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How does munchausen by proxy affect people around them
The effects of munchausen syndrome on the individual
The effects of munchausen syndrome on the individual
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Are You Sick, or Do You Just Want Attention?
Most of us, in our youth, were probably asked this question in some form or another at least once by our parents; and most of us would probably admit to having faked being sick at least once in our lives. It is interesting, then, to note that there seems actually to be a pathology associated with this kind of behavior known as Munchausen syndrome.
What, technically, is Munchausen syndrome? According to the Merck Manual, it is "Repeated fabrication of physical illness - usually acute, dramatic, and convincing - by a person who wanders from hospital to hospital for treatment." (1) People suffering from this disorder will even go so far as to inflict physical harm upon themselves in order to get the attention they want. Generally, it is associated with a past history of severe neglect and abuse inflicted upon the subject. It is important at this point to differentiate between Munchausen and two other pathological behaviors for which it might be mistaken: unlike hypochondriacs, Munchausen sufferers are conscious of the fact that they are not genuinely sick (2); unlike malingerers (people who fake or induce the symptoms of illness for some external gain, such as the prescription of painkillers (3)) the behavior of an overwhelming majority of Munchausen sufferers cannot be attributed to conscious motives. (1)
A far more alarming variant of this disorder, known as Munchausen syndrome by proxy, has also been documented. In these cases, the subject fabricates the existence of physical illness in another person, usually the subject's child. The same sorts of behaviors occur - faking or simulating the symptoms of illness, resorting to physical harm in order to induce those symptoms. Even though the parent - the Munchausen sufferer - will always appear to be deeply concerned for the child's welfare, her actions will not infrequently result in the child's being severely deformed or even dying. (2) Both variants of this disorder are highly uncommon.
At present, people with either Munchausen syndrome or Munchausen syndrome by proxy are seldom, if ever, treated with drugs. Standard methods of management and treatment include early recognition of the disorder and years of intensive counseling; many doctors believe that the disorders are not treatable, inferring from the nature of the disorders that giving the subject medical attention would in fact heighten the severity of their pathology. (2) Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen syndrome by proxy are rarely treated successfully.
Omalu uses numerous examples of pathos in his article. Dr. Omalu states “Depending on the severity of the condition, the child now has a risk of manifesting symptoms of C.T.E. like major depression, memory loss, suicidal thought and actions, loss of intelligence as well as dementia later in life” (Omalu, 2015). This is an effective use of pathos because it puts the audience in a situation where they see a loved one experiencing depression or memory loss. These are just a few of the many consequences that are possible for those who engage in these kind of physical activities. This can also have a large impact on the families of those who are suffering from one of these symptoms. Dr. Omalu also use pathos by appealing to the moral duty of the audience by asking the question “are we endangering that child? “(Omalu, 2015). As humans we all have a set moral that we follow in everyday life. These ethics are used as standards to define the boundaries of what is acceptable for humane society.
As previously presented, a psychiatric report states that Mary Maloney is not suffering, or has not suffered in the past, any form of mental disorder or illness. Mrs. Maloney did not have schizophrenia, and she was not bipolar, she was not insane. Given the fact that she was not insane still does not mean that it was impossible for her to have “snapped” and done something irrational at that moment. Yet the likely hood of this even occurring is very slim, in fact the chance of it happening is a 0.1 out of 100 chance. It is known that some mental illnesses are hereditary and may have not showed up on current files therefore; we also brought in psychiatric reports from Mary Maloney’s parents and 3 grandparents. All these reports are clean from any mental disorders. Mary Maloney not having a mental disorder was not the only significant evidence in this report. T...
The denial of child care for her two children’s has added fear, helplessness, hopelessness, loss, of control and guilt which impacts Katy health and contributed to worsening of her health. Katy was experiencing a situational crisis because of her medical condition and her concern to provide for her children. It occurs when an individual produces an overwhelming response as they confronted with a stressful event. Factors that contribute to Katy crisis are high demand to provide for her children, denial of child care services, medical condition, and a single parent. These factors play a critical role in her health outcome and progression of her disease and psychological state. Therefore, prolonged stress included adverse psychological and physical health effects as well as the increased risk of premature death (Denollet, J., et al.
