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Women's jobs during World War One
World War 2 affecting American society
Women's jobs during World War One
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Following the end of the Second World War and the return of the troops from abroad, many of the young men got jobs in corporate America, married and started to have children. They found themselves tired of the noise, grime, and danger they saw as defining aspects of urban living, but still wanting to enjoy the convenience and culture. The new families began to move to the suburbs in a mass exodus from urban centers. There, they could send their children to good schools, surround themselves with other parents, involved themselves in the children’s upraising, but also feel safe letting them play alone. However, none of these were the defining factors of the suburbs. Suburbia does not call to mind images of education, or playgrounds, or cocktail …show more content…
She thinks they limit the options available to women. Even in her criticisms of the suburbs, and the pressure placed on women living within them, Friedan does not allow or offer the women any sort of independence or escape from the sameness of suburbia. When beginning to speak of the problem faced by housewives, Friedan claims that each woman suffers with it constantly and alone (300). The root of the problem, according to Friedan, is the pressure that all housewives are under to feel fully fulfilled, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually by only the housework and elementary activities available to them. This expectation is placed on all women, and Friedan assumes that every woman in the suburbs is buckling under this pressure. Friedan speaks of more and more woman priding themselves on this new profession, and proudly writing housewife on the census as their occupation (300). Per Friedan the housewives then began to feel uneasy and empty about themselves. The women of the suburbs are afraid to speak of ‘the problem’. They are concerned that acknowledging a lack of fulfillment, a lack of happiness, could lead to judgement from other women, from their friends and family members. Friedan claims that when women finally do gather and one admits that she struggles with ‘the problem’ every woman involved feels relieved that they are not the only one coping with the issue (300). Friedan does acknowledge the dullness of the suburbs themselves, she refers to the “ugly and endless sprawls which are becoming a national problem”, Friedan attempts to utilize the sameness of suburbia to as an aspect of the oppression holding women back (301). Friedan than states that since nearly every woman in the suburb has a higher education level than women living in rural or urban communities, and then states that all the suburban women are wasting their privilege and their education (301). Even though Friedan is attempting to empower women to look
Several works we have read thus far have criticized the prosperity of American suburbia. Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums, Philip Roth's Goodbye, Columbus, and an excerpt from Lawrence Ferlinghetti's poem "A Coney Island of the Mind" all pass judgement on the denizens of the middle-class and the materialism in which they surround themselves. However, each work does not make the same analysis, as the stories are told from different viewpoints.
In the passage “The Heartland and the Rural Youth Exodus”, the authors Carr and Kefalas both describe the different changes that happen to the youth. They depict the issues that arise when the youth leaves in search of bigger things that are outside of the small towns. Throughout the article, the issues of change in small towns is addressed and emphasized as a catastrophe for the future of these towns. The talk about the youth and towns fading away is not the only thing one thinks about when reading this article. The youth are not the only people being affected; the older generation parents of the youth are having to face the biggest change because they have the option of leaving or staying. This change can
Herbert Gans piece on the mass production of suburban styled homes like Levittown with its homes on the outskirts of the city and mixed land uses closer within the core “ analyzes the suburbs and makes it evident that they are not a utopia” no matter the societal segregation they represent (Herbert Gans). These areas have their burdens resulting in physical and social isolation, no access to transportation, the start of gender roles, and inadequate decision making. In comparison, Pleasantville was a society of segregation due to the land constraints and urban planning of the society. Its visible that there is an increase in segregation between the suburban population and inner city. The higher class living in the suburbs would remain in that area unless it was for work. This is evident when Mrs. Parker goes to visit Mr. Johnson just through expressions its clear to the audience that they have not seen each other in years. Moreover, Pleasantville was an automobile dependent society. This reliance on a vehicle to take you from one place to another ultimately led to the mentality of gender roles. This sprung the idea that women should stay home and be housewives and the man would go off to work. “Honey, I’m home” was a line over used in the film outlining that these gender roles were dominant at the time. We do see a shift in this mentality by the end of the film when Mr. Parker comes home she makes it very clear to him that dinner is not prepared and shows him how to turn on the stove for his meal to cook that night. She then leaves the scene which shows a clear line that these roles have diminished in her
Small towns, quaint and charming, ideally picturesque for a small family to grow up in with a white picket fence paired up with the mother, father and the 2.5 children. What happens when that serene local town, exuberantly bustling with business, progressively loses the aspects that kept it alive? The youth, boisterous and effervescent, grew up surrounded by the local businesses, schools and practices, but as the years wear on, living in that small town years down the road slowly grew to be less appealing. In The Heartland and the Rural Youth Exodus by Patrick J. Carr and Maria Kefalas equally argue that “small towns play an unwitting part in their own decline (Carr and Kefalas 33) when they forget to remember the “untapped resource of the
After the end of World War II, the United States went through many changes. Most of the changes were for the better, but some had an adverse effect on certain population centers. Many programs, agencies and policies were created to transform American society and government. One of the greatest transformations to American society was the mass migration of families from the inner cities to the suburbs. This was thought to make for a better quality of life and a stronger nuclear family.
There are various varying emotions and perspectives in association with this subject of suburbanization and women’s role, and this causes inconvenience to answer the above question. It is key however to survey and have a comprehension of this thought of suburbanization before dealing with the proposed question. I will go in detailed explanation of suburbanization for a better understanding of women’s role in it.
