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Impact of confirmation bias
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Confirmation bias is the act of assuming or favoring information based on personal beliefs or theories. As we live in a surprising world where a lot of unbelievable and shocking things happen, we are more than likely, as human beings motivated by personal beliefs and wishful thinking, to jump into conclusion based on those ideas and concepts. Sometimes when a person has such a strong desire for an idea or theory to be true she end up convincing herself that it is and that’s how a part of biased and fake new arise. After that person publish those fake news, another person who shares the same perspective will automatically adopt and accept that information and correspondingly reject all other facts that contradict what they believe in. And …show more content…
First of all, we should give importance to our surroundings. Surrounding ourselves with people of diverse opinions and backgrounds and listening to them while discussing, respectfully of course, could change a lot in the way we view the world. If we are encircled by people who think and act like us all the time we are never going to be able to develop and move forward. Another key point is setting our pride aside. Being right is quite flattering and boosts our self-worth and it’s human nature to always want to be right. In order to avoid fake news circulating, people should learn to look for the truth instead of desperately wanting to be right. Being too stubborn because we don’t want to be proven wrong or we can’t admit we are wrong can only cause more harm than good. The last but most important point I believe is to be educated. What I mean by educated is to think for yourself. We shouldn’t feel pressured to agree with someone just to be part of their group. We shouldn't feel ashamed to give our true opinion and views because they are unpopular or people might disagree with them. We shouldn’t let others influence our decisions and thoughts or
Confucius once said that “life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated” by restricting ourselves with traditions and beliefs. We don’t have to follow the popular religions and beliefs because of peer-pressure. Lao zi once said that if we always “care about what other people think[,] we will always be their prisoner” so we should follow our hearts and create our own paths. However, people will also need to think about the consequences of our behaviours before we act or we may cause troubles like Jen in the move Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
Confirmation Bias: A perfect example would pertain to when the victims of sexual assault from the University of North Carolina stuck together, they bonded when no one else would listen and believe them. They sought out each other and many others around the United States as the film continued until they had proven their point. The two women, Andrea and Annie just kept moving forward while avoiding those that
Thought processes can greatly influence people's social interactions, and the way that they live their lives. Cognitions develop how people perceive themselves and others on a daily basis. It is important to investigate how people attribute actions and behaviors exhibited, not only by themselves, but also those around them. These attributions shape the way an observer feels and reacts to others, and how people feel about themselves due to their own actions. The correspondence bias (fundamental attribution error) and the self-serving bias are two errors made in attribution by virtually every human being (Baron & Byrne, 2000). Both of these biases can be shown not only in adults, but also children (Guern, 1999). Even sport spectators display these biases when watching their favorite teams (Wann & Schrader, 2000). When the self-serving bias is absent in people's cognitions, they will show the self-defeating attributions. It is important to study people that demonstrate self-defeating attributions, because these individuals also show symptoms of depression (Wall & Hayes, 2000). Clearly, attributions are an imperative aspect of social cognition. Attributional bias is discussed by Marie Beesley. It is also important to investigate the factors that affect people's judgment biases in decision making and reasoning skills, which is explored by Amanda Wheeler. Because these two processes are so vital to the way in which people perceive themselves and others, and to the way a person chooses to behave, it is important to understand the factors that can cause inaccurate judgments. Judgment biases affect the way people form conclusions and make attributions about others, as well as abou...
While people deal with everyday life, a plethora of events is occurring throughout the day. Most people usually do a multitude of actions to resolve these events without thinking as well. This can be anything from trying to get to class as soon as possible, talking to someone that recently was introduced, or doing a kind of tradition at a football game. Cognitive Biases is defined as a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, whereby inferences about other people and situations may be drawn in an illogical fashion. This article will talk about a small sample of these situations and clarify what the meaning behind them. It shall discuss Negativity Bias, Confirmation Bias, Gamblers Fallacy, and Illusion of Control
Hasty Generalization, Snap Judgments and Jumping to Conclusions – this involves making or forming conclusions without sufficient evidence (an auto mechanic ripped me off, so no auto mechanics can be trusted).
