Argument: America’s Contemporary Politics Reflect the Pluralistic Theory of Elite power

Hello. My name is Angie Sykeny, and in this video I’m going to argue that America’s contemporary politics reflect the pluralistic theory of elite power.

Pluralism, in short, means that power lies not in the hands of one dominant person or group, but rather is disbursed among many. This is because each group has a different set of expertise and resources. We can refer to this system as a polyarchy, a term coined by renowned political scientist Robert Dahl in his 1956 book A Preface to Democratic Theory. This is in contrast to a hierarchal system, which is structured like a pyramid where all groups are ranked above or below others. However, even in a polyarchy, we should not conclude that there an elite is completely non-existent. Sociologist Susan Keller believed that there is pyramid structure, yes, but a myriad of pyramids rather than just one.

But what are these said groups and where do they come from? These multiple competing groups are only possible because we live democratic society where citizens have the right to assemble, and to speak freely in opposition to the elite. These rights are solidified in the First Amendment of the constitution and cannot be taken away, even by the elite. Thus, the constitution contributes to a pluralistic system by keeping the powerful in check so that they can never hold all of the power.

Many of these assemblies we can call voluntary or interest groups. A few examples of these types of groups include labor unions, banks, corporations, environmental activists, civil rights activists, and trade associations. These groups work to sway the public for or against certain issues, as well as lobby for political candidates who will represent those views.

Let’s look at some of the most influential ...

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...e see that there are several factors which contribute to America’s pluralistic society. The influence, openness, and competition of interest groups put power in the hands of a diverse selection of people. The democratic elections and multi-party system allow people to choose from a number of candidates who they want to represent them as the elite. Lastly, America’s three branches and the bounds of the constitution help ensure that there is balance of power. Pluralism is a system which has worked for the country. Since its birth, the public has always been able to influence politics. Never has there been a threat of domestic tyranny. As long as the elite adhere to the constitution and work as activators for the people’s views rather than their own, America will be a free, democratic nation—a place where everyone coexists to share power, responsibility, and rewards.