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The art of fiction of Henry James
The art of fiction of Henry James
The nature of cultural beliefs
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An Independent Woman
Every social group has its standards and customs. People must follow these standards and customs in order to be included in a group. Daisy Miller is a fictional character created by Henry James. She is a young American lady who travels in Europe with her mother and younger brother. During their journey, they encountered a group of European Americans. These people differentiate themselves from ordinary American tourists by accepting European values and following European customs. Daisy is excluded from that group, because her behavior is unacceptable to them. James describes Daisy through another character’ point of view. This character is a European American, who has lived in Europe for a very long time. His name
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Daisy has lived in America for most of her life, and she has formed some very strong ideas based on certain American values. This essay has pointed out before that Daisy thinks “[p]eople have different ideas” (James, 49). She values individuality, while the European Americans do not. They believe their value is superior to others, and everyone should follow their standards or faces social exclusion. Mrs. Walker seems to think dropping Mr. Giovanelli is proper, but walking with his is not. Daisy despises that idea, and she is offended when Mrs. Walker and Winterbourne ask her to get into the carriage (James, 43, 44, 49). She tells Mrs. Walker that she would not change her behavior only because someone thinks it is improper (James, 44). Daisy tries to change other’s opinion by making Mr. Giovanelli sings on Mrs. Walker’s Party and failed. After that, she is excluded from the European American group. However, her relationship with Mr. Giovanelli becomes even closer. She acts like she is engaged to him (James, 55) Obviously, she is not engaged to Mr. Giovanelli. But, this is how she tries to make a statement. She would not change because others think her behavior is improper. Daisy cares about others opinions on her (James, 57). And, she certainly cares about Winterbourne’s opinions. However, she would not let others dictate her life, not even at the cost of social exclusion. She is all by herself, …show more content…
Daisy is very popular in America. She has a lot of social lives in New York (James, 11). So, her ideas and behaviors are common in America. When she travels to Europe, she experiences a culture shock, since European cultures are quite different from the American ones. However, she has no intention to change her ideas and behaviors. The European Americans think the European values are superior to American values. Therefore, they think Daisy is uncultivated, because she does not follow certain standards and
When the readers first meet Daisy, she is living the party lifestyle. Daisy is a nice woman, but she is very superficial (Fitzgerald 8). This tells the readers that although Daisy is fake, but is kind. On the other hand, when Myrtle is talking to Tom and her sister Catherine, she becomes defensive and aggressive. “The answer to this was unexpected. It came from Myrtle, who had overheard the question, and it was violent and obscene” (Fitzgerald 33). These to statements show that although they are both clueless, they have personality traits that set them
Throughout the story, Winterbourn's opinion of Daisy changes back and forth. Winterbourne is torn between believing that Daisy is a coquette and believing she is an innocent girl who just does not know what she is doing. He never stops to consider that she may be both. He tries to push Daisy into his own preconceived categories; he never stopped to consider that she is a complex person with many layers, and therefore cannot be placed into a singular category. According to Daisy Miller: Cowboy Feminist, “Like many of James' male characters, Winterbourne responds to Daisy's wild energy, but doesn't act decisively on his desire, alternately aroused and repulsed by the prospect” (Johnson). Winterbourn was intrigued by Daisy, and her innocence. Her character was unlike any he had experienced before and because of this he found her quite attractive. However, his upbringing did not allow for him to associate with someone of such low class. In addition to this, Embedded Narratives Of Science And Culture In James's Daisy Miller observes that,“Winterbourne, faced with a conflict of norms between those of Daisy and those of his aunt's circle, cannot help seeing this difference as one marking the difference between "progressive" and "primitive" human values” (Scheiber).This perspective is shown from the very onset of Winterbourn first meeting Daisy “'How pretty they are,' Winterbourne comments, reacting to Daisy as a category,
Conventionality has entrapped them in different ways, and their instinctive reactions arise out of differing circumstances. Frederick Winterbourne, for example, comes to a realization of his internal struggle between conventionality and instinct, not in and of himself, but because of Miss Daisy Miller. Winterbourne meets the young Miss Miller in Vevay, Switzerland, while visiting his aunt, Mrs. Costello.... ... middle of paper ...
