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Animal testing is the use of non-human animals for scientific experimentation. There are estimates that 50 to 100 million vertebrate animals worldwide from zebra fish to on-human primates are used annually. Much larger numbers of invertebrates are used even flies and worms are used has model organisms are very important, experiments on invertebrates are largely unregulated and not included in statistics. Animals are euthanized after being used in a experiment. Some of these animals are purpose-bred and others are caught in the wild or they are supplied by dealers who obtain them from auctions and pounds. The testing on the animals are conducted inside universities, medical schools, pharmaceutical companies, farms, defense establishments and commercial facilities that provide animal-testing services to industry. Some of the tests that researchers do on the animals are biomedical research transplantation, drug testing and toxicology test, cosmetics and other animals are used for directional research, breeding and defense research. Organizations like PETA and BUVA thinks it it not a necessity for this testings. They think is is cruel, poor scientific practice, poorly regulated and that animals used for experimentations have an intrinsic right not be be used for experimentation. Many Americans don’t agree with testing on animals. Testing animals is wrong and they are just poor helpless animals and they die every day. They are testing animals with products such has soap, household cleaners, drugs, cosmetics, pesticides and other chemicals. Drug tests that are done on animals that pass the test end up harming or killing humans. Lists of animals that get tested daily are cats, dogs, monkeys, mice, and rabbits. The researchers test these ... ... middle of paper ... ...manicure products, hair coloring, shampoos, shaving products, baby products, mouth washes and tanning products. There is alternatives without testing or torturing the animals. These non-animal methods usually take less time to complete, cost a fraction of what the animal experiments would be and they are not plagued with species differences that make extrapolation difficult of impossible. Effective, affordable, and humane research methods include studies of human populations, volunteers, and patients as well as sophisticated in vitro, genomic, and computer-modeling techniques. Companies that are exploring modern alternatives. Some companies are only using human tissues and sophisticated computer technology in the process of drug development and testing. Some companies say that discovery process is much more efficient with human tissues instead of animal tissue.
Over 100 Million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned and abused in testing Labs every year. Animals are used to test the safety of products, advance scientific research, and develop models to study disease and to develop new medical treatments all for the sake of mankind. Animals should not be used for scientific research because animal testing is inhumane, other testing methods now exist, and animals are very different from human beings.
Animals are used as a part of experimentations in order to accomplish new openings. A few individuals think that it is satisfactory, while others contend that it is not moral to sacrifice animals for science. Estimated, that fifty to one hundred million of animals are used for tests in the world. Despite the significance of experiments, the quantity of animals and purpose of research are not under any control. Animals testing should be banned under a few circumstances; we can enhance the situation by using alternative ways such as replacement, reduction, and refinement according to International Society for Applied Ethology.
It is estimated that each year, over 100 million animals-including mammals, birds, fish, and amphibians-are killed in U.S. laboratories for various testings, according to PETA.org. Americans should reconsider their usage of animal testing due to the fact that humans have an improper advantage to animals. Organizations such as PETA, do whatever possible to protect the rights animals have. Due to such organizations, there have been more reasons to find ways to no longer find the need to test on animals. Animal testing is unfair to animals due to the subjection of unconsenting pain to when used for medical experimentation.
To begin, animal testing is a problem in today’s society because it is inhumane, and enormously cruel, this is considered animal abuse. Like humans, animals can feel the agony and fear, as well as, happiness and contentment. There are many animals who are incarcerated in laboratories, instead of casually interacting with other animals for fun. For instance, the article, Human Science is Superior Science states, “Animals in labs live stressful, monotonous, and unnatural lives of daily confinement and deprivation”
Alternative methods are sometimes more reliable, more accurate, cost-effective, practical, and expedient Alternative testing can be used for in preclinical studies .These methods are vitro methods (human cells and tissues), silico models (advanced computer-modeling techniques), studies with human volunteers (microdosing, advanced brain imaging and recording techniques), stem cell, genetic testing methods, computerized patient-drug databases ,virtual drug trials and human-patient simulators can be used for the assessment of the safety of drugs, chemicals, cosmetics, medical devices, consumer and investigational products.
Animal testing has been a highly debated topic in recent years. There are many people who have finally started to speak their minds and tell how they feel about testing on animals. But just as there are those who oppose animal testing, there are those who fully support it. A majority of people who do not support animal testing provide valid facts and information for why it is not needed. Some of the facts that they provide revolve around the conditions that the animals have to endure in the testing labs. The Animal Welfare Act lays out rules about how animals are allowed to be tortured, beaten, maimed, and all sorts of other things as long as they get pain relief. Those who oppose animal testing also provide facts that show how unreliable the
Animal testing has been around since the third and fourth centuries BC, when it was performed by Greek philosopher-physicians. However, it is unknown when people began to question this process. In today’s society, the idea of testing products on animals has become more and more controversial with numerous groups being created and becoming even more vocal. While people will decide for themselves where they stand in this argument, I would hope that most would agree that animal abuse is wrong. So, if animal abuse is wrong and animal testing can be, and usually is, much more painful and severe than animal abuse; why can’t people agree on the subject of animal testing? However, the argument for animal testing is also legitimate. Animal testing can help scientists find side effects, medicines, even cures. So, are the advantages of testing on animals worth the ethical issues it creates?