As a result, women were stuck at home, usually alone, until their husbands got home. In the story, Jane is at home staring at the wallpaper in her room. The wallpaper’s color is described by Jane as being “repellent, almost revolting” (3) and the pattern is “torturing” and “like a bad dream” (10). The description of the wallpaper represents Jane’s and all women’s thoughts about the ideologies and rules upheld by men prior to the First World War. It is made evident that this wallpaper represents the screen made up of men’s ideologies at the time caging in women. Jane is subconsciously repelled by this screen and represents her discovering continuously figuring out what she wants. Metaphorically, Jane is trapped in that room by a culture established by men. Furthermore, Jane compares the wallpaper’s pattern to bars putting further emphasis on her feelings of being trapped and helpless. Later in the narrative, she catches Jennie staring at the wallpaper’s pattern and then decides to study the pattern and determine what it means herself. Her study of the pattern is representative of her trying to analyze the situation in which she’s in. By studying the pattern, she progressively discovers herself, especially when she sees the woman behind the
Suburban life has always been seen as untouchable, a form of utopic existence. Both Eugenides as well as Oates did an excellent job in distilling this myth and portraying the American dream-esque neighborhood as more of an American fiction. The Lisbon suicides, dictated by monotonous routine and dreary life style, became a representation of the disease that was infecting the country: conformity. Richard’s murder of his mother became the crack in the community’s pristine outer shell of existence; his refusal to become submissive to suburbia came when he sent the last bullet into his mother. Both novels capture negative suburban influence and, in reference to Hunter S. Thompson’s theory of the “death of the American dream,” in direct correlation with both novels, suburban life has become “a monster reincarnation of Horatio Algers American dream.”
Spigel, Lynn. 2001 Welcome to the dreamhouse : popular media and postwar suburbs / Lynn Spigel Duke University Press, Durham, N.C. :
Throughout the book, many of the wives note how they wish that they were able to pursue their goals and dreams, but were unable to due to the fact that they had responsibilities as a wife. I think that by putting themselves in a position where they could be viewed as undeserving upper class members who did not work, it not created a dependency to their husbands financially, it portrayed them as women incapable of supporting themselves or their desires in life. “Upper-class women, like other women, experience dissatisfaction with their role as wives–with its expected mode of accommodation, unequal voice in family decisions, and sole responsibility for home and family”
The End of the Suburbs by Leigh Gallagher is an easy and entertaining read that illustrates the U.S. housing trends from the suburban sprawl to the renewal of urban cities. Gallagher does a great job using history, economics and personal experience to explain how our country has developed and more importantly, what's coming next; and I myself, as a millennial, think that she is spot on.
Adrienne Rich’s Snapshot of a Daughter-in-law and Don DeLillo’s End Zone use negative diction and imagery to describe their thoughts on feminism and postmodernism. Rich uses negative diction and imagery to describe a woman who has adapted to the world’s opinion of what a woman should be and what women should do in the home. DeLillo uses negative diction to describe Myna after she conforms to beauty of the day. Rich brings in ideas of how domestic chores create a burden on women physically and emotionally. DeLillo also uses Myna to describe what he thinks about the world’s view on beauty and notions for women. If women are told that they are only worth what they look like and what they do and not what they think, nothing will ever truly change.
Many women in modern society make life altering decisions on a daily basis. Women today have prestigious and powerful careers unlike in earlier eras. It is more common for women to be full time employees than homemakers. In 1879, when Henrik Ibsen wrote A Doll's House, there was great controversy over the out come of the play. Nora’s walking out on her husband and children was appalling to many audiences centuries ago. Divorce was unspoken, and a very uncommon occurrence. As years go by, society’s opinions on family situations change. No longer do women have a “housewife” reputation to live by and there are all types of family situations. After many years of emotional neglect, and overwhelming control, Nora finds herself leaving her family. Today, it could be said that Nora’s decision is very rational and well overdue.
The feminine mystique comes from the dissatisfaction of women’s new role in society, the happy housewife. Who’s biggest worries were getting the kids to school, cleaning the house and having dinner ready to satisfy her husband. These housewives are trapped at home and are told to not go out and pursue a career or higher education but to stay in the home because it is their responsibility. It is the responsibility of the tired mother to make sure that the home is functioning and to make sure the economy is running. A woman is expected to keep up with the latest trends in fashion to look beautiful for her husband, she is expected to know how to cook and clean and make the house look presentable so her neighbors can see how well she is doing. Advertisers take control and manipulate the wants and needs of women to keep them in the home, cooking, cleaning and decorating. If a housewife is unable to do all of these things she is considered a failure by her peers and unable to take care of a home, her one job. So she must work day in and out to make sure she has the best and looks the best. Even though Friedan fails to include the struggles many women who are less fortunate than the white, middle-class housewife, the feminine mystique brought upon a
In the 1930s, Chicago’s School of Urban Sociology sought out to define the characteristics of urban life. According to Louis Wirth in his article, Urbanism as a Way of Life, “…a city may be defined as a relatively large, dense, and permanent settlement of socially heterogeneous individuals” (8). Wirth theorized cities as being defined by three major characteristics: large size, large density, and heterogeneity of individuals. There was a vast amount of different cultures and types of people all living together in the city. Yet the city was still very segregated, especially among socioeconomic class. In Burgess, E.’s The Growth of the City: an Introduction to a Research Project, he talks about the segregation of the residential areas.