-Background-
The history of Egypt is really ancient which can be traced back 7000 BC.’Over several thousand years, environmental changes and foreign influences molded the gradual development of a civilization that was, in the final analysis, distinctly and uniquely Egypt. In ancient Egypt, the egg was seen as a symbol of birth and resurrection, and indeed, Egypt was as an egg itself, nourishing its people from within, while providing a hard shell to protect them from outside hazards. As the savannahs dried up to become deserts, forcing their inhabitants into a more densely packed population, they also cradled and protected these people, allowing them to incubate along the rich, fertile Nile into the grand empire we find in later times.’[1].Egypt
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People want a new government to replace the Mubarak government and to end the corruption happened in the government. Egyptians want to change their living conditions. People gathered into major cities center and protest the government. Later, Mubarak government was pushed away by the military. And the military lays out a new plan to let people do a election to elect a new president of Egypt to end the situation which is very nervous and dangerous between government and people.Morsi finally won the election and became a kind of democratic president who was the first civilian leader in Egypt. People at beginning satisfied their own president who they elected.However, Morsi proposed a new draft constitution of the country. This time he made his people disappointed and he showed his ambitious on controlling this country. He made Egypt go back the dictatorial country. People restarted the protests. But government sent police to suppress protesters. There were riots and fight everyday, as well as the casualties.
‘“Women, Christians, intellectuals, all these were sidelined in the new constitution. They would say, ‘You can have liberty of expression, freedom, etc. — if it is in conformity with Sharia.’”
— Mona Makram-Ebeid, former member of Parliament (2011-2012)’[5]
Finally, the general of the military Sisi ordered Morsi to come up with a new solution or leave the office. Sisi became the president of Egypt and he helped this country transit to
At the beginning of the Suez Canal crisis many individuals felt hostility towards each other and the main concern was the ownership of the Suez Canal and to who exactly would gain the authority to run it on their own accord. In 1954 Gamal Abdul Nasser came to power in Egypt, he was once formally known as an Egyptian army officer, before becoming a politician. After the attack of the Israelis in Gaza, Egypt to protect Israel from hostility the Egyptians had been putting forward against them; many Egyptians felt hatred for the Egyptian king, this led to a democratic system being built and that was how Nasser came to power in a democratic society in which he was able to play on the hearts of Arab Nationalism. When the cold war began to surface Britain asked Egypt to join an anti-soviet alliance with them in times of need, for Egyptian Suez Canal was in the authority of Britain making Egypt an ally of the United Kingdom. Nasser refused saying t...
Overall, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi is working on reinstating the Egyptian government and the people of Egypt.
Egypt officially the Arab Republic associated with Egypt, is a transcontinental nation spanning the northeast portion of Africa and also southwest corner associated with Asia. It would be the world's only contiguous Eurafrasian nation. Most of Egypt's territory lies inside Nile Valley. Egypt is a Mediterranean country. Egypt has one of several longest histories associated with any modern area, arising in the particular tenth millennium BC as one of the world's first nation states. Ancient Egypt experienced lots of the earliest developments associated with writing, agriculture, urbanization, organized religion plus central government in history. Egypt is the predominantly Sunni Muslim area with Islam given that their states hope. The percentage
Any study on Modern Egyptian history naturally begins with Nasser, Egypt’s first President after the Free Officers revolution in 1952. Nasser was the foremost proponent of pan-Arabism, an ideology that called for close ties between the Arab states, presumably under the leadership of Egypt, one of the most powerful states in the Middle East at the time. Compared to other states in the Arab World, Nasser’s Egypt was stable, militarily powerful, and independent of foreign influence. From this position of re...
...d took control of the Gaza Strip once again. Anwar el-Sadat then became president after Gamal Abdel Nasser died in 1970. In an effort to take control of the Sinai Peninsula, Anwar el-Sadat attacked the Israelis. After a cease-fire, the United Nation’s troops then returned to keep things peaceful. Israel then later withdrew and was only allowed to use it for non-military purposes. In 1978 a peace treaty was established between Egypt and Israel which influenced more peace in the Middle East. Although a formal treaty was signed in 1979. In 1981 Sadat was assassinated and Mohamed Hosni Mubarak followed him in presidency. The Sinai Peninsula was then returned to Egypt in 1982 after the Israeli troops withdrew from the region. Mubarak embraced Sadat’s policies and managed to climb to the top and be once again making Egypt known as one of the leaders of the Arab world.
