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Effect of emotion on attention
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A Comparison of Two Methodologies “Is There an Age-Related Positivity Effect in Visual Attention?”, research paper that suggests a positivity effect in older adults’ memory for emotional material, however, the evidence is mixed (Isaacowitz, Wadlinger, Goren, & Wilson, 2006). There were 35 youngers adults ages 18-24 and 50 older adults ages 61-85. Each age group were tested in two separate tests, one utilized Eye Tracking Versus Dot-Probe to measure the activity and timeliness in which a participants tracked visual stimuli (Isaacowitz, Wadlinger, Goren, & Wilson, 2006). There was no useable data collected during the eye tracking versus dot-probe testing within the age groups. Secondly, these same participants as they viewed pairs of synthetic faces with one neutral face and one face expressing an emotion (Isaacowitz, Wadlinger, Goren, & Wilson, 2006). Analyzing this data, it showed older adults preferred happy and positive reactions to angry faces, while their younger counterparts, preferred faces that displayed fear, within all other parameters of this testing there was no notable data collected. The fault with …show more content…
By examining the plausibility and the effectiveness of positive education on the community as a whole, researchers implemented a positivity education curriculum study. This positivity education curriculum consisted of the incorporation of skill sets for happiness, coping skills, personal engagement, positive emotion and increased resilience (Seilgman, Ernst, Gillham, Reivich, & Linkins, 2009). The results of this study showed a markedly lower occurrence of depression, in school aged children that participated in the positivity education curriculum (Seilgman, Ernst, Gillham, Reivich, & Linkins,
Award-winning author Mandy Hale once stated, “Without negativity, life would be amazing.” However, this statement does not always prove to be true. Today’s modern community generates a judgement that negative experiences will ruin your life, but studies show that negativity can actually result in positive change. For example, negativity can positively change teenagers actions, introduce teenager’s to more supportive environments, and help fix broken relationships.
The article draws attention to the limitations of age-equivalent (AE) scores in reporting the result of norm-referenced tests. Using a group study and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary test-III (PPVT-III), Emily Maloney and Linda Larrivee have built a strong argument against the use of AE scores. They provide ample information about the limitations of AE scores, as well as results that speech-language pathologists should not continue to use age-equivalence scores in reporting results of norm-referenced testing.
One of the articles discussed using gratitude and life satisfaction on children to help alleviate mild or moderate depression. I plan to incorporate this article’s techniques and ideas in my professional practices. Most of the adults that I work with have mild or moderate depression and lack satisfaction in their lives. This article’s ideas may be helpful in my practice because it can help the client gain positive feelings and behaviors. Incorporating hope, gratitude, and optimism helps the client to be able to identify their own resilience in
Coming to age means various things in different cultures, religions and regions in the world. As an example, in the Jewish religion coming of age happens when a boy or girl reaches the age of thirteen and has a Bar Mitzvah or Bat Mitzvah, which symbolizes reaching religious maturity. On the other hand, coming to age is not about turning a certain age or being able to bare a child, but rather coming to terms with your personal identity. Coming to terms with your personal identity does not happen over night, it entails finding yourself and accepting yourself as an individual. Moreover, in the short story, “Birthmark” and the excerpt of The Curious Incident of the Dog in the night, they depict characters that have a hard time coming to terms with themselves. In both scenarios the characters face adversities that the majority of the population do not face which makes them feel like outcasts. Additionally, both characters come-to-age by finding their personal identity through all of the tribulations that they face.
The term “ageism” is not easily understood by most of the population because of its acceptance as normal behavior due to the ingrained attitudes that most people develop in their youth, but health care workers must fully embrace the term within their profession in order to avoid becoming a contributor to the historical prevalence of prejudices and discrimination. The term ageism is defined by Klein and Liu (2010) as “the discrimination of individuals based solely on age” (p. 334). “Ageism is a social construct that is internalized in the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals” (Klein & Liu, 2010, p. 334). Robert Butler, a well-known gerontologist, coined the term “ageism” citing that the discrimination and prejudice associated with this term is often based on the lack of a person’s experience with older people (Ferrini & Ferrini, 2013, p. 6). Ferrini and Ferrini (2013) refer to the strong influence that cultural beliefs and attitudes as well as a person’s current age influence the perception of aging (p. 6). Everywhere within society there are influences that encourage ageist attitudes such as media conveyances through movies, books, television, greeting cards, magazines and the Internet (Ferrini and Ferrini, 2013, p. 6). These negative connotations related to growing older begin to influence all people at a very young age and therefore impact their attitudes as they make career decisions. This has directly impacted the number of health care providers who specialize in geriatrics as well as the attitudes of those who do provide services for older adults. These false perceptions and negative attitudes are currently impacting the q...
