The global energy balance and atmospheric motion mainly determine
the circulation of the earth's atmosphere. There is a hierarchy of motion
in atmospheric circulation. Each control can be broken down into smaller
controlling factors. The global energy balance is an equal balance of
short-wave radiation coming into the atmosphere and long-wave radiation
going out of the atmosphere. This is called thermal equilibrium. The
earth is at thermal equilibrium; however, there can have a surplus or
deficit of energy in parts of the heat budget. If you have a net
radiation surplus warm air will rise, and a net radiation deficit will
make the air cool an fall. Air gets heated at the equator because of the
inter tropical convergence zone and rises to the poles. There the air is
cooled and it floats back down to the equator where the process is
repeated. Another major contributing factor to the circulation of the air
is due to the subtropical highs. These highs like the ITCZ migrate during
the different seasons.
The idealized belt model is a great representation of the general
circulation of the atmosphere. The equatorial belt of variable winds and
calms ranges from 5 degrees north to 5 degrees south. This wind belt is
characterized by weak winds and low pressure from the inter tropical
convergence zone. As you go further north or south you encounter the
Hadley Cells. Hadley cell circulation is caused by the movement of high
pressure from the latitudes at 5 to 30 degrees north and 5 to 30 degrees
south to low pressure areas around the equator.
The movement of air from high pressure to low pressure causes
convergence. This convergence generates the production of wind. The
winds that are produced from this are the trade winds. The winds blow
from a northwest direction in the northern hemisphere, and in the southern
hemisphere the winds blow from a southeast direction. The trade winds are
the largest wind belt. The westerlies, they lie between 35 and 60 degrees
north and south latitude. The wind blows from the west , thus their name.
The westerlies are in the Ferrell cell. Cold air from the polar regions
falls down and then is heated up and pushed upward with the westerlies.
>From 65 to 90 degrees north and south lie the polar easterlies. It exists
because of the pressure gradient that is created by the temperatures.
By understanding that music was of utmost importance to the original slaves, we understand how the reverence of music was handed down through the many generations of slaves on the plantations. It is apparent that music was the highest form of expression for Africans, as well as...
Now the section in the book about music is so real. The music that was played in the slaver days till like 1970 had a meeting to it and some of the music today has a meaning as well. African American music uses to speak about being free, God, spiritual life and it still does. But today our music expresses a different type of struggle. A struggle that talks about poverty, father’s kids, drugs, money, violence, abuse, love and more. Now there is some music that African American has made today that are not encouraging. We do make music that promotes sex, violent, drugs and other bad
'I saw dancing lights in the sky, spiking straight up starting around a few hundred feet off the ground. They waved a bit like curtains’-Mike Taylor. The Aurora Borealis is a display of solar flares that collide with the earth's atmosphere and cause a phenomenal light show, but do the impact of the solar flares affect the earth in any way? If so, is it a positive or negative reaction? Solar flares are also known as space weather. It is said in many research papers that space weather has a long term effect on the earth's atmosphere. If space weather truly does have negative long term effects on the earth’s atmosphere, then the planet might become uninhabitable for any life considering that all living organisms except bacteria and related bacteria life survive on oxygen. The long term effects of space weather in relation to the earths atmosphere will be discussed and based on facts, opinions, and scientific evidence.
...centuries. From Africa to America, blacks gave feeling and meaning to music that America would be otherwise missing a key component without. Today American music cannot be pronounced as one style of music, rather a great mixture of music. All of these culturally rooted styles of music can historically pinpoint African American influence from one, two, or more genres of musical history. The history of African American music could not be explained better than Charlie “Bird” Parker stated it “Music is your own experience, your own thoughts, your wisdom. If you don't live it, it won't come out of your horn. They teach you there's a boundary line to music. But, man, there's no boundary line to art.” African Americans had their own experiences, expectancies, lifestyles, and perspectives that gave them the powerful emotion and improvisation unlike any artists before them.
(“Blues”) Sonya Baker stated that slaves would use these songs for call and response and work songs. The slaves did not just sing, but they added their own moves and sounds to create what they called Negro Spirituals. (291) Many people that listen to blues would say that the lyrics came from sadness. (“Blues”) The songs were based off the different lives people had and the experiences they would go through. When singing the songs, it was to get people to listen to what may have been happening to them. The songs were heartfelt and the people just wanted their life to better. Blues was for the people to get out things they could not just say so they expressed it in a song. This genre of music was also to give advice to people and help others who may have been going down the wrong path. (Long
In conclusion, music is played all over the world, for this reason, the African American community decided to use to reach out to the masses and continue the lines of communication. A will thought out plan and it worked, their works from the Harlem Renaissance Era that studies are still trying to explain. Jazz and Blues influenced listeners and evolved throughout the years, the messages are delivered in music of today. These styles can be found in Gospel, Country, Rap, and countless others genre of music.
