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Conformity in our society
Conformity in our society
Conformity in our society
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The Beat poets are known for their rejection of traditional ideals of societal behaviour, making the Beat platform ideal for artists who wish not to conform to common principles in North American culture. Artists such as Leonard Cohen, whose art was deeply influenced by the freedom that the Beat generation offered. Leonard Cohen translates Beat influences in his poetry through the criticism of the conformist ideology that dictated North American society in the mid to late twentieth century. Beat poetry is non-conformist both in the content it offers and the way in which the content is organized in stylistic manner. Free verse, which Cohen is fond of in his poetry, is quite common amongst Beat poets because this device allows for a more open …show more content…
Beat poets actively rejected conformity both in the style of poetry that they used and the content they presented to the reader. Focusing on topics not much discussed before, such as sex, drugs and spirituality, the Beat movement became a platform for non conformist ideology, and for breaking the boundaries of what was considered to be abnormal or deviant. One of the essential topics of discussion in the Beat poetry aesthetic is the exploration of religious cultural understandings in the postmodernist North American society. Although much of the poets who came before the Beat movement distanced themselves from exploration of religious philosophy as much as possible, in an attempt to modernize their art, postmodernist artists such as Ginsberg reverted back to the examination of this topic. This being more of a spiritual return more than conservatism. Beat poetry marked a new wave in spirituality and examination of religious and cultural heritage. This allowed for a new understanding of the way in which society functioned in relation to religious cultural identity. Cohen has focused much of his poetry on the cultural and religious influences of his ancestors. He does this in his poem titled “The Genius”, where he explores stereotypical
For many, poems are thought of as words on a page that rhyme or have different poetic elements. Most do not think of a song when they hear “poem.” Although many think this way, I’ve decided to show that songs are poems and one song in particular. Hallelujah by Leonard Cohen. I'll be explaining that because it has historical allusions, biblical allusions, figurative language, and imagery, it is a great example of a poem. The only difference here is that it has music.
Throughout the words and the lives of the Beat Generation, one theme is apparent: America, everywhere from Allen Ginsberg’s “America,” to Jack Kerouac’s love for Thomas Wolfe. Although the views of America differ, they all find some reason to focus in on this land. Ginsberg, in his poem “America,” makes a point that not many of us can see as obvious: “It occurs to me that I am America. I am talking to myself again.” Each and every one of us make up America, and when we complain about something that is wrong, we are complaining about ourselves. Being raised by his mother as a Communist, and being homosexual, Ginsberg found many things wrong with America, and he does his fare share of complaining, but at the end he decides, “America I’m putting my queer shoulder to the wheel.” Ginsberg didn’t want to sit and watch everything go wrong. He was going to do something, despite the fact that he was not the ideal American.
The bebop revolution coincided with the birth of the Beat Generation. In a slightly unbalanced relationship, Beat writers often molded their poetics and style after the playing of such jazz music. "Jazz writers," such as Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg, upheld their poetic ideals to the techniques of jazz musicians, such as rhythm, improvisation, and call and response. The structure of creative writing underwent a change, as the importance of form equaled that of theme.
with the current state of life in America. This minority consisted of average people looking for something more in their lives than the common American Dream of suburbia and satisfaction, and was centralized primarily in Greenwich Village, New York. "Beats" or "Beatniks", as they were called, became words that took on a near literal meaning. In Allen Ginsberg's Deliberate Prose, it is stated that " the original street usage meant exhausted, at the bottom of the world, looking up or out, sleeplessness, wide-eyed, perceptive" (Ginsberg 237), or beat. It was the Beat philosophy to question and criticize life than merely be content with it. Allen Ginsberg once again expresses beautifully what it meant to be part of the 1950s counter-culture by saying "It's weird enough to be in this human form so temporarily, without huge gangs of people, whole societies, trying to pretend that t...
Therefore, when Michaels considers poetry, he states that it necessarily must “occupy. the place not only of a modern but also of a distinctively American aesthetic” (76), and thus “insofar as the point of the poem is to be itself. and insofar as the self [that] the poem must be is American. the material poetic of embodiment [becomes] matched by the desire to embody America” (76). Consequently, Michaels insists that the “conditions of identity in poetry are the same as the conditions of identity in nationality” (165), and therefore poetry, and American modernist literature in general, effectively and uniquely conveys the identitarianism “that constitutes in nativism the very meaning of nationality” (83).
Leonard Cohen’s life has been a bohemian enigma of a ravenous lover, the “poet laureate of pessimism” who is not afraid to color the world with reality and present his painting as it is: naked and true (Nadel 1). The depth of his voice accompanying his “music to slit your wrists by” makes his unbearable charm of a Byronic hero all the more appealing (Nadel 1). And what is it that heroes always lament about? A fair lady.