Malingering is to make believe that a person is sick due to a physical or mental illness to avoid unpleasable consequences while denial is an act to oppress reality and deny its existence. In criminal cases, many suspects have tried to perform both of these strategies in order to receive a smaller sentence, but in fact, the person either spends a greater amount in a mental health institution or prison.
considered a mental illness, however her being a married woman forced to stay at home and
Rosenberg, Donna Andrea (2003). Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: medical diagnostic criteria. Child Abuse and Neglect, 27 p. 421-430.
One of the properties that allow social media to be an attractive tool to use by politicians is the ability to attract a massive audience of users. The Pew Research Center suggests that there is a growing number of social media users. A whooping 73% of US adults use the internet (Social Networking Fact Sheet). These...
A few years before the conflict in Korea, US President Truman set forth an international policy known as the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine stated that the United States would aid countries that were fighting communist takeover. Combined with the ideological differences between the US and the USSR, the Soviet Union’s development of an atomic bomb pushed tensions past the breaking point, moving both countries into an arms race during which each attempted to amass more weapons than the other nation. Around the same time, over in Asia, the Communist Party banished Chinese Nationalists, the local democratic party, and began taking hold under Mao Zedong. This sparked fear within the Americans, for China was a large, influential country in Asia; Americans began to believe that China’s communistic society would influence its smaller surrounding countries to adopt communism as well. That series of events, along with the perceived threat of communism spreading, led to a tim...
The researchers present findings that indicate that a politician’s popularity in the voting booth may be related to the frequency with which the candidate is talked about on social media. The researchers goes on to discuss how further research may conclude that social media has a bigger impact on voting outcomes than traditional forms of media, and how that could potentially shape the future of voting.
Politicians are always looking for ways to connect with the electorate. The rise of the internet not only allows for distribution of campaign ideas but new ways of voter feedback that was previously unavailable including online fund-raising, and voter mobilization. The internet has the ability to shape the political landscape.
Zhang, Sheldon X. 2002. “Chinese Gangs: Familial and Cultural Dynamics.” 219–36 in Gangs in America III, edited by C. Ronald Huff. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
The majority of national studies on drug use often lump Asian Americans into the category of “other” and focus mainly on African Americans, White, and Hispanics. The lack of unspecified studies has led some to believe that there is no drug abuse problem in the Asian American population. In turn, this has perpetuated the stereotype that Asian Americans are a model minority (Moloney, Hunt, & Evans, 2008, p. 377). A model minority is a group “who do not experience problems related to mental health, medical comorbidity, or addictions” (Fong MD & Tsuang MD MS, 2007, p. 52). The reality is, that although the research pool is shallow, substance abuse is present in the Asian American community (Fong MD & Tsuang MD MS, 2007, p. 52).
Winograd, Morley, and Michael D. Hais. Millennial Makeover [electronic Resource] : MySpace, YouTube, and the Future of American Politics. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2008. DiscoverE. Web. 28 Mar. 2012. .
It is difficult to conclude anything other than that the alliance between the PRC and the Soviet Union was chiefly born out of necessity. Certainly, the common ideology and revolutionary nature of the CCP allowed for a collective understanding that sometimes amalgamated into shared objectives. Even so, PRC actions suggest an appeasement rather than a genuine alignment with the Soviet Union. Accordingly, Beijing and Moscow appear reluctant allies, with a hint of the Prisoner’s Dilemma to their alliance – each, though particularly the PRC, facing deleterious consequences by pursuing an independent path.In cooperating, the PRC were able to build their state and counterbalancing the perceived US threat.
Social Media has become a very essential tool in the society; in addition, it has a huge impact on communication and learning process. Social media is defined as websites and applications used for social networking. “As of September 2013, seventy-one percent of online adult use Facebook, eighteen percent use Twitter and seventeen percent use Instagram, twenty-two percent use PInterest, and another twenty-two percent use LinkedIn. (PewReasearch, 2013). In addition, "Between February 2005 and August 2006, the use of social networking sites among young adult internet user ages eighteen and twenty-nine jumped from nine percent to forty-nine percent. The usage of social media had grown drastically.” On social media sites like these, users may develop biographical profiles, communicate with friends and strangers, do research, and share thoughts, photos, music, links, and more” (Socialnetworking.procon,2012). Social media has impacted everyone in several different ways. In this present time, majority of college student use Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Social media has a bold impact college student's grades, social interactions, and the teaching and learning process.