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Roman army superiority
Roman army superiority
Roman army superiority
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It is often believed that the Romans did not achieve empire until there were emperors in the government. However, the transformation to imperialism began when the Roman Republic began to turn to places outside of Rome itself, sparking the transformation of the Republic into the empire. The rise of the Roman Empire transpired not due to an offensive move, but rather a defensive strategy. Even though Augustus Caesar was the first emperor, imperialism in Rome began before there was an emperor because the Romans gained control of much land and were successful due to the prestigious Roman army.
Expansion began after a tribe known as the Gauls moved into the city of Rome. The Gallic Invasion was the last time Rome was invaded for nearly 800 years.
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An effort to overtake Carthage was a decision that almost led to the collapse of expansion. The Carthaginian commander Hannibal was extremely close to dominating the army by using Roman tactics. The near victory by Hannibal gained him much respect from the Romans. While the Romans respected those people they took over, that respect was not often reciprocated. After the Second Punic War, the Romans sent out a warning to other potential enemies. Roman forces attempted to move the city inland and the Carthaginians refused causing the Third Punic War. After besieging the city, the Romans were not done with the Carthaginians. The Romans insisted on filling their soil with salt, preventing anything from growing. The enslaved Carthaginians numbered around 55,000 after the Third Punic War and the treatment of these slaves varied …show more content…
Julius Caesar was then stabbed 27 times to his death and in his will adopted his great nephew, Octavius, and all of Caesar’s inheritance went to him. Octavius then tried to “restore” the Roman Republic, but instead become the first emperor of Rome under the name of Augustus. However it is known that Rome had already been an empire for several years. Lands that were conquered by Rome were all under Roman rule and therefore it is known that Rome was in fact imperialistic much before the first emperor took
In the beginning of the eighth century, B.C. Ancient Rome flourished from being a small town on the central Tiber River in Italy, to being an empire that engulfed most of Europe, Britain, Western Asia, Northern Arica and also the Mediterranean islands. Different languages were spreading among the people, Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese and Romanian. Rome was a republic for 450 years then it became an empire in
From about 50 BCE to the year 200 CE, the Roman Empire was a powerful nation. Rome was the city that became the center of the Roman Empire and by 200 BCE Rome became a powerhouse. The Romans conquered Scotland to Spain, controlled the Mediterranean Sea, and established colonies in North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia Minor. By the year 44 BCE Julius Caesar became a Roman Emperor and Rome had a great military. Then around the 5th century CE the Roman Empire began to weaken. The primary reasons for the fall of Rome was because of the Roman Emperors, the Roman Army, and foreign invasion.
Augustus officially brought Rome into imperial status. Julius Caesar climbed the governmental ladder and ended up as the consul and eventually, dictator for life. When he was killed, all hope for the Roman Republic to be cured and survive was lost. By killing him, the senators ensured that the Roman Republic would either fall or continue to be corrupted. Had Julius Caesar not been killed, the Roman Republic could have been revived and cured of corruption, and the Roman Empire might never have existed.
Augustus Caesar was very ambitious leader. He is best known for bringing peace to Rome. Augustus was considered the first great roman emperor, because He didn’t care about wealth and fortune. Augustus cared about the people of Rome. He was a great military leader and was successful in most of his missions. He showed people that being a good ruler requires a lot of hard work and dedication. He was a very generous man. Augustus was greatly admired by the Roman people.
If the second Punic war is to be discussed, I think it is very important to discuss the first Punic war and its motivations and outcomes, because there is a significant link between the two. Of course, as we know a second of anything is made possible by the first, and in the case of the Punic wars, the first war not only made way for the second, it also gave birth and motivation to one of the greatest and most influential participants of the second Punic war, Hannibal. As we explore the dusk of the first Punic war to the dawn of the second, we can see how Hannibal as a military commander was destined to wreak havoc on the Roman military.
Rome was one of the greatest empires of the ancient world. The early Roman state was founded in 509 B.C. after the Romans drove out the hated Etruscan king. By this time Rome had already grown from a cluster of small villages to a small city. Little did the settlers know that this was the beginning of one of the greatest and largest empires ever known.
Subsequently, competition for power led to civil wars that paved the way to the growth of a one-man leadership. Gradually, dictatorship replaced republic government, and when Augustus rose to power, he became the sole and undisputed leader of Rome. This marked the beginning of the Roman Empire, where the ruling was carried out through Augustus’ policies. Augustus’ foreign policy focused on the expansion of the Roman Empire. However, scholars have argued as to whether Augustus’ policy was out of aggressive conquest and greediness or simply, defensive imperialism.