The Beat Generation was not only a literary movement, but a cultural movement. It promoted expression, experimentation and finding yourself as an individual. In an era that exemplified compliance and placed a copious amount of pressure to obey social norms, the Beat Generation was a beacon of light for
From the Renaissance to Postmodernism, many writers have experimented and challenged the form, style, and content of both poetry and prose. A majority of these writers can be grouped into a certain period that influenced or highlighted their work. These past writers were inspired by the world around them whether it was societal changes or their personal lives. When similar styles of writing occur from multiple writers during a time, that time becomes known as a period such as the Romantic Period or the Modern Period. Along with periods there are two other classifications. These are known as writing movements or writing groups. The difference between a movement and a group is that a movement is a trend within a period and a group is a circle of writers who go beyond what the movement or period is doing. None of these classifications occur on their own. There is always something that the period, movement, or group is in response to. One of the most influential past groups is known as the Beat Generation. This group of writers, also known as beatniks, became present in the literary community from the late 1940s to the 1960s. Although the group was small and their time in the spotlight was shorter than that of many other movements or periods these writers brought a very different perspective to the Modern and Postmodern periods with their anti-intellectual, anti-establishment, and anti-political views. The literature of the 1950s and 1960s was greatly impacted by the Beat Generation's response to World War II and their lifestyle.
During the 1950’s, a group of young American writers began to openly oppose societal norms in favor of other radical beliefs. These writers believed in ideas such as spiritual and sexual liberation, decriminalization of drugs, and opposition to industrialism as well as consumerism (Parkins). Over time, these writers became known as the Beat Generation and created the Beat Movement. Among the members of this rebellious group was the infamous Allen Ginsberg, who is considerably one of the most influential poets of his time. By utilizing tools like imagery, allusions, and symbols, Allen Ginsberg’s “A Supermarket in California” discusses themes such as consumerism, sexuality, and alienation, which reflect Ginsberg’s personal beliefs and desire for change.
To answer the question from the beginning, we don’t know who Leonard Cohen really was and this is why Cohen is such a talented and amazing songwriter because he was able to keep his true self a secret from the media for over 50 years. Cohen’s personas and the mystery surrounding him made him into someone that people wanted to know and understand, which is why he continued to write songs from the perspectives of different personas rather than base his songs off of his own personal
It sparked an interest in people and encouraged uniqueness and the idea of being open to new experiences. The Beat Generation stimulated the minds of Americans, inspiring people to think beyond the nation's conformity. This cultural phenomena pushed people to their limits and outside their comfort zones to create literary and musical masterpieces that would later change the world by expanding the boundaries of free speech. Firstly, the poets of the Beat Generation were the geniuses behind the success of the movement.
The Beats were defiant, free, and unattached. They believed poetry didn’t have to follow rhyme and meter to have meaning. They believed in throwing out the general rules of literature. They were a “generation of crazy, illuminated hipsters suddenly rising and roaming America” (Kerouac 13), who wrote their own style of literature while on their bohemian travels. The Beats were the founders of the American counterculture
With challenging the established literary framework, the movement made high quality literature more widely available. Beat poetry has a very straightforward personal dimension, similar to the characteristics of folk poetry, although this straightforward sense often turned into explicit wording in the case of Beat poems. There is also a communal sense of Beat literature with the aim of reaching people and calling their attention to serious contemporary issues connected to racism, inhuman political decisions, and various disturbing current affairs. Beat poems’ tone is wavering between disillusionment and passion, their aim was “to take poetry out of the classrooms and bring it back to the streets” (Theado 748). By doing so, poets supported any kind of
The Beat generation was a subculture of upheaval and a unique literary rebellion against the society at large. The members of this movement presented their ideals through new approaches to classic literature. Those who participated in the Beat Generation shared many of the same ideals often overlapping in thought and progressive activity. Howl acts as an encyclopedia for beat ideals. The poem set the standard for many, revealing subconscious ideas that most hadn’t confronted.
Sociological criticism emphasizes the political, economic, and cultural aspects of literature, and one of its main focuses is evaluating writing from a Marxist perspective, which examines the writing in mostly political and economic fashion, including ideas such as communism and social inequality. The idea of class oppression is clearly represented in many of William Blake’s writings. Blake’s opposition to the exploitation of the proletariat by the capitalists is obvious in many of his poems. Blake’s ideology of an equalitarian society could be described in the sayings of Karl Marx. Marxist criticism explains the reasons behind Blake’s anger towards social inequality. Poems like “The Chimney Sweeper” and “London” illustrate Blake’s despairing sadness towards the phenomena produced by the unjust inequality in 18th century England. In “The Chimney Sweeper,” Blake expresses his anger at the late 18th and 19th century's use of child labor in urban England. In “London,” Blake illustrates the depressing class oppression that could be easily seen through the streets of London.