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Preparing for having a baby
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Birth: The Beginning of Life Birth: a definition For all mammals (with platypuses being the exception), parturition is the beginning of life as we know it. More specifically, birth is the means by which non-human primates and human primates alike begin their experience of the world. I am interested in the significance of childbirth the method by which it is carried out, its implications for the birthing mother, and the way that the birthing process is viewed by different societies. Both birth and the postpartum period involve a certain degree of danger for the birthing mother, her nascent child, and her entire family or community. Because childbirth is so dangerous (the average lifetime risk of dying from pregnancy related causes is about one in fifteen in some poor countries, MacCormack 1), most cultures have distinct patterns that determine how the birthing process will be carried out. The birthing process involves different birthing positions; different rules concerning who is allowed to be present during the time of birth; mechanisms for deciding where birth takes place; and different ways by which mother and child deal with labor, birth and postpartum. "As a life crisis event, birth is everywhere a candidate for consensual shaping and social regulation the particular pattern depending on local history, ecology, social structure, technological development, and the like" (Jordan 4). By exploring the original human condition of childbirth one is able to gain insight into the universal biosocial phenomenon known as the birthing process. In addition, I am interested in studying childbirth because, as women's work, it is usually not given enough attention in the traditionally male-dominated field of anthropology. "Unt... ... middle of paper ... ... Peoples. London: J. Cape, 1971. Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer. The Langurs of Abu: Female and Male Strategies of Reproduction. Cambridge, MA:, Harvard Univ. Press, 1997. Jordan, Brigitte. Birth in Four Cultures: A Cross-cultural Investigation of Childbirth in Yucatan, Holland, Sweden, and the United States. 4th ed. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, 1993. Lawlor, Robert. Voices of the First Day: Awakening in the Aboriginal Dreamtime. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Trad. Ltd., 1991. MacCormack, Carol P., ed. Ethnography of Fertility and Birth. 2nd ed. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, 1994. National Geographic Society. "Among the Wild Chimpanzees." National Geographic Video, 1984. Pinker, Steven. "Why they kill their newborns" New York Times Magazine 11 Feb. 1997: 52-55. Smuts et. al. eds. Primate societies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986.
After reading the book which mentions the maternal and neonatal situation in Mali, one of the poorest countries in the world, is pitiable. (1) Child birth takes place under lantern light, in Mud bricks with profuse sweating without electricity, no running water, no emergency backup. With only the grace of God and the skill of a midwife that child birth takes place in remote villages in the country of Mali, West Africa, having the third highest total fertility
One may notice some characteristics of the author's culture as she puts emphasis on the importance of the period of time a woman goes through during her labor and giving birth to healthy newborn and religion in crediting God.
Women throughout time have been compelled to cope with the remonstrances of motherhood along with society’s anticipations
In the article, “Undulation Training for Development of Hierarchical Fitness and Improved Firefighter Job Performance,” a research was conducted when a critical problem emerged from the extraordinary job risks of firefighting. In this article, it was recognized that firefighting was a high risk occupation in which many activities were life threatening. Yearly incidences brought on from these life-threatening activities and conditions included cardiovascular disease from the inhalation of smoke as well as musculoskeletal injuries from the physical demands of the job. The problem was lying in the fact most fire departments were failing to adequately prepare the firefighters in terms of health and physical fitness to take on the physiologically challenging demands of the job. Now, there are contemporary training methods to boost physical fitness and cardiovascular health in order to make the firefighters “emergency prepared.” However, despite the emphasis on physiological training, previous research had shown that the traditional physical training programs were inadequate to prepare firefighters because it featured systematic physical exercises during specific mesocycles and little variety. In this research, standard resistance training, or standard training control, was compared to and put to the test against undulation training, a method to draw out a specific systematic arrangement of different physiological factors and components in order to accommodate the need for simultaneous development of physical fitness and performance needs. The purpose was to determine the influence of both types of training on muscle adaptation as well as assess how well the trainings transferred over to situations and testing areas that really utilized...