Today, millions of animals are being tested on for the use of human products, causing them to fall ill and die, leaving them no choice but to be experimented on. Animal abuse can be more than what meets the eye. Specifically, animal testing is a form of animal abuse and usually ends in death of a harmless animal. Some might say that there is no other way to test products, but due to the harm that is done and our advancements in science, animal testing should not be tolerated.
National Institute of Environmental Health Science defines “alternative test methods are test methods that reduce, refine, or replace animal use in research and testing. Reduction, refinement, and replacement are commonly referred to as ‘the 3Rs’”. According to USDA statistic report, 8, 34,453 animals were used in research in the 2014 (2). As per Manguire’s research paper, many alternative methods like in vitro, QSAR, computer modelling are available which can replace the animal usages. Feder mentions in vitro laboratories charges $20,000 to screen the efficacy and safety of a drug, when for the same purpose, it takes more animals, more cost, and longer time. So if researchers, initially, use the alternative methods to check the drug safety and efficacy data, at the end they need only low number of animals to confirm the results. Thus, researchers can reduce the animals’ numbers as possible in their work and save more
The relationship between humans and animals has been a controversial and heated debate for decades. Many people have joined animal rights movements to advocate for the fair treatment of animals. Animals have no syntax and so there is no way to accurately communicate with them. Because of that there is currently no proof if animals can feel the same level of emotions as humans. Peter Singer is a supporter of animal rights. In his essay “Animal Liberation” he talks about what animals can feel. Singer, like many others, believe that animals can feel deeper levels of emotions like humans. Peggy Carlson wants to put an end to animal testing, her and many others believe that animal testing is inhumane and ineffective. If animals can suffer as much as humans than animal testing seems like a horrific practice. I mostly agree with Singer and Carlson on this topic. I think that different animals have different levels of emotional complexity, some animals simply experience primal instincts and others feel emotions closer to or at a human level. With that taken into consideration I think that animal testing is justified, but some of it is unnecessary and cruel.
This can replace animal experimentation for good. A new more developed technology created by James Hickman that mimics the standard human muscular function.This new technology allows researchers to watch muscular functions and how they respond to different treatments without having to use animals. Harvard’s Wyss Institute has created “organs-on-chips”. This chip can replace animals being used for drug and disease research. Some companies have already begun replacing animals for these chips. Science has really evolved over the years. You can now use just a small sample of a person and be able to use it for testing. You can also use a deceased human's body and use it for research. They’re more companies developing that do not use animals for testing. Many companies are now turning against the use of animals for testing. In a few states they have already passed laws where laboratories cannot use animals for testing. They are forced to use other methods to experiment.
Animal Testing Every year over 100 million animals, such as guinea pigs, mice, cats, dogs, pigs, frogs and many others are tested on. These animals are tested for cosmetics, medical research, biology lessons, food, chemicals, drugs and even just curiosity-driven experiments. Animal testing is inhumane and should only be used for medical purposes. For starters, animal testing is inhumane and cruel. According to Human Society animals breath in toxic fumes.
As science advances further and scientists find new ways to gather research, society divides itself on the thought of whether animal testing is cruel. Are these tests cruel? Are these tests meant to intentionally hurt an animal? Testing can be painful for the animal, though it’s not meant to intentionally harm the subject. The research that is taken advances our knowledge of science and helps us learn about how are body changes, it finds the solution to curing diseases as well as discovering them, and gathers research to ensure the future of our well being is safe.
Experimentation has been performed on animals such as rats, mice, and primates in testing various products from cosmetics to drugs. The experimentation of animals usually involves pumping a substance into the animal’s stomach or applying it to the skin and eyes; they are confined to cages and not allowed the freedom of their natural way of life. According to a report by PETA (People for Ethical Treatment of Animals),” this causes great stress and discomfort to the animals (2011).” The animals may not die, but they are scared and maimed for the rest of their lives. Practices such as this are still used today even though there are cheaper and more conclusive ways of conducting this testing; in vitro (test tube), genomic, computer modeling technique, and human volunteering. These research methods are more humane, cost effective alternatives to animal testing. “The harms to the animal conflict with perceived societal benefits that will result if ...
“Speculation about whether or not acceptable standards in basic and applies research could have been achieved in the past by means other than the use of animals is less important than the question of assessing the consequences of continuing or abandoning animal experimentation now”. However, it is important to note that for every scientific discovery made using animal research, there are significantly more failed or ultimately, useless experiments. Considering the amount of scientific progression yearly stemming from animal research, in comparison to the 50-100 million animals used annually it is not clear that the ends justify the means, something many animal researchers will argue. “When a scientist begins her research, she cannot be certain what the benefits of her research will be or even if there will be any benefits;whereas she knows for sure that she will inflict suffering on some