Analysis Of Creating A New Racial Order

In the book ‘Creating a New Racial Order’, the authors Hochschild, Weaver & Bruch place the argument that a new racial order is emerging in the United States, and that it is the consequence of an increasing heterogeneity between and within the racial & ethnic groups. The authors use typology of categories, classification of individuals, relative positions of groups, permission and prohibitions controlled by the state, and the social relations within and between groups as a framework to analyze and explain this argument. They also use immigration, multiracialism, genomics and cohort change as evidence to support their argument. I believe I agree with the argument made by the authors in the book ‘Creating a New Racial Order’, based on the evidence

They then use those components as a framework to analyze the specific mechanisms that are causing this change. In this framework they include typology of categories, which is the agreed upon boundaries that divide society by race, and as the means to measure the growing heterogeneity in this category they use survey data’s to analyze the shift in typology over time. The survey data’s show which racial categories individuals identify with while filling out these surveys, and by analyzing these data’s the authors were able to find out that over time people started to check multiple boxes/categories while identifying with their race. Secondly, the authors used classification of individuals, which is grouping people based on shared attributes. This is when individuals become part of a group by having shared or similar attributes that other members of the group identify with. The authors turned to science in order to identify the changes in this category. It was seen that over time the genetic makeup of individuals in different groups started to change, this can be due to reasons like interatrial marriages which allow the offspring’s to identify with multiple racial & ethnic categories. Then the authors use the relative position of groups, which is the social hierarchy of groups

Firstly, they used immigration to show the impact it has on race & ethnic identification. The changes in immigration laws have helped to move the demographics of more than one category. The influx of educated immigrants and the skillsets that they bring with them has helped to push the typology of categories for the groups that they belong to, it has also helped to move the relative positon of those groups in the social order. As a shift in the economic and educational achievements of immigrants are pushing the framework of each category, it is leading to an increase in the heterogeneity between and within the racial & ethnic groups. Changes in immigration is also leading to a change in the social relations within and between groups, as it is leading to increased interracial interactions in schools, workplaces and households. This is shifting the boundaries of this category as well. Secondly, the authors use multiracialism or hybridity, which is the ability of individuals to fit into multiple categories. It is seen that over time individuals are identifying themselves with multiple racial & ethnic categories, this is due to increased similarities between shared attributed by different groups. Increased interaction between groups has led to the identification of these similarities, and therefore has not only shifted the typology of categories but also the