Wright, J, 'Mubarak Failed To Build Succession Framework', Reuters, 31 January 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011< http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/31/us-egypt-mubarak-succession-idUSTRE70U4KF20110131
The Egyptian January 2011 revolution initially created hopes that a genuine process of Egyptian democratization would take off under the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood, a religious, political and social movement. The June 2012 presidential elections, brought the group’s candidate, Mohamed Morsi, in office. While in power the Muslim Brotherhood kept and enforced many laws and articles from the old regime to maintain control of the country. The continuation of torture and murder behind bars under the Muslim Brotherhood disqualifies it as a rebellion as Camus clarifies, “to exist, man must rebel, but rebellion must respect the limit it discovers in itself”( Camus 22). On June 26, 2013, El Nadim Center for Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence, published a report in which it described torture during the first year of Brotherhood rule as “widespread and systematic.” “ The report documented 359 cases of torture and 217 cases of torture-related deaths over the period from June 30, 2012, to May 31, 2013” (Selim 193). The transgression in Muslim Brotherhood regime through the use of violence to punish it opponents oversteps the boundaries of a rebel. The main complaint of the Egyptians citizens was that the Muslim Brotherhood failed to live to its promise to get rid of authoritarianism and put Egypt on a path toward democracy. Under
to 2650 B.C., changed his name to the more commonly known Zoser. It was Zoser
The Egyptian military coup took place on July 3, 2013. Before this time, Egypt was under the leadership of Mohammed Morsi from the Freedom and Justice Party. Mr.Morsi was the first freely democrat elected president in the history of Egypt. Immediately after engineering the coup, the military leaders suspended the constitution and endorsed Adly Mansour as the temporary acting president. Even though observers clearly pointed out that the action by the military constituted a coup, the US government was reluctant to term it a coup. According to Reuters (par. 6), a US congressional delegation paid a visit to Egypt in January 2014, where they concluded that the country was on th...
In Egypt, the political system was based on a one man dictator, Hosni Mubarak, who held his regime for 30 years. He governed the citizens of Egypt, a...
Mubarak was a very powerful leader and let law become an arbitrary tool to govern people. Since 1981, Following Sadat's death, Mubarak became the fourth president of Egypt, and the chairman of the National Democratic Party (NDP). He was the longest serving Egyptian president and his term lasted 29 years. Hosni Mubarak and his N...
egypt had many different government officials some on a national level some on a regoinal level
When most people think of Egypt, images of barren deserts, towering pyramids, and ancient Pharaohs are the usual. However, almost 4 years ago a new face of Egypt was shown to the world, a face of the people. On January 25th, 2011 the Egyptian populace joined together in an attempt to overthrow Authoritarian President Hosni Mubarak by overtaking Tahrir Square in protest.
First off, the last thing Nasser and the Free Officers needed after the coup was a resurgence of the Wafd or problems of any other parties such as the communists or Muslim Brotherhood. At certain points during the coup and later dealing with the British, the Muslim Brotherhood and communists worked in conjunction and were even partially represented with the RCC (Thornhill 905) primarily due to the resentment for the current regime. To solve this however the Free Officers had to play it careful, it started out by keeping Ali Maher as prime minister, who talked of how the Free Officers involvement would only be brief and elections would soon be reinstated. This gave the British the idea that order was being kept in Egypt and Maher was for the most part in control, because of this the British wouldn’t see as much of a need to storm into Egypt and risk inciting anti-British riots.
Egypt has been thru an extremely rough, deadly and horrific revolution and it is still not over. However, it all started with a corrupt government not abiding by basic human, economic and property rights. Which then lead to a series of large protests. There was a large suicide bombing of a church that killed 21 people and injured 79, this bombing left many Christians completely livid and sent them on a rampage in Cairo. This bombing sort of sparked the revolution in Egypt. On February 11, 2011 President Mubarak announced that he was going to step down and the army council was going to take over, this happened because of the countless protests of people fighting, screaming and getting arrested for the President to do so. Many other protests and political moves occurred between the beginning of the revolution and now, but the current situation in Egypt consists of two conflicting things that they need to work out, one is that they need to restore economic stability. The other is that they need to create new jobs and make living out of poverty possible for the 26% that are living in it right now and the other 49% that can’t supply the basic the basic need for