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Flint michigan water crisis research paper
The doctrine of ethos
Flint michigan water crisis research paper
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In the matter of seconds the people of Flint had their lives take a turn for the worse. Once what happened had finally been brought to the public’s attention, the word began to spread very quickly about the water that had been found to contain lead and was a clearly a threat to the people who had consumed it. People started talking about what could have been going wrong, and what could have caused this to happen. That is what lead me to this article that goes into the assumptions of Governor Snyder lying about what he knew about the water and when he found out. Even though this article is about the city of Flint, it has three different types of audiences. There is the direct audience which is obviously the people of flint. People who read this article and are able to help to are considered the indirect audience. Lastly the audience of people nationally hearing and reading about this situation. For that reason this article has relevant pictures, such as pictures of the discolored water. This helps it to be readable for all types of readers. It also gives the audience a glimpse at the current situation. In this article, the rhetorical devices of ethos, pathos and logos are used to make creditable, have an emotional connection and give evidence of the crisis. Ethos is something that makes the article creditable. Or what gives the author the right to be saying what he/she is saying. This article was revolved around the interview that was done with Governor Snyder. That is why they were able to quote what he was saying about the situation and have a file with his emails on them. This makes it clear to the audience that what is being said is true. That is why ethos, that make the article creditable, actually make the article better fo... ... middle of paper ... ...devices all work together in one way or another as well. It could also be, the author uses one rhetorical device to prove another one. For example, one way they work together is, when showing a picture of the nasty water in the article, it is pathos because seeing the picture will make readers feel disgust and sadness. Pictures are considered logos, which is why having it also intertwines logos in the mix. Ethos are pulled in the picture because it is relying on the evidence. The picture is evidence that this is not just some pitty article, it 's truly happening. It is a great article for the fact it lets a reader find their own opinion without forcing the opinion on them. This article not only informs the readers about what is going on but encourages them to donate water to Flint to make the slightest difference to the donator, but a huge difference to the receiver.
Ethos is a category that appeals to connecting one thing to another to help advertise the product.Resse's uses this tactic by including the pretty well -known rapper Mr.lupo linking the fans of mr.lupo to the cereal.People who watch the commercial will recognize mr.lupo and will want to buy the cereal from the commercial he's in.Connecting the two products together gets out more publicity for and the said product.Ethos is efficient in the process of linking two different subjects so they benefit each other.
Stone uses ethos less frequently then logos. In the article, Stone’s ethos is accomplished by using a real life example when he stated, “Consider just one example: A doctor I know recently submitted a referral for a costly MRI scan for a 46-year-old woman with a week
Logos means the persuading by the use of reasoning. For example, “ No one even knows whether salmon can even survive in the lower San Joaquin, which has temperatures more suitable for bass and bluegill, (McEwen 1).” The quote is clearly a display of logos because the author demonstrates to the reader that the government does not even make sure the salmon can survive in the lower San Joaquin, which then convinces the reader the project is not well thought out and cannot be trusted. I agree with the author’s viewpoint because if the government was really interested in the benefits for people, the representatives would have looked into all the details necessary to be able to succeed with the project. Another example of the author stating logos on his article for the reader to get a better understanding of what the government really cares for is, “Besides, scientific evidence suggests that California’s salmon problems have been caused in large part by oceanic conditions and the environmental mess that is the San Joaquin-Sacramento Delta (McEwen 1).” This quote is an alternative representation of logos since it proves a fact. The fact makes the reader extra believable since he uses scientific evidence about California’s salmon problems. It is clear to me the position that is superior to the other one because there have been numerous studies proving this project will
When using quotes, the author can show that he has done research because he pulled the quotes from multiple sources. An example of this ethos is on page 32 chapter two, it states “Tolstoy once wrote what fascinated him about war was “its reality” – not the strategies of generals or the maneuvers of troops but the “actual killings”. “He was more interested to know in what way and under the influence of what feelings one soldier kills another”. This is a prime example of ethos because it evokes the emotion of the reader, not only this but it talks about emotion which is in fact ethos. For an example of logos, the reader can look at page 250 paragraph one, the example is that of the death toll of the Union soldiers.
To begin, ethos is the appeal to credibility. Ethos use of persuasion to show the writer has a full knowledge of what is being said. Amanda Coyne displays this rhetorical device when she notes she has a family member is prison. This small amount of information credits her knowledge on the emotional effects and the experiences one may have inside a federal prison visitation room. Ethos also promotes the ethical appeal to the reader through the text. For example,“The Long Goodbye: Mother’s Day in Federal Prison” tells the tale of a woman in jail for conspiracy. “Ten years. That boyfriend talked and got three years. She didn 't know anything. Had nothing to tell them. They gave her ten years. And they called it conspiracy. Conspiracy? Aren 't there real criminals out there?” (62). This pulls the reader to start to question the ethics of the justice system and if the system truly beneficial to all who fall under and are held accountable to its standards. Amanda Coyne puts this litotes into this essay to make you question if this woman is a criminal or someone who was caught up in the wrong place and couldn 't get
Ending homelessness will be a huge challenge for Flint/Genesee County just like it will be for the rest of the U.S (Walker S & Hutchison, n.d). This is because of the economic conditions that continue to decline while communities struggle with increased unemployment, dilapidated housing and shortage of affordable housing. Flint/Genesee County faces a crisis because of the declining job markets as a result of jobs that are either closing or relocating, which include Delphi or General Motors plants, which are located in the county. Unemployment remains one of the main causes of homelessness. Other causes include lack of harmonization in the discharge policy between the county and the state, insufficient affordable and safe housing, cuts in funding, local government’s lack of commitment and decline in available private resources have also contributed greatly. 30% of all the housing stock in the City of Flint is in rundown condition.
