Other than that, there is no doubt that Journalism of Attachment is very persuasive, but it is criticized for only focusing on human-interest stories, consequently giving less attention to the bigger picture. Karoline von Oppen (2009, p. 10) argues “that paradoxically the Journalism of Attachment made us all bystanders to an alien war which meant that we could absolve all responsibility for its origins and representations” as these human-interest stories only serve to function as a desensitizing apparatus, until the audiences accept that the only solution is military solution (von Oppen 2009) or known as ‘humanitarian intervention’. And as mentioned above, such examples from the past has clearly shown how prominent news network would manipulate news to win audiences over. But in Martin Bell’s defence, it was due to the 1991 Gulf War where the focus was mainly on weaponry and military strategies, so he had to change the focus of the mainstream media towards a more humane approach.
For an example on how these human-interest stories on desensitize, a former BBC Africa correspondent, George Alagiah, reported on famines, especially in a small town of Tonji. In his first news report, he was sure to include in pictures of what famine looks like so that the audiences would identify and recognize it, and for his second, he included interviews from prominent figures, which he thought was more insightful. But the response he got after was that people only remembered the first news report. Alagiah believes that human rights is an absolute truth and demands that the audiences understand, “but he is aware that this is not at all what his audiences seem to do, instead of adopting a rigorous ethical stance, his audiences and listeners instead...
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...a frenzy, but “if either side had paid more attention to conflict issues, their reporting would have been more accurate” (Lynch 2007, p. 9).
Other critics like Thomas Hanitzsch is often found to disagree with the notion of peace journalism. Galtung accuses the traditional views of journalism to be distorting reality, but paradoxically here as well, peace journalism shifts the focus of its news from the bigger picture to a definitive problem (Hanitzsch 2005). Similar to von Oppen and Loyn, Hanitzsch argues that the chain of events created by a peace journalist could actively be contrary. Hanitzsch gives an example from two Indonesian newspaper who chose to skip reports on the Ambon conflict, because if they did not, the report could have sparked emotions on support or violent groups, which consequently making the newspapers themseves under threat (Hanitzsch 2005).
Relationships are the building block for personality and are significant in children’s ability to grow into substantial individuals who can thrive in an often harsh world. Constructing lasting and fulfilling relationships is an integral part to development as the interpersonal bonds forged are not only highly sought after but also set the ground work for all upcoming expressive interactions. Relationships and attachment go hand in hand as attachment is the strong and lasting linkage established between a child and his or her caregiver. Moreover, attachment significantly influences a large capacity of ones make up as it these first relationships that teaches morals, builds self-esteem, and develops a support system. The pioneers of Attachment Theory realized early on that human beings are not solely influenced by drives but that the earliest bonds formed by children with their caregivers greatly impact their ability to forge lasting relationships later in life. John Bowlby was first to introduce this theory to the masses in the 1950’s, and later Mary Ainsworth conducted further research to expand on Bowlby’s theory which proclaims that attachment is a “lasting psychological connectedness between human beings” (Bowlby, 1969, p. 194). The attachment bond theory by both Bowlby and Ainsworth focuses on the significance of the relationship between babies and their caretakers which research has suggested is accountable for influencing impending interactions, firming or injuring our capabilities to concentrate, being aware of our emotional states, self-soothing capabilities, and the capacity to be resilient in the face of hardship. Additionally, this research has provided a framework for assisting in describing these att...
Wang’s studies have shown that news industries are now tabloidizing news because it elicits the attention of their viewers. Now the only thing considered as “entertainment” in the news is “crimes, accidents, and disasters”. Wangs writes “News that bleeds seem to still lead the primary broadcasts” (Wang 722). People nowaday only tune in when a disaster has occurred and anything other that is not “interesting”. Unfortunately, people would rather watch Isis in action then heard about Obama releasing innocent victims from prison. The reporter in “Gray Noise” proves Wang’s words true when he records on his lens about a mother who had just lost her
398).It is also stated that news divisions reduced their costs, and raised the entertainment factor of the broadcasts put on air. (p. 400). Secondly, the media determines its sources for stories by putting the best journalists on the case and assign them to areas where news worthy stories just emanates. (p.400). Third, the media decides how to present the news by taking the most controversial or relevant events and compressing them into 30 second sound-bites. (p.402). finally, the authors also explain how the media affects the general public. The authors’ state “The effect of one news story on public opinion may be trivial but the cumulative effect of dozens of news stories may be important. This shows a direct correlation between public opinions and what the media may find “relevant”. (Edwards, Wattenberg, Lineberry, 2015, p.
To begin with, it is very important to bring up media bias and the news representations of war. As some may know, "during times of war when the government puts pressure on the media to support its pro-war stance and help to mobilize public support in their readers, viewers, and listeners. (Edkins, Zehfuss 157, 158). This phrase is essentially explaining that the news media many of the times will present a biased opinion for their government during times of war, but in this case an escalated crisis within Ukraine, where the actions and risks are still being considered by all countries. Why this is important to bring up, is because this paper may contain several news articles sources from such countries that may present a biased opinion against Ukraine and Russia. However, this will not necessarily sway the momentum of the paper to provide an anti-Russian perspective. That is not the point of the paper. It is still very possible for the media to argue against the media bias of the...
