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The benefits of foreign aid
The benefits of foreign aid
International Politics is about Power
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The allocation of foreign aid in international society is not predicated by notions of necessity and development, but rather by self interest and power. Foreign aid’s altruistic façade can often serve to mask a vehement power struggle between the super powers of global politics. In such a struggle aid is used as a currency to purchase power and influence. These powerful gains can be broken into three different categories, the first and most tangible of these gains is the economic dominance that foreign aid grants the donor nation, this is then followed by the security and stability that accompanies strategic aid allocation and finally the gain of soft power through the spread of norms, values and ideologies is prevalent in this ostensibly …show more content…
It is often maintained that poverty is a principal trigger of political instability. Hence counteracting poverty through foreign aid is an integral security tool. This is endorsed in Australia’s foreign aid program, which is often touted alongside, military and defense strategy and has been integrated into the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Australian foreign aid is often used to strengthen national security by trying to resurrect situation that provide terrorists with easy recruiting grounds in doing so aid disables the forces that threaten Australian power. Additionally foreign aid can act as a form of biological security. Large numbers of destitute people in the international system can often lead to the spread of illness and disease. By stabilising weak and failing states this can be preventing consequentially disabling another threat to power and stability. Moreover aid can also serve to improve tangible security resources. Foreign assistance frequently serves to improve the military resources of allied nations with military orientated training and assistance making up one fifth of the US foreign aid budget (Han and Rane, 2013). Consequentially leaving allies better equip to support donor nations. Once again the hard power that accompanies a secure nation fits with in the mold of realist tradition particularly …show more content…
The donation of foreign aid unequivocally carries with it benefits in three different spheres of power economic, security and referent, soft power. Each of these types of power also fall with in models of power laid out by the liberal and realist traditions, with the coercive power of security and economics falling inside realist boundaries while soft power adheres to the liberal
... aid across the world. As we have established that we do have an obligation to redistribute globally in a cosmopolitan perspective, distributing wealth however we may need to rethink what the best assistance is. Amaryta Sen conveys that before sending aid to the third world state, we would need to fully understand the limitation of freedom in the country. Redistributing wealth to global countries requires it to be evaluated by the economic shortage that they are suffering and to see whether it will be efficient in the long run. The more effective ways to contribute would be to international relief agencies or NGO’s that would pursue international development projects to help those in poverty or the alternative option by Tom Campbell’s idea of a ‘Global humanitarian levy’ which suggests a more appropriate taxation on all citizens to collectively aid those in need.
They state, "Aid is a tool for buying influence and policy. " In this sense, the two groups are really only separated by the sizes of their various selectorates, as their motivations for government spending and foreign aid are almost identical. Mesquita and Smith explain how corruption is inherent to power.
The first English settlement in Australia was established in 1788. Before this the Aborigines lived in the land in harmony. However, after the English arrived, the two different cultures were in close contact and had to determine how to coexist. White Europeans did not respect the Aborigines’ right to the land and it’s resources. With brutal force, they took control of the land and claimed it as their own. Australians then developed their own policies on how to deal with the Aborigines, which, as you can expect, bettered their own way of life. There are three historical phases of Australian governmental policies: dispossession, segregation, and assimilation. There are also some recent policies that have acknowledged Aboriginal rights and have increased their autonomy and welfare. This paper will discuss these phases, their effects on the Aborigines and Australia, and the future of Australian race relations.
The United States is one of the leading suppliers of Foreign Aid in the world, and even though the US gives billions, European countries give aid money to the same countries, this causes many areas of the Middle East, Africa, and Asia to be almost fully dependent on foreign aid. This means that without aid from other countries, they would not be able to support themselves at all. Foreign aid is meant to help countries that are struggling with civil unrest, disease, or natural disasters, it is not meant to help keep the country out of debt, but that is where more and more of the US and The EU’s foreign aid budget is going. The question is, does all this money actually go where it is intended? It should be going towards the government and to help the people, but in many cases, the countries government does not have the resources to properly track the flow of money. The countries in most cases have poor infrastructure and corrupt or oppressive leaders, not always at a national level, but in the towns and cities. So this means there is almost no way to oversee the flow of foreign aid through the country, all we can see is that their situations aren't getting any better and the countries are still impoverished. If this is the case, where are the millions of dollars going? Countries like Afghanistan and Iraq receive the most money from American foreign aid and European aid, yet they are still under oppressive governmental rule and there is still an extreme difference between the rich and poor. Garrett Harding’s theory of “Lifeboat Ethics” exemplifies how not giving aid to others will allow the strongest of society to thrive, while teaching the impoverished to help themselves. He believes that giving aid to poor countries will only make ...
Nye, Jr., Joseph S. “Hard and Soft Power in American Foreign Policy.” In Paradox of American Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. 4-17. Print.
