Analysis of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol

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Analysis of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol

Charles Dickens, one of the greatest novelists in the English

language, was born in 1812 into a middle-class family of precarious

economic status. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay Office at the

time of Dickens's birth; by the time Charles was ten, however, his

father was in debtor's prison, a victim of bad luck, mismanagement,

and irresponsibility.

In order to help support the family during this time of crisis, young

Dickens went to work in the packing department of a factory that

manufactured blacking--a compound of charcoal, soot, sugar, oil, and

fat used to polish boots. This was a period of dirty and draining

labor which one critic has described as an experience of "heartrending

monotony and ignominy." Throughout his life Dickens would remember

the harshness of the working conditions imposed on himself and the

other boys in that blacking factory, and would direct much of his

energy as a writer and moralist toward the reform of such oppressive

conditions. He would also always resent the humiliation and pain

caused by his father's imprisonment, despising both the folly of his

parent and the cruelty of the legal system that punished it so

harshly.

Thus, Dickens's outlook on life was shaped by an intimate awareness of

poverty, filth, social humiliation, legal oppression, adult

irresponsibility, and industrial squalor. It was also shaped by a

powerful sympathy for the victims of these forces.

Following the dire experiences of his childhood, Dickens moved on to

more rewarding forms of employment, becoming a clerk in a law office,

a newspaper reporter, and a recorder of Parliamentary debates.

Eventually he began to publish sketches and stories, a...

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...economic

thinkers of Dickens's day, did nothing that was not ultimately

motivated by material self-interest. Scrooge is the reduction ad

absurdum of that concept. In Scrooge, Dickens suggests, we have the

paradigm of pure capitalist acquisitiveness, and in creating such a

frightful figure, Dickens also presents a criticism of the system.

Thus, the story is also an exploration of the influence of social and

economic structures and institutions on human morality. In the

character of Scrooge, Dickens shows us how such systems can pervert

the people who invent and operate them.

And as we consider the criticism of unrestrained capitalism in A

Christmas Carol, we ought to remember that Dickens's story belongs to

the same era as another work on that subject, The Communist Manifesto

by Karl Marx, written in 1848, five years after Scrooge embraced

Christmas.

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