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Charles Darwin's theory of evolution
Effects of science on religion
Effects of science on religion
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Recommended: Charles Darwin's theory of evolution
Traditionally creationism has roots in many religions. There are various forms of creationism in many cultures. One of the most popular tenets in cultures around the world are variation of pair of male and female that parent the entire earth of humans. They indicate generally that there is first cause of humans and animals, usually as a result of an omnipotent being. The Christian version of creationism, that preach God as the sole creator of everything, and that everything that we see today, are as they were when originally made. This view of the world has been perpetuated for many years by the Christian churches. However, science has become the most imposing threat on these beliefs. Specifically, the Darwinian theories of evolution, with its concise, iconoclastic, logic, devastated the simplistic creationism.
The Darwinian theories were never complex in theory, and somewhat intuitive. His theory of evolution was derived after voyaging on the HMS Beagle 1831 through 1836. The study of specimens from the voyage convinced Darwin that modern species had evolved from a few earlier ones. He documented the evidence and first presented his theories on evolution to a meeting of scientists in 1858. In most cases, according to Darwin, no two members of any species are exactly alike. Each organism has an individual combination of traits, and most of these traits are inherited. Darwin pointed out that gardeners and farmers commonly developed special kinds of plants and animals by selecting and breeding organisms that had desired traits. He believed that a similar kind of selective process took place in nature. Darwin called this process natural selection, or the survival of the fittest. He showed that living things commonly prod...
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...fs, so too are the scientists. The same logistics used by an evolutionary theory, can also easily turned against it. If something preceded something else in all cases, then what exactly was the first cause? That paradoxical conflict is one that we would have the most to gain in resolving, but in the meantime leaves room for the coexistence of metaphysics and science.
Pun, Pattle P., Evolution : nature and Scripture in conflict? 1st ed. Grand Rapids : Zondervan, 1982.
Bowdem, Matt C., The rise of the evolution fraud : and exposure of its roots. 1st ed. San Diego : Creation – Life Publishers, 1982.
Allen, Leslie H., Bryan and Darrow at Dayton; the record and documents of the "Bible-evolution trial,". 2nd ed. New York: Russell & Russell, 1967.
Spanner, Derek C., Biblical creation and the theory of evolution. 1st ed. Spanner. Exeter: Paternoster, 1987.
Zhao, Buyun. "Charles Darwin & Evolution." Charles Darwin & Evolution. Christ's College, 2009. Web. 04 May 2014.
One Long Argument: Charles Darwin and the Genesis or Modern Evolutionary Thought. Ernst Mayr. Harvard University Press, 1993.
“Today in Dayton, they are selling more books on evolution than any other kind and the bookshops in Chattanooga and other cities of the state are hardly able to supply the demand for works on evolution. The trial has at least started people to thinking.” (Lienesch, 2007, p. 168)
Bowler, Peter J. Evolution: The History of an Idea. London: University of California Press, 1989.
Darwin did not come up with his theory out of nowhere. Like anyone else who has made discoveries, he was influenced by others. For quite a long time before Darwin, people didn't look beyond the Biblical creation story. Such things as fossils, primitive stone tools and visible layers in rock were said to have been placed on earth by God. There wasn't a great deal of work done on what we now call evolution, until the age of exploration began. Around that time people noticed that there were different types of humans in different parts of the world. There were several attempts to classify the various types of humans, but such classifications were generally extremely ethnocentric, and included ideas that have been proved incorrect. For a time people believed that creatures like Dr. Moreau's Beast People could and did exist in the world; explorers told fantastic tales of humans with the heads of dogs, or mermaids, or islands populated by only humans of only one gender. In the seventeenth century John Ray coined the term "species," but he believed that none of the species had changed since the day of creation. Linnaeus, who invented the system of binomial nomenclature used today to classify different species, was also a creationist.
Ever since science began to explain the previously unexplainable, it has caused conflicts with religion. The Scopes “Monkey” Trial of Dayton, Tennessee was one of the most talked about trials in history because it was one of the first and most publicized times that this conflict occurred. The trial showed the schism between the faithful fundamentalists and the newly formed group of evolutionists. Although the jury was reminded that they only had to decide if Scopes had broken the law, the verdict was seen as much more than that. For one of the first times in history, it seemed as if the jury had to choose either religion or evolution. For the time being, there could not be both. The Scopes “Monkey” Trial revealed the ongoing conflict with faith and science and set a precedent for decades of conflict to come.
Lennox, James. "Darwinism." Stanford University. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition). , 13 Aug. 2004. Web. 12 May 2014.
"Introduction to Creationism Versus Evolution: At Issue." Creationism vs. Evolution. Ed. Eric Braun. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2005. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 18 May. 2014.
Berra, Tim M. Evolution and the Myth of Creationism: A Basic Guide to the Facts in the
7. Gould, Stephen Jay. (1997) "Darwinian Fundamentalism." The New York Review of Books. Volume 44, Number 10. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1151
His theory of evolution is “Widely held notion that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor: the birds, bananas, the fish and the flowers—all related. Darwin’s general theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic (undirected) descent with modification”. That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors, naturally over time. In a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organism’s genetic code, the beneficial mutations are preserved because they aid survival—a process known as “natural section”. These beneficial mutations are passed on to the next generation. “ Over time, beneficial mutations accumulate and the result is an entirely different organism (not just a variation of the original, but an entirely different
In the history of science vs. religion there have been no issues more intensely debated than evolution vs. creationism. The issue is passionately debated since the majority of evidence is in favor of evolution, but the creation point of view can never be proved wrong because of religious belief. Human creation breaks down into three simple beliefs; creation theory, naturalistic evolution theory, and theistic evolution theory. The complexities of all three sides create a dilemma for what theory to support among all people, religious and non-religious.
Klin, Candyce. “Darwinism as A Cultural Issue” Cedar Crest College, 2 June 2001. Web. 17
DeWolf, David K. "Evolution and Dissent - The Boston Globe." Boston.com. 11 June 2007. Web. 12 May 2010. .
Wiester, John L. 1993. The Real Meaning of Evolution. Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 45 (3): 182-86.