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The Downfall of Camila With the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, many individuals took this opportunity to expand their standings within society. Men sought to overthrow the tyrannical government and redistribute the land evenly amongst all Mexicans. Mariano Azuela in The Underdogs describes the adventures of a successful rebel group who undergoes a mission to eliminate Federales forces. Women, on the other hand, sought to expand their rights with society and to break the norms established. The women who decided to join the combat roles were referred to as Las Soldaderas. Their primary mission was to establish equality amongst men and to gain more rights. Contrary to popular belief, many famous rebellion leaders such as Pancho Villa were Pre-Revolution, women were expected to work “in the home and in the fields with their men and wielding little political, economic, or social clout” (Minster). During the Mexican Revolution, women typically chose to either fight in the conflicts to advance their rights or to take a submissive role and accept status quo. Azuela portrays her as an innocent, sweet girl, who would lower her eyes when addressing the men. The author also portrays Camila as the cultural norm provided by Gloria Anzaldua. In Borderlands La Frontera, Gloria Anzaldua states, “The [Mexican] culture and Church insist that women are subservient to males” (39). Camila, like many other women within the conflict, took the role as a support figure with her refusal to join the battles. These women typically were submissive to their male counterparts and provided medical attention to soldiers, carried equipment for them, cooked meals, and gathered supplies for the missions (Fernandez 56). Azuela portrays Camila as an easily manipulated character who is forced to become Demetrio’s woman and to bed with him. She eventually accepts her fate and plays her role as Demetrio’s woman. Eventually Cervantes convinces Camila to join him in going back to the rebel forces Azuela shows these impacts by the progression of Camila, from a sweet innocent woman, to joining the rebel forces, and lastly to being killed. Symbolically, Azuela kills off Camila almost immediately upon her rise to power and drops her from the novel’s plot. This shows the how insignificant of an impact that women had on the battles, and how easily they were forgotten after death. Women still struggle today with gaining equal rights and treatment within the Mexican culture. It has taken nearly 70 years for women to gain equality with men in the workforce, gaining rights such as voting, and having a shared family responsibility with the male figure (Global). Unfortunately, many women within the working-class household still suffer from the traditional norms and values regarding the roles of men and women. In addition, these women were often subjected to control, domination, and violence by men” (Global). This validates Azuela’s stance on how women should stay within their traditional roles because fighting for equality has been ineffective even still
In the novel, Under the Feet of Jesus, (Viramontes) I have focused on the female gender role that Estrella and both Cleofilas face in different situations of their life in relation to labor. Estrella, is one of the main characters that I’m writing about. She learns quickly what hard labor really is. She learns at an early age of thirteen what female and male gender roles consist of. She works inside of her family’s homes by washing the dishes, looking after the children and then working out in the hot fields picking grapes for her and family to survive.
Both Dumas and Cordero are growing up in a culture that is different from their parents’; this difference is one reason why both girls have a feeling of ‘otherness.’ Even though both girls feel a struggle between their heritage and the American culture they live in, they deal with this struggle in dissimilar ways. Although Cordero does love her family, she feels as though she is trapped by her Mexican heritage. She is surrounded by Mexican-American females who are oppressed, unsatisfied, and often longing for a different life. We get many stories of her grandmother, cousins, and neighbors who are stuck in a place of discontent with no way out; and she does not be part of an endless loop of females who are under the control of men.
The novel, The Underdogs by Mariano Azuela is a great perception of the Mexican Revolution. The stories of exploits and wartime experiences during the Mexican Revolution was fundamentally driven by the men. The war was between the people and the government. Throughout the novel, these men had to isolate themselves from their families and battle for a cause they greatly believed in. Even with not enough resources, the people were able to fight aggressively in order to overthrow the government. Regardless of the men who were at war, there were two females who played a significant role in the Mexican Revolution, Camila and War Paint. While the representation Mariano Azuela captures these ladies and their role in society are accurate, he neglects
In The Underdogs written by Mariano Azuela, we are introduced to a character that strongly symbolizes the fuel of the Mexican Revolution. Heroes like Demetrio Macias brought the Serrano’s hope of giving them what they felt they truly deserved. Although Demetrio Macias, the general (colonel) of a rebel army is hunting down the army of Pancho Villa, he seems to have the same ideals as the enemy. In addition to Demetrio Macias, we meet women like Camilla and War Paint who represent the different roles that women played during the Mexican Revolution.
Rather, it criticizes this culture through its portrayal of women. The narrative is focused on a male and is told by a male, which reflects the male-centered society it is set in. However, when we compare how the narrator views these women to who they really are, the discrepancies act as a critique on the Dominican culture. Yunior, who represents the typical Dominican male, sees women as objects, conquests, when in fact their actions show their resistance to be categorized as such. Beli, whose childhood was filled with male domination by Trujillo and the family she worked for, attempts to gain power through sexuality, the avenue the culture pushes women toward. This backfires, creating a critique of the limited opportunities available for women. La Inca portrays a different side to this, working quietly but in ways that are not socially acceptable through self-employment. Society attempts to cage these women, but they continue to fight against it. Diaz, in an interview, quoted James Baldwin, stating, “Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced" (Fassler). He exhibits the misogyny in the system but does not support it, rather critiques it through strong female characters. By drawing attention to the problem, the novel advocates for change. Diaz writes, at the end of part 1, “Nothing more exhilarating… than saving yourself by the simple act of waking”
Martinez, Demetria. 2002. “Solidarity”. Border Women: Writing from la Frontera.. Castillo, Debra A & María Socorro Tabuenca Córdoba. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 168- 188.