Daisy Buchanan illustrates the downfall of the stereotypical upper class women of the 1920s; she is “high in a white palace the king’s daughter, the golden girl”, the girl who men idolize and dominate. Society has moulded her to be subservient and powerless. She is completely controlled by her husband Tom Buchanan, who is the archetypal character of the patriarchal social system of the 1920s. She is materialistic and s...
When she hears Tom talking on the phone to his mistress, she throws “her napkin on the table” (14) and goes into the house. Since, Daisy throws “her napkin,” this shows how upset Tom’s actions makes her. However, she never confronts Tom about his affair because that might mean giving up the great lifestyle she is living, thus showing her selfish nature. Also, Daisy assumes that Nick did not come to her wedding because “[they] don’t know each other very well,” (16) when it was in fact because Nick was fighting in the war. Daisy is too self-centered to realize that Nick was in the war which is why he could to come to her wedding, implying that her wedding holds more significance. Also, Daisy’s comment to Nick shows her spoiled personality because she does not seem to care about other peoples’ life, only her own life, portraying her to be self-absorbed. Furthermore, when she finds out her newborn is a girl, Daisy “hopes she’ll be a fool” because “that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.” (17) This shows how Daisy does not really have an emotional attachment with her child; she just wants her to be beautiful so she will attract people with her looks. Evidently, Daisy does not value intelligence in women and she thinks women should be able to get through the world using their looks. Moreover, Daisy treats Pammy as an object; she tells her to say hi to the guests and
Daisy’s actions and words contrast greatly with her husband, Tom, and his grave nature. Her impression on the reader is frivolous with her “charming little laugh'; (13), and her light manner. In addition, Daisy’s tendency to murmur, rumored to make people lean closer to her, also reflects on her coquettish personality. Nick’s ability to read Daisy so well from her facial expressions and body language attests that her mannerisms are very illustrative; “Daisy took her face in her hands…I saw that turbulent emotions possessed her, so I asked what I thought would be some sedative questions. She also welcomes Nick’s charming but cheesy flattery, when talking about Chicago and she treats him the same way in return by referring to him as a rose and also by saying “I am p-paralyzed with happiness'; (13).
Daisy's carelessness reveals her corruption as a human being. She uses her wealth and social status to escape whatever she chooses, like the death of Myrtle. Additionally, her actions demonstrate the dishonest exploitation of power for personal gain and attention. Daisy’s character, due to her money, inherently values her advantage over the lower class, revealing a nature of entitlement. Additionally, she gives no respect to anyone around her, sometimes n...
A woman’s need to pursue society’s expectations of her can corrupt her entire view on relationships and human interactions. In the novel The Great Gatsby by Scott Fitzgerald, suggests that an individuals desire to achieve a standard of perfection in society can demoralize them into engrossing only what is best for themselves during conflict. Daisy is the epitome of a woman during the 1920’s, she wants nothing more than the appearance of a perfect family life, so when her future is indefinite she hides behind Tom’s wealth, and certainty to achieve her desires.
In “The Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Daisy struggles between her desire to be with someone she truly loves and her rational to be with someone who will give her social and financial stability. Ultimately, Daisy chooses Tom over Gatsby as he is the safer option once Gatsby is revealed to be untruthful, showing that she is predominately interested in a steady life.
