Through the movie Batman: Beginnings, there are two theories that explain the context of the crime, such as: Cultural Theory of Crime and Deviance, also the Disorganization Theory. Firstly, the movie presents the world of Gotham City, urban environment similar in many ways to that found in many modern, American cities. Gotham has many social problems and is filled with the same deviant and criminal activity that often are present in every city. In Gotham the crime is high, also the police are corrupted also there are different culture and rules in the city that lead to deviant culture. But there is Batman that fight over time in a war between justice also the crime. According to Lanier, Henry, & Anastasia, the Cultural theory of crime and …show more content…
When social disorganization manifests, communities deteriorate, and residents become frightened to leave their homes in fear of potential victimization (2014). In Gotham City, it is clear that social disorganization as begun and has become widespread throughout the city. Social disorganization, much like that found in Gotham city, can produce social strain among its inhabitants. Social disorganization theory and cultural deviance theory, believed that immigrant groups relocating to more desirable neighborhoods discovered high delinquency rates persisted in certain Chicago neighborhoods for long periods of time in spite of changes in the ethnic and cultural composition of these neighborhoods (Lanier, Henry, & Anastasia, 2014). Lanier, Henry, & Anastasia mention in these areas people are marginalized because their law income and the unemployment always goes up, the dominant culture marginalized the minority in the group, and this neighborhood are like to commit a high rate of crime because lack of opportunity
Shaw, C. R., & McKay, H. D. (1969). Juvenile Delinquency and Urban Areas (Revised ed.). University of Chicago Press.
Throughout the article “The Code of the Streets,” Elijah Anderson explains the differences between “decent” and “street” people that can be applied to the approaches of social control, labeling, and social conflict theories when talking about the violence among inner cities due to cultural adaptations.
Burglaries, robberies, and shootings, all of which may leave victims or innocent bystanders severely hurt or dead, are now frequent enough to concern all urban and many suburban residents. Living in a dangerous environment places young people at risk of falling victim to such malicious and aggressive behavior observed and learned from others. Social institution such as education, family, religion, peer groups, etc., play a major role in the influence of crime in the urban neighborhoods that Anderson describes. As said in the essay, "although almost everyone in poor inner-...
The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with an insight into the Super Hero Series Batman. This crime fighter originally appeared in Detective Comics issue #27 in 1939. It later became a comic book series, a TV series and a movie series. The character Batman is second only to Superman as a Super Hero. Amazingly Batman has no super powers, but he does have a lot of neat crime fighting gadgets. In this paper, we will explore the creation of Batman, his supporting cast of characters both good and bad and the gadgets he used.
Bruce Wayne, Batman’s secret identity, is an American billionaire, playboy, philanthropist, and owner of Wayne Enterprises. Batman is one of the most well-known and well-liked superheroes of all time probably because of all of the comics, TV shows, movies and video games with him in it. Many are interested in Batman mainly because he is human, has no super powers and no special abilities just like a normal person but continues in many super human things using his gadgets, a body suit and a brilliant mind. Not only are these some of the differences between him and some other super heroes but he wants to see justice served and to defeat his enemies because he focuses on what is right and what is wrong. Batman has starred in about fourteen films both as a starring character and as an ensemble character beginning in 1943 and the latest in 2012 with two more coming in 2016 and 2017. Having earned a total of U.S. $1,900,844,295, the Batman series is the fifth-highest-grossing film series in North America. The first full-length movie of batman made in 1989 shows that to overcome great diversity one must step out of the bounds of what is socially and morally acceptable though the characterization of Batman, the contrast between
The movie The Boondock Saints provides an excellent example of positive deviance through innovation. The Social theory of deviance can easily explain the brothers’ actions. The movie can be used to study deviance as the brothers kill people who are mafia members, breaking the norms of society. Even though the acts they are committing are clearly illegal and deviant, the people of South Boston do not react in a negative way. Since the Social theory is very broad, it will be easier to look at the brother’s acts under three sub theories: Labeling, Conflict and Strain theories.
This essay will explore some of the theories commonly observed in criminology in relation to the 2005 hit movie Batman Begins. I chose a batman movie as they’re usually about lucrative criminals and batman himself is a notable criminologist. Batman and his “rogue gallery” as they are often called, also “super criminals” display similar behavior to what we see in the real worlds normal criminals.
