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Abstract for acid-base titration lab
Acid-base titration
Acid-base titration
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Amphetamine – Amphetamine sulphate synthesis
5g P2NP
50ml Isopropanol
7, 5-8,5g of Aluminum foil (better to use thick foil)
50ml 98% acetic acid (can also use 70%, than don’t need water)
50g NaOH
1ml H2SO4
You will make mix with acetic acid and water. Water is need because you use 98% of acetic. Pour (50ml GAA + 25mldH2O) in to 250ml Erlenmeyer flask.
Prepare solution of 5g P2NP and IPA. Dissolve 5g in to 50ml of warm IPA. Let to cool.
While IPA solutions are cooling, you need to make aluminum amalgam. Cut the squares into 1x1 pieces. Put aluminum squares into 200ml dH2O, add 50mg of Hg (no3) or other Hg salts and stir. After 5-10 minutes you will see grey remains in the jar. That means the amalgamation has started and you need to wait 10 minutes. Wash aluminum with water 3 times and wash out all remains and Hg (no3). Because Hg salts are very dangerous.
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You are ready to start the reaction.
Add aluminum amalgam in to acetic acid with water and mix. Wait for about 3-5 minutes, while solution will turn grey. Then add P2NP solution and wait 5-10 minutes while stormy reaction starts. Let the flask to stay for about 20-25 minutes.
After storm reaction is over, put the flask on the hotplate and make reflux for 1 hour. At this moment SWIM doesn’t have a hotplate, so use boiling water bath. When the reflux is over, let it cool to room temperature. You will have a red/yellow solution.
While the solution is cooling, you need NaOH. Add 50g NaOH into the jar and pour 50ml dH2O. The solution will be very hot so cool it by putting it in the freezer. When the two solutions are cooled, start to pour NaOH solution. Pour in small amounts because all of the mixes in the Erlenmeyer flask will start to heat. Add it slowly and stir after addition. You need to do this while you see 2 layers; the ph will be 10-12. When the NaOH is added, wait while all solution cools because you need to pick the top layer
(red/yellow). Now you need to convert freebase to amphetamine sulphate. You will do this by sulfur acid and isopropanol (Solution H2SO4 + IPA (1ml +5ml). Drop by drop pour the acid solution to the freebase and stir a lot. You will see how amphetamine sulphate appears. Add acid solution while the ph will be (ph 7). Filtrate all amphetamine sulphate and let it dry in a warm place.
Al to Al(OH)4 – (aq). Cut and Measure approximately one gram of aluminum off the side of a soda can. Take a piece of stainless steel scouring pad to remove the coating from both sides of the aluminum. Cut the Aluminum into smaller pieces to increase the surface area so the rate of the chemical reaction can increase and dissolve more quickly. Reweigh the aluminum to determine its exact mass. In a hood, add the aluminum to a 400mL beaker containing 50mLs of KOH potassium hydroxide. Allow the solution to sit until all of the aluminum has dissolved. This process could take up to 20 minutes. You may also need to use a low heat setting on a hot plate. During the reaction, the product will turn a dark grey color. The reaction is complete once all of the aluminum has dissolved and hydrogen gas ceases to evolve. After the aluminum has dissolved use gravity filtration to remove all solids from the solution, collect the solution into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer
Rinse your beaker thoroughly to wash any excess powder. 12. Repeat steps 7-11 3 more times for reliability. To make sure the temperature still stays hot by continue heating the water a little bit using the hot plate. 13.
Place a clean, dry 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask on balance, and slowly dispense liquid bleach until there is about .5 g. Record the mass of bleach, and add 25 mL of de-ionized water and about 2 g of KI. Swirl contents until the KI dissolves. Then add 3 drops of 1 M H2SO4, mix, and let stand for 1 or 2 minutes.
Each subsequent trial will use one gram more. 2.Put baking soda into reaction vessel. 3.Measure 40 mL vinegar. 4.Completely fill 1000 mL graduated cylinder with water.
Mix 50ml of WATER with 15ml (1 tbsp) of SALT in one beaker or cup
Then, I added 8 drops of concentrated phosphoric acid to the mixture. swirling it a few times. Then, I carefully took the flask to the station as I avoided trying to breath the vapors of the acetic anhydride. I put the e-flask into the beaker of water sitting on the hot plate in order to heat it for seven minutes. Once the seven minutes was up, my partner carried the e-flask to the fume hood, and added 3 mL of de-ionized water to the flask. She swirled it for a couple of minutes there. She brought it back tot he station where I gradually added 60 Ml of de-ionozed water to the mixture while my partner stirred the mixture constantly. I was able to see some of the aspirin beginning to form. In order to complete the crystallization process we cooled the flask in an ice-water bath from 4:00 until 4:20. As we waited I began to set up our filtration system. I used a ring stand, right angel clamp, three finger clamp, Buchner funner, filtering flask,rubber tubing, and filter paper in the Buchner funnel. I turned on the aspirator and pored some water over the filtering paper in order to create a good
neutralize 35ml of our base. Once we weighed out the KHP we then dissolved it
7. Using the stirring wire, stir the mixture until the solute completely dissolves. Turn the heat source off, and allow the solution to cool.
Add 5 g crushed nutmeg and 50 mL hexane-isopropanol into a flask and warm for 15 minutes.
Plan 1. Collect 4 different sized beakers 2. Boil some water in the kettle 3. Pour 50ml into each beaker 4. After 1 minute check temperature 5.
2nd step heat the mixture: Make sure the agarose dissolves. Wait until it boils and when you are going to transfer the mixture, wear gloves to avoid getting burnt. Transfer the mixture into a removable gel tray.
In a 100ml beaker place 50mls of water, measure the temperature of the water and record this initial temperature onto a table. Set the timer and add one teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate to the water, stir this continuously until the Ammonium Nitrate has dissolved.
I shall add water as that is the only way I can find out how
Normal water will not do because of the impurities in it. · Methyl Orange indicator - The colour of this indicates when the sodium hydroxide has been neutralised by the hydrochloric acid. · Conical Flask - This is used to react the aspirin tablets with the sodium hydroxide. It is more appropriate to use as the shape of it makes it less likely that any should spill out. · Burette - This is used to add the hydrochloric acid to the sodium hydroxide.
Firstly, an amount of 40.90 g of NaCl was weighed using electronic balance (Adventurer™, Ohaus) and later was placed in a 500 ml beaker. Then, 6.05 g of Tris base, followed by 10.00 g of CTAB and 3.70 g of EDTA were added into the beaker. After that, 400 ml of sterilized distilled water, sdH2O was poured into the beaker to dissolve the substances. Then, the solution was stirred using the magnetic stirrer until the solution become crystal clear for about 3 hours on a hotplate stirrer (Lab Tech® LMS-1003). After the solution become clear, it was cool down to room temperature. Later, the solution was poured into 500 ml sterilized bottle. The bottle then was fully wrapped with aluminium foil to avoid from light. Next, 1 mL of 2-mercaptoethanol-β-mercapto was added into fully covered bottle. Lastly, the volume of the solution in the bottle was added with sdH2O until it reaches 500 ml. The bottle was labelled accordingly and was stored on chemical working bench.