Chapter 3 introduces an idea on confirmation bias. This is when people who have already concluded their thinking is accurate and correct, finds evidence to support what they have already known or believe. This occurs especially when an individual is so focused on an idea or object, which correlates with chapter 40 on inattentional blindness. Inattentional blindness draws our perception away from surrounding details because the majority of us choose to focus on one particular detail that causes us to be thinking in a confirmation bias way for what we favor is to be the “right” answer in the world.
Currently in the world today, everyone is fighting in a cloud of smoggy and jumbled politics and of general life. This cloud is so dark and hazy that it blinds everyone, which makes it so that no one can see another person’s side or view. This causes people to continue to argue and never come to a consensus, like trying to swim through ice - it’s impossible to agree. This cloud has evolved so much and become so much like the norm that many people do not see the problems that it’s causing. People need to be more aware that being one-sided will only bring more tension and not allow for anything to be done. It is time to take action and clean out the smog and haze from the cloud. It is time to be able to see each other from opposite sides of the cloud and respect each other’s views and opinions. To do this, we must have a more open mind, and have the mindset that is more willing to accept differences. Therefore, civility is a very important necessity that our society needs currently and for the future, and can be achieved through efforts to change our mindsets.
“Fake News” in the modern society relate to the world of 1984. The President and Big Brother both have some kind of power and they believe that they are the rulers of the country/society. Neither the President nor Big Brother wants other people’s viewpoints or thoughts because they want their ideas to be the foundation of the society and the only solutions to the existing problems. Fake news makes people aware of the reality and the truth.
Many media outlets tend to focus on sensational information that will get more readers and might even cause a small-scale panic for some people. However, they also tend to reject any relevant information that might give people a better knowledge of the subject simply to entertain readers.
News networks are in full control of the stories they inform the public about, potentially allowing powerful individuals to influence a story to benefit them personally. This topic is paramount in the world today, especially when discussing the current United States President: Donald Trump. The president has consistently declared any story that negatively affects him as "fake news". The use of this term has increased distrust in the news networks by his supporters. This distrust allows Trump to brush off political scandals that would result in the termination of a presidency for any other person. As unhealthy of a practice this is, it has been extremely effective thus far. However, a byproduct of this tactic; a society in which reality repeatedly comes into
Backfire effects are a phenomenon that explains the way that people will automatically dismiss any information that goes against their worldview. When information challenges people in their views, they will often accept misinformation that confirms their beliefs before they accept facts that oppose them. This phenomenon is closely related to the idea of confirmation bias. Confirmation bias is a form of motivated cognition because it demonstrates how we only remember information when it confirms opinions that we already have. Both concepts, confirmation bias and backfire effects, explain how the mind is not easily influenced by facts due to the way people hold their strong opinions.
Confirmation bias describes a tendency to specifically choose new information to reassert the beliefs of the current information (Robbins, Judge, Millet & Boyle, 2011). Again, since the selection committee has had an initial impression of the two candidates, there may be a tendency to quickly come to a conclusion and disregard new information that could actually be relevant. Soll, Milkman and Payne (2015) explains that people easily rely on System 1 and System 2 thinking when making decisions, which come from “automatic judgements” from past memory and deviating from the actual objective from laziness, respectively. This type of thinking limits the ability to think logically, called “cognitive rigidity”, which can stem from “time pressure, negative emotions, exhaustions, and other stressors” (Soll, Milkman & Payne 2015, p.7). The selection committee’s important decision can intensify these stressors, and must recognise this bias in order to make a logical
However, this is not the whole story. While their findings certainly are a part to understanding why fake news works, it is not the whole story. As previously mentioned, implicit bias or more commonly “echo-chambers” are one physiological phenomenon which causes people to create certain groups. Similarly, confirmation bias is a description of the process by which people will consciously or subconsciously will seek out and believe information which they already believe to be true (Braucher). Really, any of these three phenomena whether it be implicit bias, the inability to find good information, or confirmation bias can prove to be detrimental all on their own, but together they can be even worse.
You may say that little or nothing comes from reading or producing fake news but in reality it affects us unknowingly, which is what makes it so dangerous. Fake news stems from propaganda. Propaganda was commonly used in the past due to the lack of available technology. It is a relevant example on how manipulated information could be used in a global scale and how it has shaped our history.
Some few are unwilling to abandon their ignorance even when they can see real truth.