Aboriginal spirituality originally derives from the stories of the dreaming. The dreaming is the knowledge and a sense of belonging that the Aboriginals had of the beginning of life and the relationship to the land and sea (Australian Museum, 2011). The dreaming stories are passed on from one generation to the next orally. These stories teach the following generations how to behave towards the land and other people. The dreaming stories give them a sense of duty to protect the land and appreciate it because the dreamtime stories indicate that the spirits have not died but are still alive in different forms as animals or humans, therefore the ancestor’s power is still felt through the landforms (Clark, 1963), (Australian Governement, 2008)
1Thomas Dew. “The Proslavery Argument, 1832.” Exploring American Histories: A Brief Survey with Sources. Volume 1: To 1877. ed. Nancy A. Hewitt and Steven F. Lawson. (Boston, Bedford St. Martin’s, 2013), page 305.
...e are often convinced that the way we do things is right and any deviation is wrong. For me this article reminded me that not everyone, every culture deals with things in the same way. For these women and their children this was/is a survival mechanism, to protect the women’s sanity/emotions and at the same time allow the birthing and parenting process to continue. Children are born “without traditional protection of breast feeding,”fresh produce, “stable marriages and adult caretakers,” where “single parenting is the norm, and women are frequently forced into the shadow economy…”. Born into an environment of food shortages, poor education, “political and economic chaos”. Such an environment makes it extremely difficult to successfully raise a child and given the infant mortality rate, the mothers must find a survival skill or coping strategy to survive.
Human trafficking is a modern form of slavery, in which individuals are being exploited for profit. When most of us hear human trafficking, we instantly conclude that a person is being held against their will to perform sexual acts and someone is profiting. In reality, there is also labor trafficking, where an individual is forced and threatened by employers to work against their will. There is an immense amount of victims of human trafficking not only in the United States, but also globally. Bringing awareness to communities is vital to help individuals who are victims of human trafficking to seek help, but also allow those to help rescue victims. By doing so, it is key to provide information on the rates of human trafficking, recruitment,
Tang, T., & Hammontree, M. L. (1992). The Effects Of Hardiness, Police Stress, And Life Stress On Police Officers' Illness And Life Stress on Police Officers’ Illness and Absenteeism. Public Personnel Management, 21(4), 493.
“The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the nation’s benchmark civil legislation, and it continues to resonate in America. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.”
Poster, E. (1984). Human Responses to Child Bearing. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 6(3), 99. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.
In 1971 gandhi 's successful message of satyagraha was spread throughout India because of his "education and spirituality"("Mohandas Gandhi"). Gandhi had studied law in England. When he returns to India in 1891 to practice law, he was not successful. He was offered in 1893 to practice in the South African province of Natal. One day he was forced out of his seat in the train even though he had a first class ticket, which shocked him and he brought attention of injustice toward Indians by writing in the newspaper. Later, when the bitter religious strife between Hindus and Muslims which had already created more than 10 million refugees, led Gandhi to commence a fast unto death in January 1948 to "protest the bloodshed"("Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi"). This act of Gandhi was inspired towards the people. He did this fasting because he didn’t want Muslims and Hindus to fight among each other. He saw the real oppressor was the British. The people of India, which hindus and muslims were living, were brothers and sisters. He never stops fighting for the civil rights of his people until he was shot three times close
Police Brutality has been a widely ignored issue since the United States of America was created. Two major elements that play into police brutality is racial discrimination and the belligerent desire to misuse their power. The effects from this issue involves the loss of trust and the increase of fear towards the police force who have disregarded their obligation as protectors. Demilitarization of the police force should be a priority; the amount of weaponry supplied to them encourages the use violence as a solution to stressful situations where they do not know how to react. Periodical psychological testing could prevent mentally ill, racist or power hungry people from joining the police force and endangering the lives of the innocent in
Any progress in physical fitness can help boost your capacity when working as well as the ability to respond effectively in an emergency situation.
Mahatma was born Mohandas K. Gandhi in 1869 in Porbandar, India. He lived there until 1888, when he left to study law at University College in London. In 1891, after having been admitted to the British bar, Gandhi returned to India and attempted to practice law in Bombay with little success. Two years later an Indian firm with interests in South Africa hired him as a legal advisor in its office in Durban. This changed his life.