s approaches and policies on reconstruction as they were too lenient. The Radical Republicans approach was more strict and firmer because it wanted the Federal government to exert more control of the South during Reconstruction by ensuring the protection
Slavery in America was a terrible thing, but no one knows about the laws that went along with slavery called slave codes. Slave codes were laws that were designated by each southern slave state (including Delaware even though it is considered a northern state) that were to be followed by slaves and their owners. Slave codes were closely associated with black codes. Black codes were in place for the free black people living in America, which was after the abolishment of slavery in 1865. Slave codes were laws that were inhumane and were in favor of the white slave owners. Slave codes were also the foundation of the Jim Crow laws of the south which furthered the oppression of black people.
The 13th amendment was adopted speedily in the aftermath of the Civil War, with the simple direct purpose of forbidding slavery anywhere in the United States. The 13th Amendment took authority away from the states, so that no state could institute slavery, and it attempted to constitutional grant the natural right of liberty. Think that this amendment would suffice, Congressional Republicans pushed the amendment through. To counter the amendment, a series of laws called the Black Codes were enacted by the former Confederate states, which
Though the issue of slavery was solved, racism continues and Southerners that stayed after the war passed Black Codes which subverted the ideas of freedom including the actions of state legislatures (Hakim 19). Black Codes were a set of laws that discriminated blacks and limited their freedom (Jordan 388). Such restrictions included: “No negro shall be permitted to rent or keep a house within said parish...No public meetings or congregations of negroes shall be allowed within said parish after sunset…” (Louisiana Black Codes 1865). A solution to this was the 14th Amendment. It meant now all people born in America were citizens and it “Prohibited states from revoking one’s life, liberty, or property without due process of law.” This meant all states had to...
Johnson, having grown up in a poor southern household, sympathized with the south yet, abhorred the planter class. In his Reconstruction plan, he issued a blanket pardon to all southerners except important confederate figures who would have to personally meet with the president in order to be forgiven and given citizenship. . Slaves in America had been promised freedom, and through the Emancipation Proclamation, freedom from slavery is technically what they received.... ... middle of paper ... ...
As soon as Johnson was made president he began to disagree with Congress, particularly those Congressional members of his opposing party. Later, he even broke ties with his own party citing the fact that he wouldn’t endorse a new amendment to the Constitution granting blacks the rights of citizenship. Congress did not approve of President Johnson’s plans for Reconstruction. The Wade Davis Plan returned power to the same people who had tried to break the Union by granting them amnesty. The Congress mainly opposed this plan because it contained no provision to protect the free slaves. The Freedman’s Bureau Act was intended to help former slaves to shift from slavery to emancipation and assured them equality before law.
Presidential reconstruction under Andrew Johnson was an attempt to rob blacks of their rights that they had won during the Civil War.
In response to the bill, Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Bill. He claimed that blacks should not be citizens and that Congress was trying to infringe on the States’ rights with the bill. Johnson strongly opposed large aspects of the Reconstruction due to his stubbornness and bigoted tendencies. As an immediate result of the executive action, Congress voted to override the veto and make the Civil Rights Bill law in 1866.
...ights for African Americans as well as a political rights for the people, his goal was to abolish slavery and felt that “all men created equally” should uphold for everybody, everybody that was man at least. Johnson the president, in the beginning proved to be loyal to his radicals by chastising the confederacy making sure there would be repercussions for their actions. Also his amnesty plan to reinstate the south states was far harsher than that of Lincoln's. Johnson’s sanctions deprived confederacy officers, people in high power, and anyone who owned valuable assets could be subject to confiscation. The purpose was to shift political power in south and reward it to freed blacks and white southerners who stayed neutral during the war. Hahn states in his article that, “During reconstruction, black men held political offices in every state of the former confederacy”
As President, Johnson decided to follow Lincolns plans by granting amnesty to almost all former confederates; establishing a Provisional government; and ratifying the thirteenth Amendment to abolish slavery. However, Johnson was not the same man as Lincoln for he was quite unpopular, especially with Congress. As the south was in a transitional period, its politics were changing as well. First, the Reconstruction Act allowed blacks to v...
Imagine yourself wrongly convicted of a crime. You spent years in jail awaiting your release date. It finally comes, and when they let you out, they slap handcuffs around your wrists and tell you every single action you do. In a nutshell, that’s how the Black Code works. The southerners wanted control over the blacks after the Civil War, and states created their own Black Codes. After
After the civil war, newly freed slaves faced many challenges. Whites, especially in the south, regarded blacks as inferior more than ever before. The black codes were just one obstacle the freed slaves had to overcome. They were laws that were passed in the southern states that had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans freedom. These laws made it possible for the south to regain control over the black population in much of the same ways they had before. The black codes effected reconstruction, and even today’s society in many ways.
With the end of the Civil war in 1865, the new nation of the United States now faced challenges on restoring peace within the Union. The North, having won the civil war, now faced the task to implement reconstruction of the South. They came in contact with the questions of: What should happen to the freed slaves, should the freed slaves have rights, what should be done to the Confederate leaders, and how should the South be reconstructed? There were many different ideas and views on how Reconstruction should be handled, but only one succeeded more successfully than the other. Although they bear some superficial similarities, the difference between presidential and congressional reconstruction are clear. The president believed that Confederate
Black Codes (1865-1866) were state laws passed to regulate the lives of formerly enslaved people to keep power from them and aimed to reinstitute slavery in all but name.