He states that large inflows of foreign aid can potentially change local politics for the worst. He furthers this argument by declaring that the main difference between rich and poor countries are the benefits, such as a fair legal system, that paying taxes gives citizens in the rich countries. He progresses and declares that since several countries that depend on large amounts of foreign aid, do not depend on the citizens to pay for programs, the government is less likely to develop programs that benefit its people. Thus the rulers make decisions and rule without needing the people’s consent. August Dean also explains why it is difficult for donors to stop foreign aid to corrupt leaders. He lists the donors may either be unaware of the issues, ending support may interfere with the donor country’s agenda or the fear that other countries may step in as the reasons why. Dean also mentions that foreign aid has led to positive results, but he cautions that it should be weighed with the potential negative
Indonesia is a neighbouring country to Australia and is an important partner in Australian bilateral, regional and global interests. A growing, prosperous and stable Indonesia is beneficial for regional stability, security, trade and cooperation in which Australia aims to ensure through foreign investment. History The Indonesian economy has recorded strong growth over the past few decades, and in recent years the firm pace of economic expansion has been accompanied by reduced output volatility and relatively stable inflation.
government. An example of these interests is gaining territory which is under the control of
Progressive era foreign policy was motivated by a variety of factors including racial and national superiority, business and economic interests, strategic concerns, and idealism. Excerpts from For the Record provide various examples supporting the concerns that led to America’s foreign policy.
The discipline of international relations (IR) contains several theories that contain theoretical perspectives to the idea of power. Within the realist perspective there are two approaches that help paint the portrait of the realist theory, the classical approach to realism and the neo-realist approach. Classical realism and neorealism both have been subjected to criticism from IR scholars and theorists representing liberal and constructivist perspectives. The key tenets to realism contain three essential characteristics of international relations which are the state, anarchy and the balance of power. This essay will closely analyse all three characteristics with special regards to power being central to the realist perspective.
Are the US interventions in other countries legitimate? 1,879 words The president of Russia, Vladimir Putin, once said, “It's alarming that military intervention in internal conflicts in foreign countries has become commonplace for the United States,” during an interview with The New York Times when asked about the overseas interventions of the Unites States. In other words, he is pointing out how our country is interfering significantly in international conflicts and others nation’s internal problems, in recent times. The United States of America has been involved in numerous international interventions throughout its history.
The United State’s expansion into its western continental territories, fueled by the idea of manifest destiny, began the US experiment with empire. Under the threat of the dominant pro-haole interests, King Kalakaua involuntarily signed a new constitution that replaced the treaty of friendship that had governed US and Hawaiian interests in 1887. This Bayonet constitution reduced the power of the Hawaiian monarchy and expanded political representation to anyone who was literate and who owned more than three thousand dollars worth of land. Since an insufficient number of native Hawaiians fulfilled these standards, the constitution essentially put the Americans in control of the Hawaiian government and people. The Political Instability of Reciprocal
Humanitarian Intervention has been the target of much criticism, essentially in the past several decades. Particularly, questions arise when analyzing how nations decide whether or not to intervene in another sate’s internal affairs. Politics plays a large role in most nations’ internal and external decisions. When faced with the question of if or where to intervene, concerning parties, being governments or IGOs, resort to the concept of a cost-benefit analysis to generate their verdict. Despite the magnitude of the violations, parties will ignore the violation of human rights in nations where the cost may outweigh the benefits. This concept generates a structure in which one’s right to liberty or one’s right to deny another’s liberty is based upon your social status as well as your networks. It is not typical for a political leader to intervene in another state’s internal affairs if they do not expect to succeed. Conditions such as the success rate and the projected time till outcome are reflected upon whilst deciding to undertake a policy. The lack on involvement during the genocide in Rwanda in 1994 is a clear example of this. According to Samantha Powers, despite the degree of brutality, it was believed that the United Nation decided against the mediation because they could not afford another failed intervention like Somalia, which could hurt the future of the its peacekeeping program. Moreover, she believed the United States failed to make a contribution to the closure of the genocide largely because of the aftermath of Somalia that left eighteen deceased American soldiers. Rwanda was not seen a possibility after a public outcry of Americans dying “needlessly” (2002, p.541) The American choice not to intervene makes it less ...
In international politics today, soft power is favoured over hard power and hence, I would even argue that international law is a necessary tool in foreign policy. To better facilitate the discourse, I would like to establish certain perimeters. In this paper, soft power is defined as “the ability to get what you want by attracting and persuading others to adopt your goals” (Nye, 2003) while hard power is defined as “the ability to use the carrots and sticks of economic and military might to make others follow your will” (Nye, 2003). Hence, soft power concentrates on building positive relations with other states, whereas hard power can be said to be more antagonistic and hardhanded, which is counter to what international law stands for. In this sense, international law supports the expansion of soft power more than that of hard power.
Anderson, M. B. (1999). Do no harm: How aid can support peace—or war. London, England: Lynne Rienner Publishers