Augustus was the first emperor of Rome, as he replaced the Roman republic with an effective monarchy and during his long reign brought peace and stability. His great uncle, Julius Caesar, was assassinated, he fought to avenge Caesar and both defeated Antony and Cleopatra. Instead following Caesar, as a dictator leader, he founded a system of monarchy, as headed by an emperor holding power for life. Making ultimate control of all aspects of the Roman state, with the army under his direct command. He transformed
The first Punic War started with a request by the locals in Messana for the Romans to aid them in defeating the Carthaginians. Messana was at the southern tip of Italy and would be a great asset to the already superior naval fleet of Carthage. Rome saw this to be a good opportunity to halt the expansion of the Carthaginian Empire and to stop the possible attack on Italy (which was controlled by Rome). Despite this fact the Roman council debated on whether to attack on these premises or not, but eventually it was decided that they would wage war on the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians were then told that they must halt their invasion or war would be waged. They did not stop and Rome declared war.
The Roman Empire In 27 BC, Augustus became the first emperor of Rome, thus creating a strong leader figure, which could shape and mold the Republic system into what was best for the empire or themselves. During the reign of the emperors, the political policies for Rome would vary according to, which emperor was in power. Not only were politics shaky, but there never was a clear-cut method of succession for the man who controlled those politics. Rome had created the position of emperor in hopes that men like Augustus would continue to lead her into prosperity, however the office of emperor struggled in attempting to find great men to lead Rome. The office never truly evolved into something greater than when it had been created, but rather the office varied according to the personality of the man in the position.
As the story goes, Rome was founding in 753 B.C. by two brothers Remus and Romulus who were raised by wolves. The two brothers started fighting over the leadership of the land. Eventually Romulus killed Remus and took control own his own. The city was only a small settlement at that time. As the civilization grew, the Etruscans took over. The Romans drove out the Etruscans in 509 B.C. By this time Rome had become a city. As the empire came to its peak it included lands throughout the Mediterranean world. Rome had first expanded into other parts of Italy and neighboring places during the Roman Republic, but made wider conquests and made a strong political power for these lands. In 44 BC Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman leader who ruled the Roman Republic as a dictator was assassinated. Rome descended into more than ten years of civil war. After years of civil war, Caesar's heir Gaius Octavius (also known as Octavian) defeated his last rivals. In 27 B.C. the Senate gave him the name Augustus, meaning the exalted or holy one. In this way Augustus established the monarchy that became known as the Roman Empire. The Roman Republic, which lasted nearly 500 years, did not exist anymore. The emperor Augustus reigned from 27 BC to AD 14 and ruled with great power. He had reestabl...
Augustus Caesar (formerly known as Julius' nephew Octavian) was the first Roman emperor, and he both self-consciously and often sagaciously undertook to establish precedents that he believed would be in the long-term interest of both the city of Rome and the Roman empire as a whole. The Roman historian and gossip Suetonius tells us that at his death Augustus left behind three scrolls. Instructions for his funeral, a list of his accomplishments, to be inscribed on bronze tablets and placed at the entry to his mausoleum, and a kind of "state-of-the-empire" document full of information about the number of soldiers in various regions, the money in the various treasuries, and similar vital information, as well as the names of the accountants who
Even before the war started, Hannibal knew what he was going to do. Since Carthage had no navy, there was no hope of going directly from Carthage to Italy over the Mediterranean Sea. Hannibal thought up a dangerous but ingenious plan. In order to get to Italy over land, Hannibal and his army would have to travel from Carthage-controlled Spain across the Alps and into the heart of the enemy. Hannibal left in the cold winter of 218 B.C. with 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 37 war elephants. While crossing the Alps, “Hannibal’s force suffered greatly from the elements and the hostility of the local tribesmen” (Beshara, 3). By the time they reached Italy, after only fourteen days, over 9,000 men had perished along with most of the elephants, but this number was soon replenished after 14,000 northern Gaul rebels joined Hannibal’s army. This group of 60,000 men proved superior to the Roman forces, and after at least three recorded major victories, the Roman senate was exasperated. An army of 80,000 Roman soldiers was sent to stop Hannibal’s army of now 50,000 once and for all. In July of 216 B.C., the Romans engaged the Carthaginians in “the neighborhood of Cannae on the Italian east coast” (Lendering, 2). Greatly outnumbered, Hannibal realized that he would have to win by strategy, and that is exactly what he did. As the two lines met, Hannibal’s cavalry gained the flanks and, moving up the sides, attacked the rear of the Roman line.
When the Roman fleet was ready it sailed to meet the Carthaginians at the northern coast of Sicily, under the command of Duilius where they earned the victory. After that, the Romans attempted to take the war to Africa where, however, were defeated and their commander Regulus was kept as a prisoner. The war between Rome and Carthage held for many years, as which one was superior to the other.(Morey,
Once Hannibal conquered this city Rome declared war. The Carthaginians now had a new war general, and were seeking revenge on Rome. Hannibal, their new war general, led an attack on Saguntum, which was a Roman allied city. After this attack the Romans declared war, starting the Second Punic War. It is said that the Second Punic War was one of the biggest struggles in history.