Older adults are a very knowledgeable population and have had a lot of life experiences. As people age, things start to change physically, mentally, and socially. It’s important to understand the process of aging, so that older adults can be taken care of properly. I interviewed P.R. who is a 71-year-old male that lives alone in his home. P.R. is a retired coal miner, and is currently living off his social security and savings. He lives close to both his daughter and son, who frequently help him out with things that are needed. P.R. was able to give me a lot of insight about specific challenges that he has experienced in his life that is associated with aging. I will be discussing challenges that P.R experienced physically, mentally,
The world is said to reach a population of 9.2 billion people in 2050. The economy of a country is affected in multiple ways; one of the factors affecting the progression of an economy is the life expectancy. In the past decade, the sizes of families are decreasing due to many reasons such as low fertility rates, economic reasons, high education, and etc. causing an increase in the elderly population. Over the years, the life expectancy is continuing to rise at a phenomenal rate as the technologies advance to protect myriads of lives. The increased ageing population has been putting constant pressure on the economies to provide for the sick and the unemployed. In turn, this hinders the progress of the economy. But on the contrary, the increase in older citizens in an economy has also benefitted t...
“Seligman (1998) noted positive psychology’s focus is to make the lives of all people rewarding and to build positive experiences”(Costello & Stone, 2012). His concern and main focus was to train and support staff, faculty, and administrators of positive psychology approaches and overall, helping their students grow as learn...
At the end of the experiment I will complete the last two steps in the scientific process. I will analyze the data gained and will formulate a conclusion. I don’t think much research has been done of the effects of Positive Psychology on those people with a higher than average level of happiness, since the catalyst for this research came from the desire to augment pathological treatment for depression. It will be interesting to see the impact, if any, on my current level of happiness.
Adults entering the midlife years (middle adulthood) are experiencing an overabundance of life changes. Hall, Hernandez, Wong, and Justice (2015) stated that, during middle adulthood important changes occur across the physical, cognitive, and social domains of development. There is a mounting amount of research on the changes that middle-aged adults experience. One of the most unexplored factor that middle-aged adults experience is Ageism. Ageism can be defined as the act of being prejudice or discriminative towards a specific age group. Although, Ageism can occur at any given place and in any age group. Research shows that it is more prevalent in older adults,
When you consider ageism, you think about people being labeled as other 's sees fit. It 's just another term to judge or deny people of their humanity. When you think about people in their late adulthood what comes to mind? Some may think about gray hair, saggy skin, dentures, and a wheelchair. So my question is why? According to (Palmore, 2005, p. 90) “Ageism is a social disease, much like racism and sexism” in that it considers people as part of a category and not as individuals, creating “needless fear, waste, illness, and misery.” The more people grow and develop, they will learn that aging must go on.
In the United States 20% of the adult population report that they are living a flourishing life (Keyes, 2002). However, a high percentage reports feeling as if they are ‘‘stuck’’ or ‘‘want more’’ and are yet not diagnosable with a mental disorder (Fredrickson, 2008). Because happiness has been found to be the source of many desirable life outcomes e.g. career success, marriage, and health, it is of importance to understand, how languishing individuals can reach this ideal state: How can well-being be enhanced and misery reduced (Lyubomirsky, King, & Diener, 2005). Over the past decade, research in the field of positive psychology has emerged to provide evidence-based methods to increase an individual’s psychological well-being, through so called positive psychology interventions (PPI’s). PPI’s are treatment methods or intentional activities used to promote positive feelings or behaviour. PPI’s vary from writing gratitude letters, practicing optimistic thinking and replaying positive experiences. A meta-analysis of 51 independent PPI studies demonstrated significant results in the effectiveness of PPI’s increasing well-being (49 studies; r = .29) (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009).
Applying the sports analysis on relative age to academics is quickly revealed to be a flawed approach. In athletics, it’s simple; if you’re older, bigger, and stronger, you can probably hit a baseball a longer way than your smaller competitors. However, the academic playing field has a tendency to even the odds.
There are many instances in life that cause question. Whether it be moral, ethical, or even legal situations. One question that the human population still struggles with is age difference. People squirm when they see a couple with one partner younger than the other. It is more socially acceptable for an older man to date a younger female. Yet, looked down upon when a woman dates a younger male. When we are in high school, it is cooler for girls to date older guys. Yet, once they turn 18, he can go to jail. It was okay just a year ago. So, when does it become not “okay” to date younger? Why do we think we have the right to judge their relationship? Why is it not seen as acceptable to date older? Age differences do not affect the success of a relationship due to differing levels of maturity, and relationships are personal as opposed to a social matter. (I think this paragraph is good, and needs no further editing. Agreed?) Is it okay to have those three questions in this paragraph? I suck at grammar.
Despite the negative circumstances that we all face, there are many positive aspects of all our lives. All we have to do to be happy is focus more of our attention on the positive than on the negative. My beliefs in this area are not unfounded. There are many books written on this subject that give factual evidence that the way we think profoundly affects our lives. I am currently working with several high school faculty members to implement my class lesson plans into several classes already offered at the high school. I am very excited about my progress thus far, and hope to see some of my ideas become reality soon.