The authors analyzed data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), dividing the communities into neighborhood clusters (NCs) based on census indicators and geographical continuity. The residents were interviewed in their homes as part of the community survey and their responses were categorized into indicators and measures such as concentrated disadvantage, immigrant concentration, residential stability, social cohesion and trust, and informal social control (the latter two combined to form ‘collective efficacy’). Multilevel statistical models were then created with these and several other predictor variables. The primary results found here were that collective efficacy, defined as “social cohesion among neighbors combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good”, was negatively associated with violence and acted as a mediator between the association of concentrated disadvantage and residential instability, with violence. Even with the stated limitations that the analysis was cross-sectional and no causal relationship was proven, the simple message that comes forth from this study is that there is less likelihood of violence and crime in neighborhoods where the residents have better social ...
James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling were not the first researchers to point out the damaging effects that disorder, such as run-down buildings and graffiti, had on communities. They were, however, the first to accuse disorder of actually encouraging crime. (Gau & Pratt, 2010) The researchers were set on improving the minor problems in communities. Researchers dubbed these irritants “incivilities” or “disorder” and proposed that vandalism, graffiti, prostitution, aggressive panhandling and other socially undesirable conditions were the real causes behind people’s fear of crime. By doing so, Wilson and Kelling believed the appearance of the communities would greatly improve, decreasing the citizen’s fear of crime. Citizens would begin to take pride in their community and feel comfortable enough to just walk the streets. (2011, 106)
This location-based theory may also explain the rise in incarceration rates for second and third generation children of immigrants as well: they begin to identify with the culture of the neighborhoods in which they were raised, rather than with the sphere of the recent-immigrant community as did their parents.
Cloward and Ohlin Differential Opportunity theory merged ideas from Merton’s Strain theory and the Robert Merton’s strain theory and the Chicago school on how criminal behavior is learned through cultural transmission (Lilly et al.2010). The Chicago school was based off Edwin Sutherland’s Differential Association theory and the research from the Chicago school played a immense role for these two theorists to understand criminal behavior and develop their own theory. Robert Merton’s Strain theory solely focuses on the American Dream and the failure to achieve economic success, in particular his research looked at the social structure barriers for the lower class (Bernburg 2002).
Therefore, the community has informal social control, or the connection between social organization and crime. Some of the helpful factors to a community can be informal surveillance, movement-governing rules, and direct intervention. They also contain unity, structure, and integration. All of these qualities are proven to improve crime rate. Socially disorganized communities lack those qualities. According to our lecture, “characteristics such as poverty, residential mobility, and racial/ethnic heterogeneity contribute to social disorganization.” A major example would be when a community has weak social ties. This can be caused from a lack of resources needed to help others, such as single-parent families or poor families. These weak social ties cause social disorganization, which then leads higher levels of crime. According to Seigel, Social disorganization theory concentrates on the circumstances in the inner city that affect crimes. These circumstances include the deterioration of the neighborhoods, the lack of social control, gangs and other groups who violate the law, and the opposing social values within these neighborhoods (Siegel,
This theory however as some have argued has emerged from social disorganisation theory, which sees the causes of crime as a matter of macro level disadvantage. Macro level disadvantage are the following: low socioeconomic status, ethnic or racial heterogeneity, these things they believe are the reasons for crime due to the knock on effect these factors have on the community network and schools. Consequently, if th...
Grunwald, Lockwood, Harris, and Mennis’s (2010) examine the effects of neighborhood context on juvenile recidivism to determine if neighborhoods influence the likelihood of re-offending. Grunwald, Lockwood, Harris, and Mennis made two hypotheses. Hypothesis one was that “neighborhood indicators of social disorganization found to predict delinquency will continue to predict recidivism after controlling for individual and family contexts” (Grunwald et al. 2010, p.1069). Hypothesis two was that “individual and neighborhood predictors of juvenile recidivism will vary depending on recidivism offense type” (Grunwald et al. 2010 p.1069). For this study Grunwald and his team used data taken from the Program Development and Evaluation System database of Philadelphia Family Court. This database measured: family demographics,
Crime is an in inevitable occurrence in today 's culture. Despite the best efforts of our country 's criminal justice system, crime continues to be on the rise. In an effort to reverse this rising tide, efforts are being made to understand the underlying cause of crime and factors that can lead an individual into the life of crime. From the sociological perspective, there are three theories that are used to explain the cause of crime. They are the social structure theory, the bad neighborhood theory, and the social process theory.