Ethos: A key element of ethos is the speaker credibility. Ethos is also created when the writer is an expert and/or the writer uses evidence from reliable source Autism speaks a non-profit organization is providing first responders training at the national level is an important step towards increasing the safety of the autism community, by ensuring that first responders have the tools they need to effectively responds to an an emergency involving a child with autism (Autism Speaks, 2017).
An example of Moss’s outstanding usage of ethos, pathos, and logos is Jeffrey Dunn’s story. Dunn held an executive position at Coca-Cola in 2001, when the main company goal was to drive Coca-Cola into poorer areas. On a business trip to Brazil, Dunn realized that “these people need a lot of things, but they don’t need a Coke” and decided to push the company in a healthier direction. This choice led to Dunn’s eventual firing (491-494). This story not only appeals to pathos by getting to readers’ emotions, but also to ethos and logos because Dunn is a credible source and gives an authentic experience that adds to the credible feel of the article. (very good info./analysis, keep but
The Flint water crisis would be one of the most critical things today in michigan. It’s critical for young children not to get lead exposure they should be screened from the lead and lead levels in children's bodies as well. (National Center for Healthy Housing) The water needs to be treated with which it will increase the corrosiveness and potentially further erode any lead piping. (Duke) The People in Flint are a facing with not be able to drink water, and shower. All of these things that happened are critical factors of what is happening in the Flint water crisis today. (Reveal)
Authors have many strategies when it comes to winning over their readers and on some occasions may even target their opponents, to make them look bad, in an attempt to make themselves look better. In the articles by Steve Greenberg and Michael Weinreb we will look at the way authors constrict articles to get readers to side with opinion by appealing to a person through logos, pathos, ethos, and the use of rhetorical devices. Greenberg use of a logical fallacy, using a rhetorical device against his friend, and his own use of rhetorical devices in order to convince reader through by ethos of how awful his friend and cardinal fans are, while Weinreb focuses on logos, a logical fallacy, and rhetorical devices to strengthen
Ethos is established right in the beginning of the film by having an accredited neurologist from Harvard University, Joshua Buckholtz, talk about the issue at hand and how he has been studying this topic for years and trying to find a correlation with the brains of rampage killers working differently as opposed to your typical human being. There were several other examples of ethos with many psychologists adding to the topic. There was a juvenile detention center talked about in the film that deals with kids who struggle with violence and acting out and it is ran by a psychologists who tries to
She uses testimonial device to bring in the well-known reliable source known as Llewellyn Hinkes-Jones from “The Atlantic” to help support her case. She uses pathos to appeal to her audience’s emotions by pulling on their heartstrings. She uses the logos to provide support to her article which she means to convince her audience by use of logic, reason, or statistics. She uses euphemism to make something harsh or distasteful sound in a somewhat positive way. She uses ethos to convince her audience of her credibility. There are very few weaknesses in her article which are greatly outweighed by the many strengths in
This is another use of pathos and ethos that the author uses in the article. “Just the possibility of change emboldened the Brevard County Commission to consider removal of some boat speed restrictions in the county 's intracoastal waterways favored by manatees. It is an ill-considered move. Even with speed limits in place, boats killed 10 manatees in Brevard waters last year. Manatee advocates fear such actions will be repeated statewide if the manatee is downlisted.” The author uses ethos to make his article sound more credible, however, when he states “boats killed 10 manatees in Brevard waters last year” it sounds trustworthy since there is a number of how many manatees were killed by boats last year but the author does not state his source of where he got this number. For pathos, “Manatee advocates fear such actions will be repeated statewide if the manatee is downlisted” this sentence appeals to manatee advocates and other readers. It is showing that manatees advocates are afraid if nothing is done about the downlisting of the manatees, there is a possibility that the manatees can go
The water crisis in Flint Michigan began as early as was as April of 2014. The crisis is concerning a small town called Flint, located at the bottom right of michigan were the majority of the population is African American. The issue began when the town 's water supply witch in past use to come from the detroit river water supply was switched over to the Flint river water supply. People soon began to complain about the taste, smell, and color of the tap water, and of symptoms such as hair loss and rashes from bathing in the water. Even though there were many signs that the water was indeed contaminated, such as when a General Motors plant in Flint stopped using municipal water in October of 2014, claiming that it corroded car parts, the government officials stated that the water was not a threat to the public 's health and safety. However it was later revealed that the water was in fact unhealthy, and contained too much lead. The issue was brought to the eyes of the public when Lee Anne Walters, a Flint resident. This mother of four had seen her family suffer from various alarming symptoms, including abdominal pains, hair loss, and rashes; she also has a son who showed signs of developmental problems. She decided to switch her family to bottled water, and the symptoms abated. Finally, in February of 2015, she demanded that the city test the tap water. A federal investigation was launched and the results came back shocking. The water was extremely toxic containing 400 parts per billion of lead. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there is no safe level of lead in drinking water, but the maximum allowed by law is 15 parts per billion. Virginia Tech professor and engineer Marc Edwards, an expert on municipal w...
Fake news has been successful in the last few years because of the content it provides, which most of the time is designed to catch the attention of the readers. In this particular article about a sex trafficking victim who believed she was being tracked, one can see how fake news differs from real news. The article called “They Thought She Was Crazy: Doctor Extracts RFID Chip from Sex Traffic Victim” was published in Before It’s News. The article does not have specific names or dates to prove that the article is real. According to the Society of Professional Journalists, real news authors need to identify their sources clearly (“Code of Ethics”). However, this article does not contain any sources. Also, the lack of organization, grammar and vocabulary does not meet genre expectations. While this article fails to meet genre expectations in a number of ways, I am going to focus on its misuse of pathos and logos. In the article, the author irresponsibly uses pathos and logos. The author takes