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The importance of ethical guidelines in psychology
Essay on spiritualism in education
The importance of ethical guidelines in psychology
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CITI Course and Ethics Paper
In 1982 the company Johnson & Johnson, recalled 31 million bottles of Tylenol from store shelves after eight people in the United States died from cyanide-laced capsules. The recall cost Johnson & Johnson $240 million dollars and cut its profit on five billion dollars in revenue in 1982 by almost 50 percent. Although the tampering was no fault towards the company, Johnson & Johnson decided to act before it had complete information on the entirety of the unfortunate situation. As a result, the Tylenol product containers were redesigned and new tamperproof packaging was introduced. The company’s immediate response to the problem saved the Tylenol brand and won the company admiring reviews for their immediate action and their ethical and moral prowess. The move turned out to be a huge marketing coup for the company of which resulted in significant goodwill from customers (Seglin, 2000). Johnson & Johnson’s ethical practice proved to be a great guide, displaying the imperative of being both socially and ethically accountable for the lives of others.
As it pertains to research, it is the moral obligation of the researcher to be good stewards of those whom participate within their research studies and possess an obligation to keeping them safe. Within this second part of this two part assignment, this writer will review his intended dissertation research and consider any ethical concerns of which could be displayed.
The purpose of this writer’s research is to conduct a qualitative correlation research study in which determines that spiritual growth within the lives of people in the context of Christian Education initiatives in African-American churches are an issue with a pedagogical approach. With...
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...n education (10th ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Education, Inc.
Drew, C. J., Hardman, M. L., & Hosp, J. L. (2008). Designing and conducting research in education. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Fisher, C. B. (2012). Decoding the ethics code: A practical guide for psychologists (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Roberts, L. W., Geppert, C. M. A., Coverland, J., Louie, A., & Edenharder, K. (2005). Ethical and regulatory considerations in educational research. Academic Psychiatry, 29(1), 1-5.
Seglin, J. L. (2000). The good, the bad, and your business: Choosing right when ethical dilemmas pull you apart. Kittery Point, Maine: Smith/Kerr Associates LLC.
Washington, H. (2006). Medical apartheid: The dark history of medical experimentation on black Americans from colonial times to the present. New York: Doubleday.
The book, Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment, by James H. Jones, was one of the most influential books in today’s society. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment study began in 1932 and was terminated in 1972. This book reflects the history of African Americans in the mistrust of the health care system. According to Colin A. Palmer, “James H. Jones disturbing, but enlightening Bad Blood details an appalling instance of scientific deception. This dispassionate book discusses the Tuskegee experiment, when a group of physicians used poor black men as the subjects in a study of the effects of untreated syphilis on the human body”(1982, p. 229). In addition, the author mentioned several indications of discrimination, prejudice,
The treatment of African Americans in The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks demonstrates the lack of ethics in the United States health care system during the 1950s and 1960s. Under the impression that medical doctors at Johns Hopkins Hospital were solely injecting radium treatment for cervical cancer, Henrietta Lacks laid on the surgical bed. During this procedure Dr. Lawrence Wharton Jr. shaved two pieces of tissue from her vagina, one from a healthy cervical tissue and one from the cancerous tumor, without Henrietta’s prior knowledge. After recovering from her surgery Henrietta exited the door marked, “Blacks Only,” the door that signified the separation between White and African-American patients. Had Henrietta been White, would the same outcomes have occurred? How badly did a country that proclaimed to be “One Nation under God” divide this very land into two separate nations? The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks truly exhibits the racial disparity in the health care system.
Nye, Howard. PHIL 250 B1, Winter Term 2014 Lecture Notes – Ethics. University of Alberta.
In the book Medical Apartheid, written by Harriet A Washington, the author focuses on the hidden, dark history of American experimentations done on African Americans during slavery times to more present days. Washington’s main purpose of the book is to educate readers about the abusive, deep history of experimentations done on African Americans and to explain why African Americans mistrust American medicine so much and are unwilling to participate in any research or screenings. Although Washington represents many specific cases of abusive experimental evidence—in order to reveal why African Americans mistrust American medicine today—her main arguments were that these experiments were done without consent, that physicians and scientists were
American Counseling Association (2005). ACA Code of Ethics. Alexandria, VA: Author. - See more at: http://www.counseling.org/knowledge-center/ethics#sthash.13ImD8Lb.dpuf
11) Washington, Harriet A. Medical apartheid: The dark history of medica experimentation on Black Americans from colonial times to the present. Random House LLC, 2006.
Smith, A. (2000). The inescapably ethical character of psychotherpy. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology.. Retrieved from http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:The+inescapably+ethical+character+of+psychotherpy#0.
Mitchell, R., & Jr, Jones, W. (1994). Public policy and the black hospital from slavery to
American Psychological Association (APA). (2002). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. American Psychologist, 57, 1060-1073.
There are three expressions of spirituality which allows African American to cope while facing academic and social barriers (Wood & Palmer, 2015). The first expression of spirituality is resilience, and religious activities such as prayer, attending religious services, and reading scriptures help Black men to overcome challenges they face such as racism, stereotypes, and it reduces stress (Wood & Palmer, 2015). The second expression of spirituality is that it provides Black men with a “sense of purpose, direction, and focus in life” (Wood & Palmer, 2015). Spirituality informs their academic goals, while providing men with a greater level of commitment to their academic pursuits (Wood & Palmer, 2015). The third expression of spirituality was religious institutional support (Wood & Palmer, 2015). African American males received personal encouragement due to their religious connections and relationships (Wood & Palmer, 2015).
Linde, L.E., Erford, B.T., & Cheung, A. (2010). Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling. In B.T. Erford (Ed.), Orientations to the Counseling Profession: Advocacy, ethics, and essential professional foundations (pp.55-92). New Jersey: Pearson.
Washington, Harriet A. Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present. New York: Doubleday, 2006. Print.
Ethics is the judgement and the moral actions used in interactions with cultures and society and its focus is on the client well-being. Ethics is defined by Remley and Herlihy (2010) in the counseling field as “professional behavioral and interactions” (p.4). Counselors do rely and are guide by Codes of Ethics. The role and relevance of the ethical principals, the ACA and AMHCA Code of Ethics are the base of the counseling profession. Without them this career would not have a guide on how the professionals should act and react professionally in all the different situations that are faced in this field.
The ten videos I watched were: Coronoa “Shoes”, Coors Light with Ice Cube, Captain Morgan, Bud Light “Swear Jar”, Bud Light “Clothing Drive”, Budweiser “Puppy Love”, Budweiser “Clydesdale Donkey”, Smirnoff with Pharrell Williams, Jose Cuervo Silver, and Patron Silver. Most of the focuses on minors were pretty obvious, but a few were hard to recognize. Ten out of the ten ads could target those under 21.
American Psychiatric Association. (2010). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. American Psychological Association (APA), Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.aspx