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Improvisation in jazz music essay
Improvisation in jazz music essay
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My research question was, what jazz techniques did Sidney Bechet use and how can I use these to compose my own clarinet piece? There were different research processes used to find the answer to my question and they were: the internet, books, an interview, videos and music. These processes were useful to me as the information was accessed easily and effectively. Each process was used to find a different aspect of my research and allowed me to discover different angles and opinions on the topic. Using books, interviews and videos were new research processes for me and I discovered that they are very useful when conducting the research for this topic.
To understand Bechet’s music and his love for jazz learning about his life or career will make
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Melodically, jazz gets its sound from blues scales. While it can be composed, arranged and written down jazz is essentially an improvised music (Ardley, et al., 1977). One of the key findings from the research was the jazz techniques Sidney Bechet applied to his music. From listening to his music on the Best of Sidney Bechet CD, it is evident the most common techniques found were: vibrato, bending notes, repetition, imitation, small runs and trills. This was discovered by aurally analysing the music and was useful to my research as to write in Bechet’s style the techniques need to be known as they will be used when composing. Bechet used improvisation in his music which is a common jazz technique. Improvisation in jazz music is commonly based on blues scales. Bechet’s techniques can be used in any genre but are most common in jazz music. After studying some of Bechet’s written music (18 songs), I discovered that he wrote most commonly in the key of G major which has an F#, with Bb major which as a Bb and Eb, coming in secondly most used (Patrick Moulou Book Makers , 2015). He liked to use quavers, triplets, key changes, time signature changes and accidentals. These are commonly used in all types of jazz music. Bechet is recognised through the wailing cry of the vibrato he plays on his soprano saxophone therefore this is his most used
Cool jazz and Bebop are two very different types of music, but they are under the same umbrella of jazz. Bebop was developed somewhere in the 1940s, and was characterized by very fast tempos, complex and very quick chord progressions, as well as heavy improvisation. Due to the high difficulty, bebop musicians tended to be virtuosic in their instrument. Cool jazz was also developed somewhere in the 1940s, but was applied the name “cool jazz” in the 1950s. This new style was an antithesis in a way to bebop, as it was characterized by slower, more “cool” tempos, smooth melodies that were not sporadic, and an overall sense of smooth motion and a feeling of flowing. While these two styles were developed around the same time period, they are both very different to each other in a lot of ways.
Jazz music of the 1940’s and 1950’s was defined by a history of change since its beginning at the dawn of the 20th century. Almost every decade brought a new flavor to the movement, and by the 1940’s jazz had developed into a mature, complex form of music, with many nuances and avenues for continued change. It is important to trace the early movements in jazz to better understand the innovations of the Bebop and Cool jazz eras of the 40’s and 50’s.
Jazz also produced noted trumpeter, Louis Armstrong. Talented black artists were looking for an identity and something that was different from the pop culture of Rock and Roll and Jazz was the answer. Jazz became prominent during a period of comprehensive artistic and political uproar among African Americans. The by-product of Jazz was Bebop. Bebop is a style of jazz characterized by a fast tempo, instrumental virtuosity and improvisation based on the combination of harmonic structure and sometimes references to the melody. Bebop music was a form of jazz that for African Americans was art. Bebop was a conscious attempt to provide new channels of creativeness for African Americans. Famous artists such as Dizzy Gillespie became the icons of Bebop and are still celebrated to this day. Jazz truly shaped the African American life.
This Latin effect on be-bop was not easy or natural as most Afro-Cuban musicians were used with playing with larger ensembles like Stan Kenton, Machito and even Duke Ellington. We can see the innovation and difficulty in the Dizzy Gillespie’s recollection of allowing Pozo into his small jazz band “Chano was the first conga player to play with a jazz band, and he was very unusual about playing with an understanding. There were certain things about our music that he didn’t understand.” Pozo “wasn’t a writer, but stone African. He knew rhythm—rhythm from Africa’’.