No group in American history has been more subjugated than the African American people. The most common thread in our history is the mistreatment and hardship of African Americans. There is a tendency for the sorrow and strife this injustice causes to be woven into the music of this resilient group. They utilize the medium of song to tell their story, either to help them cope with their reality or educate those around them. Throughout American history the struggle of the African American people is echoed all over.
African American music came about from the Africans that were enslaved and brought over to America. They were separated from their language and history. The way they were able to preserve some of their culture is through music, which was limited to vocals and rhythm, and dance. The type of African music called “sorrow songs” which were sung due to the hard labor and cruelty the slaves had to encounter, were made into Blues which became popular in the Deep South. From Blues came Jazz, Behop, Rhythm and Blues (R&B), Soul, and Rap.
The Arab Spring Uprisings are political protests against the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Morocco, and Jordan. (Manfreda, ) The protests began in Tunisia when a vegetable vendor set himself on fire in protest of the actions of the government. This incident is said to have been the “spark” that fueled the action of the people to overthrow their governments. This region is being watched by every country in the world. The world is watching to see how it will affect their political and economic relationships with one another. Will the areas become democratic nations or will they become shell states where terrorism runs rampant?
In the course reading “Protecting Research Confidentiality “by Ted Palys and John Lowman, the article states that the importance of protecting a participant’s confidentiality in research could mean going up against legal measures that demands the disclosure of the participant’s personal info. For many researchers, having the moral courage to live up to what is promised to the participant, their confidentiality, is in most cases conflicting and produces an ethical dilemma. When research ethics and law of confidentiality conflicts, it is a practical problem that needs to be balanced in avoidance of violating both the ethics guidelines and the law. Moreover, it also an ethical dilemma between protecting the participants, and at the same time not protecting ethics through the mean of law violation. In my opinion, the lengths that a researcher needs to go to protect the confidentiality of the participant should surpass the law and should account for the full responsibility in keeping their identity safe against any legal measures. However, the only conditions that are exempted are when the participant shows tendencies to hurt themselves or other individuals. Other than this exemption, it would appear that the researcher actually has a huge burden to bear in the process of doing research. However, no matter how much responsibility, moral courage and ethical decisions that a research study demands for, it is still reasonable for a researcher to assume such a responsible position to protect what he/she is researching and the participants involved. This is because in the process of assisting in the researcher’s research, depending on the study, par...
The dictatorship of President Hosni Mubarak continued for three decades in Egypt. Autocracy, police brutality, radically skewed distribution of nation’s wealth, youth unemployment, domination of all institutions by older men were major factors that stimulated the Arab Spring Revolution. With an autocratic leadership there was no free speech from the Egyptian citizens which led to too much power being
Music was a large part in history of the life of an ancestor of African decent and is now recognized as a time of segregation between whites and
Whereas music has changed throughout the course of Black history, the meaning behind older songs has created the music’s origin. Music in the Black culture early on had changed the lives of many slaves, from leaving hidden messages of escape routes, to giving tips on overthrowing their ‘masters’. Other reasons had included the act of being racist, and other treatments many Blacks were given. The evolution of music for the race has led to a variety of different styles, along with stories told in their music.
In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, there were different styles of music that developed. One of most popular styles was known as the blues. The blues was a style of music that in a rhythmic matter, told a story of men and women who had been hurt, abused, depressed or who felt confused (Kebede 135). As the blues grew, it began to fall in to one of four categories: country blues, city blues, urban blues and instrumental blues. Country blues existed in oral tradition as a form of personal expression. It began its development in the early part of the 1900’s because it was a difficult period of transition form slavery to freedom. African Americans used the blues to tell of the adversity, they had experienced and was still experiencing. Interest in country blues did not start until the mid 1920’s. Papa Charlie made one of the earliest recordings of this time. Leadbelly and Blind Lemon Jefferson helped advance the interest in Afri...
Since December 2010, demonstrations and protests spread across countries in North Africa and the Middle East. The protests started in Tunisia, following Mohamed Bouazizi’s self-immolation in protest of ill-treatment and police corruption (Salih 2013:184), and quickly spread throughout the Arab world. These pro-democracy movements, collectively called the Arab Spring, rose up against the dictatorial regimes and corrupt leaders that had ruled for decades in some cases. In the major sites of the popular uprisings, political conditions remain unsettled or violent (Dariwsheh, 2014). Despite similarities in their original opposition to authoritarian rule, the outcomes differed from country to country. In Tunisia and Egypt, processes of transition