During this era, women’s roles changed greatly as the new high social class females called the “flappers,” developed. The flappers set ideal qualities such as beauty for a woman that high class men such as Gatsby sought after. The flappers in exchange for their beauty wanted access to the material wealth from the men. Fitzgerald shows the influence that American capitalism had over this development in women through Daisy’s relationship with Tom and Gatsby. American capitalism dictates relationships, “Even in the early stages of their relationship, part of his attraction to Daisy arises from his considering factors akin to the laws of supply and demand that influence a commodity’s price” (Little). Daisy’s reason for marrying Tom Buchanan was only so she could gain the riches that Tom possessed. While Tom’s purpose was to care for Daisy in order to keep her by his side to maintain his social appearance. This social exchange forms a perception that women were nothing but extravagant economic tools for men. As both men and women desired the economic benefits of the other, the social aspects of marriage became more about greatening each other’s social status instead of one 's pursuit of love and happiness. However, since Tom is part of the old rich, the new American social marriage belief does not affect him greatly as it does with the new rising rich class because to the old rich this is very similar to their usual marriage traditions. Evidence as Tom says to his new baby girl, “I hope she will be a fool – that is the best thing a girl can be in this world” (Fitzgerald 17). This is an indication that females should stick to their roles as being social tools for their husbands. Because female involvement outside social issues meant that husbands were
Daisy's life is full of excitement and wealth, she gets practically everything she desires and feels like she has it all. As a person of high society, she treats those below her with disdain, even her cousin. “What shall we do with ourselves this afternoon.and the day after that, and the next thirty years?” (Fitzgerald 118). The Jazz age has changed Daisy and influenced her to become careless as she seeks empty love, money and pleasure.
Daisy is the "pretty American flirt" throughout the novella (James 474). She is nice and sweet, but also rebellious and ignorant. Daisy really does not care what society thinks of her. You see this throughout the course of the novel when she goes to Chillon with Winterbourne alone and when she frolics the streets at night with Giovanelli. Most Europeans look down upon American travelers in Europe, especially when they do not follow the customs and culture of their country. This is something that still has not changed today. The Miller family treats their carrier, Eugenio, like one of the family. Typically carriers live and sleep on the lower levels of the house, while Eugenio sleeps on the same level and interacts with the family. This is something that stands out to Winterbourne's aunt, Mrs. Costello because that is unheard of in European culture. When Winterbourne tells Mrs. Costello about Daisy, you can see the symbolism already becoming very prevalent, "They are very common; they are the sort of Americans that one does one's duty by not- not accepting" Mrs. Costello feels very strongly about the Americans in a negative way. She refuses to be introduced to Daisy and tells Winterbourne that she should be more like his cousins from New York. Ironically enough, he has heard that his cousins are "tremendous flirts" (James 478). This is interesting because of Winterbourne's belief that all American girls are flirts.
Daisy and Jordan are members of the elite class and are often presented as motionless, sitting or lying down, and when they do move it is leisurely. On the other hand, Myrtle is a member of the lower class and is depicted as annoyingly full of energy. During their journey to Tom and Daisy’s apartment, Daisy rapidly states “I’m going to make a list of all the things I’ve got to get. A massage and a wave and a collar for the dog and one of those cute little ashtrays where you touch a spring, and a wreath with a black silk bow for mother’s grave that’ll last all summer” (Fitzgerald, page 40). Myrtle’s abundance of energy is induced by her obsession with obtaining wealth. Despite drastic differences in how females are depicted based on their differences in wealth, both Daisy and Myrtle are treated as inferior to their husbands. This patriarchal view influences a feminist
“ You want to be the same as American girls on the outside.” (Tan, Amy) Like Tan in her narrative “Fish Cheeks”, everyone has had a time in their lives when they wanted to fit in at school or home. Sometimes it is hard to try to blend into the surroundings. Moving from Boston to Tallahassee has taught me a lot about such things like honor, pride, and self-reliance. Such is related to us in Wilfred Owens’s “Dulce et Decorum est” which is about his experience in World War I. Sometimes experiences such as moving can teach more about life than any long lecture from any adult. As the old saying goes: “Actions speak louder than words.”
One illustration of her humor takes place at Mrs. Walker"s party when Winterbourne is criticizing her for her relations with Giovanelli." He says they don"t "understand that sort of thing here"--not in young married women. Daisy cries, "I thought they understood nothing else!" and goes on to say, "It seems to me more proper in young unmarried than in old married ones. " Daisy typically speaks and behaves frankly, almost in a child-like fashion, but this shows, as the narrator describes it, a "startling worldly knowledge" (1587). " Daisy is somewhat rustic but smart."