From the jazz saxophone, Michael Brecker has grasped the nearly perfect skills, who can make full use of the instrument in his hands with the excellent performance skills. Many later Jazz players want to follow his step and imitate his style. Some musicians comment his music style as the strength of John Coltrane, the rhythm of Sonny Rollins and the harmony of Joe Henderson and Wayne Shorter. In fact, it can see all of these in the music works of Michael. Most importantly, he has broken through the traditional Jazz music and create a new Michael Brecker’s Jazz
My research paper is about Miles Davis’ personal life and his contributions to jazz. Miles Davis played a major role in the expansion in jazz with his music that he had produced. Davis helped produce and expand the different genres of jazz as well as train young talented musicians into successful artists in the field of jazz today. Davis not only shaped jazz into different forms and styles, but he also introduced jazz music to music listeners who were not a fan of jazz. From an early childhood, Davis was already interested in music and ready to help change the world of jazz.
Vladimir Bogdanov. All Music Guide to Jazz. Forth edition. Ann Arbor, MI: All Media Group, 2002
new type of music that would later be called jazz. Choosing to base his career
Jazz is referred as “America’s classical music,” and is one of North America’s and most celebrated genres. The history of Jazz can be traced back to the early era of the 20th century of the U.S. “A History of Jazz” presents From Ragtime and Blues to Big Band and Bebop, jazz has been a part of a proud African American tradition for over 100 years. A strong rhythmic under-structure, blue notes, solos, “call-and response” patterns, and
The word “jazz” is significant to America, and it has many meanings. Jazz could simply be defined as a genre or style of music that originated in America, but it can also be described as a movement which “bounced into the world somewhere about the year 1911…” . This is important because jazz is constantly changing, evolving, adapting, and improvising. By analyzing the creators, critics, and consumers of jazz in the context of cultural, political, and economic issue, I will illustrate the movement from the 1930’s swing era to the birth of bebop and modern jazz.
Miles Davis was a key player in the evolution of modern jazz. In the 1940’s he participated in the bebop craze, then initiated the cool jazz era in the 1950’s. Bebop involved a higher register and note fueled playing while Miles favored the middle register, with longer and less frequency of notes, and a
Though Jazz has changed, the background behind it still inspires those today. Even though each artist has their particular style or expression, they all can agree that music is art. They can all agree that Music is emotions and feelings. Through the years, just as all things do, Jazz and Bebop have grown and flourished across America and the World. All in all Jazz for African Americans opened the doors in America, jazz alone opened doors and ears all across the Earth.
Jazz comprises of a wide range of music from the ragtime to the present music listened to by many people. The music evolution has taken roughly 100 years and jazz has been put in this particular evolution as one of the music styles today. In the definition of jazz, there is no actual definition of jazz because it a composition of very many music styles hence making it hard to get the required definition that would describe it fully. Attempts being made to define jazz have a basis of traditional music that have similar characteristics as jazz but not real jazz. Using the American or African music examples, the researchers argue that the definition is very broad and wide. Ernest Berendt one of the researchers says that jazz originated from America in the process of confronting Negros with Europeans in terms of music. This can then be termed as a tool of identity between the two groups of people due to the racist and discrimination aspects that faced America. This was now a tool that could identify the two groups to bring about national integration and understanding among the members of America. In America jazz has incorporated time as a special factor and is now referred to as swing. Swing means spontaneity and vitality of the production of music which has an improvisation role to play to the listeners. This particular jazz music contains a particular manner of phrasing which acts as a mirror to an individual and the personality of the musician performing that particular jazz music on stage. The early jazz musicians include Double Bassist Reggie Workman, saxophone player Pharaoh Sanders, and drummer Idris Muhammad who were performing in 1978 hence dating back to early jazz performance and presentation.
The research question is the first and foremost initial step in the research process, because it defines the expected outcomes and drives the project design. So it should be clear and concise once the research question is formulated, the next is defining the terms and concepts used in the research process. A literature review is needed to clarify issues, gives an understanding to the researcher how others have formulated similar research questions and defines concepts.
Jazz is the best-known artistic creation of the Harlem Renaissance. “Jazz is the only pure American creation, which shortly after its birth, became America’s most important cultural export”(Ostendorf, 165). It evolved from the blues. In the formally standardized, instrumentally accompanied form of “city blues”(as opposed to the formally unstandardized and earlier “country blues”), the blues was to become one of the two major foundations of 1920s jazz (the other being rags). City blues tended to be strophic songs with a text typically based on two-line strophes (but with the first line of each strophe’s text repeated, AAB) and a standard succession of harmonies underlying each strophe’s melody.... ...