Aztec women embarked on several defining moments of labor, gender, class, symbolism, and political power in the Aztec Mexico history and culture. The roles of the Aztec women were unjustly marginalized. Their contributions to the work activities, economy, government and the influence of growth and development were grossly deceptive in the Ethnohistoric documents. Moreover, the variations of Aztec women cooking and weaving revolutionized gender.
In 1910, the first social upheaval of the 20th century was unleashed in Mexico. Known as the Mexican Revolution, its historical importance and impact inspired an abundance of internationally renowned South American authors. Mariano Azuela is one of these, whose novel, "The Underdogs" is often described as a classic of modern Hispanic literature. Having served as a doctor under Pancho Villa, a revolutionary leader of the era, Azuela's experience in the Revolution provides The Underdogs with incomparable authenticity of the political and social tendencies of the era between 1910 and 1920. The Underdogs recounts the living conditions of the Mexican peasants, the corruption of the government troops, and the revolutionary zeal behind the inspiring causes of the revolution. In vivid detail and honest truth, Azuela reveals the actuality of the extent of turmoil that plagued Mexico and its people during the revolution. However, before one can acknowledge The Underdogs as a reflection of the Mexican Revolution one must have an understanding the political state of Mexico prior to the Revolution and the presidents who reigned during it.
The article entitled “Women and the Subversion of the Community”, written by Mariarosa Dalla Costa and Selma James, goes in depth about women’s roles in society in the past and present and how to change for the better in the future. A few of the specific points discussed in this article include what women’s roles in society tend to be and why, how women have struggled to break this stereotype and how no matter what women do, men are always in charge on some if not all levels. Each of these major discussion points is also exemplified through the culture and life style of Las Cholitas shown in the documentary “The Fighting Cholitas”.
Intertwined in allusions to women of Mexican history and folklore, making it clear that women across the centuries have suffered the same alienation and victimization, Cisneros presents a woman who struggles to prevail over romantic notions of domestic bliss by leaving her husband. In the story Woman Hollering Creek, Sandra Cisneros discusses the issues of living life as a married woman through a character named Cleófilas; a character who is married to a man who abuses her physically and mentally. Cisneros reveals the way the culture puts a difference between a male and a female, men above women. In Woman Hollering Creek, we see a young Mexican woman, who suddenly moves across the border and gets married. The protagonist, Cleófilas’ character is based on a family of a six brothers and a dad and without a mom, and the story reveals around her inner feelings and secrets.
It is all a game, the institutions that individuals live in and system they abide to is a game. One could assume their fate is determined by personal choices and opportunities, but there is more that comes to play, especially when one is black in America. The system is rigged against African Americans and in Topdog/Underdog, Suzan-Lori Parks uses her characters, Lincoln and Booth, to explain the unjust, racist system that puts down Black people. She uses a card game to explain how the system is unfair and how people fall into traps of the system, and at the end, implies that an unjust system can lead to violence.
In the Book women are looked upon as objects by men whether they are boyfriends, friends fathers or husbands. The girls in the novel grow up with the mentality that looks and appearance are the most important things to a woman. Cisneros also shows how Latino women are expected to be loyal to their husbands, and that a husband should have complete control of the relationship. Yet on the other hand, Cisneros describes the character Esperanza as being different. Even though she is born and raised in the same culture as the women around her, she is not happy with it, and knows that someday she will break free from its ties, because she is mentally strong and has a talent for telling stories. She comes back through her stories by showing the women that they can be independent and live their own lives. In a way this is Cinceros' way of coming back and giving back to the women in her community.
When drastic changes are needed to be done for equal opportunities and a better chance for the future a revolt is bound to happen. So with the Mexican revolution going on and men off to fight, the women faced many personal and governmental issues at home. Eventually being mobilized through political destruction, women were able to change the roles they were perceived, restrictions amongst them lessened, and Hermila Galindo became a huge factor with it all as she had political connections. In the end, the women of Mexico were bounded successfully in which they change how they were look upon among men and the rest of Latin America.
...field against the opposition forces, but essentially battled against the past stereotypes that demeaned their limitations as humans. Both as a camp aide like the Adelitas or a combatant like the Soldaderas, women liberated themselves from the restraints in their lives and successfully achieved equality with men. The women who took on the political edge to the revolution committed themselves to attain the equality they deserved. When the objectives of the feminist groups were met in the Mexican Revolution, ultimate success was achieved for all. Unfortunately, the participation of women in the Mexican Revolution is often overlooked, unlike that of Pancho Villa or Emiliano Zapata. However, women truly were successful in the revolution and it is unfortunate to see that the numerous gains in achieving complete rights for females during the Revolution are disregarded.
In Latin America, women are treated differently from men and children. They do lots of work for unexplainable reasons. Others for religious reasons and family orders and others because of the men involved. Women are like objects to men and have to obey their orders to either be rich or to live. Some have sex to get the men’s approval, others marry a rich man that they don’t even know very well, and become slaves. An important book called Chronicles of a Death Foretold is an example of how these women are treated. Purisima del Carmen, Angela Vicario's mother, has raised Angela and her sisters to be good wives. The girls do not marry until late in life, rarely socializing beyond the outsides of their own home. They spend their time sewing, weaving, washing and ironing. Other occupations include arranging flowers, cleaning up the house, and writing engagement letters to other men. They also keep the old traditions alive, such as helping the sick, comforting the dying, and covering the dead. While their mother believes they are perfect, men view them as too tied to their women's traditions. The men are afraid that the women would pay more attention to their job more than the men. Throughout the book, the women receive the respect they deserve from the men and others around them.