In April of 2017, Jorge Ramos gave a TED talk titled, “Why Journalists Have an Obligation to Challenge Power.” Ramos is an immigrant and journalist who introduces the idea that the responsibility and purpose of journalism is to oppose those
According to the text “ there were relatively few stories or images focusing on aging, poverty, isolation, crime and fear, and the ethno racial, or gender distribution of mortality, morbidity, and access to care.” They went to the extreme by looking for more information and pictures with people in body bags to put on their front page. People use the media as their information source to guide them on what is going on in their countries and around the world. What is portrayed in the media is often taken as true even if it actually is not completely accurate. Throughout the text it was clear to see that there is pressure when it comes to the media. News reporter often think about what they are going to present to the public because it has to be brain washing and appealing, but they also want to keep their connections to sources such as public officials. This means what they end up reporting is effected by what public officials will approve of, to make them look
The media takes a biased approach on the news that they cover, giving their audience an incomplete view of what had actually happened in a story. Most people believe that they are not “being propagandized or being in some way manipulated” into thinking a certain way or hearing certain “truths” told by their favorite media outlets (Greenwald 827). In reality, everyone is susceptible to suggestion as emphasized in the article “Limiting Democracy: The American Media’s World View, and Ours.” The
Self-motivation and determination are two of the main ideals of being journalist. If a journalist does not have the desire to find and report a story, he has no career. A journalist depends on finding the facts, getting to the bottom of the story and reporting to the public, whether it’s positive or negative. Janet Malcom states in the book The Journalist and the Murderer, “Every journalist who is not too stupid or too full of himself to notice what is going on knows that what he does is morally indefensible.” (Malcolm, 3) Her starting words speak volumes about “the Journalist and the Murderer” and the lessons that can be learned.
The war in Iraq is accompanied by a tremendous amount of propaganda from both sides. Propaganda comes in the form of quotes, articles, advertisements, documentaries, and even movies (Levinson). Before America engaged in the war with Iraq, many new documentaries were aired during primetime to show the sufferings of Iraqi citizens under the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein. It sent a message t...
For example, Magai & Passman (1997) discovered a strong relationship between secure attachments and emotional well-being of middle aged adults, which extends to individuals later in life. Understanding the role of attachment and its psychosocial impact during later life is an important area that needs further research. In regards to TMT, close relationships offer security, protection, and give meaning to life (Mikulincer, Florian, & Hirschberger, 2003).
...ers need no substantial ideologies and beliefs to run a country. As long as they create a “performance”, they can be trusted. In addition to being glamorous, a newscaster’s job is to simply report, free of all emotional ties from the story. If a reporter were to show any signs of terror or inflict a concerned tone of voice, the viewer would be quite disconcerted. “Viewers, after all, are partners with the newscasters in the “Now…This” culture, and they expect the newscaster to play out his or her role as a character who is marginally serious but who stays well clear of authentic understanding” (104). If story is in fact, grave, the audience will not perceive it that way because of the constant commercials and discontinuities throughout the program. Unlike a book that maintains a consistent tone and continuity of content, this is not the expectation of television.
Attachment is described as the close emotional bond between two people and Attachment Theory (AT) generally concentrates on the early bonds in a person’s development as well as the effects that these bonds have on later socio-emotional development. While emphasis on attachment as an antecedent for future behavior and personality has decreased somewhat in recent years, it is interesting to note that the DSM IV-TR includes a “reactive attachment disorder” which it states is caused when extreme circumstances prevent proper attachment development.
Minimizing harm done by journalism in times of war is a difficult task. Naturally, there are bits of information that the government needs to keep secret for one reason or another. There is also the danger of victims' stories being exploited and sensationalized. The SPJ's Code of Ethics recommends that journalists should "treat sources, subjects and colleagues as human beings worthy of respect" (Society). During the extreme...
News is extremely subjective, especially when determining what order a news bulletin should go in and what stories to pick. Often news falls into one or more categories (Harcup, 2009, P43), which are based on what will interest a particular audience. Every week in our news days, we would discuss the order in which our stories would go and also how interesting the story is to our viewer. Often, stories that are more accessible and have better pictures tend to be higher in the bulletin. However, news which often affects more people will make the top bulletin. With news being so subjective, it reframes the viewer from accessing this eliminating process. Often, stories that are more effective and interesting to the viewer are eliminated as finding the person or pictures may prove difficult. This can inflict a very narrow-minded view of the world to the viewer as they are only viewing what we decide is newsworthy, whereas if they had seen the bulletin, they may have argued for other stories to make the news.
In this era of globalization, news reporting is no longer just a means of communications, but it has also developed into a tool for change. Prominent journalists like Julian Assange, Nick Davies, Sir Charles Wheeler and many more has changed the landscape and outcomes of information, war and news reporting itself. But Martin Bell has challenged the fundamentals of journalism that is to be balanced and impartial with what he calls ‘Journalism of Attachment’. He even coined the phrase, ‘bystanders’ journalism’ for continuing the tradition of being distant and detached (Bell 1997), which he criticizes “for focusing with the circumstances of violence, such as military formations, weapons, strategies, maneuvers and tactics” (Gilboa 2009, p. 99). Therefore it is the aim of this essay to explain whether it is ethical for reporters to practice what Martin Bell calls the Journalism of Attachment by evaluating its major points and its counterarguments, and assessing other notions of journalism such as peace journalism.