Anxiously awaiting its contents, the high school senior stares at his mailbox. He has been awaiting a response for months from his dream college. He has endured the endless questions from friends and family, "Did you hear from that college yet?" He has spent many a night he should have been sleeping lying in bed wondering whether he would be heading to his dream school in the fall. He has read numerous books and has done serious research on just what it took to get where he wanted to be. He continues to stare for hours, shaking from either anticipation or fear, though he cannot decide which. Finally his parents arrive home and encourage him to open the letter. He then opens the box. Now I ask this. Should this senior’s ethnicity impact whether his envelope is thin or thick? Should he have a better chance to attend his dream school because he is a minority? Or do the questions go deeper than the single factor of ethnicity? The issue of Affirmative Action, preferences towards persons of racial minorities to compensate for prior discrimination, in college admissions is a quite complicated one. Many sides must be explored to gain a better understanding of the theories and views on this issue. It is not easily answered with a yes or no. Since its inception, Affirmative Action’s use has been a major debate in American society. Many questions are left to be investigated. Many believe that we should live in a society where preferential treatment could be eliminated, and admission to college is based solely on one’s merit and character, yet this view seems quite unrealistic. The United States Supreme Court handed down its first decision on this complex issue with the case of Allan Bakke. Allan Bakke was a white male who applied to ... ... middle of paper ... ...ns. The evidence supports the fact that if racial preferences are not used in admissions, the country will be withholding quality educations, both graduate and undergraduate, from large numbers of minority students. One of the staples of slavery when it is employed in this world is preventing those who are enslaved from becoming educated. We must work for the advancement of the human race as a whole, and this includes making sure that entire races of people are not left off prematurely on the road of education. Sources Cited Cross, Theodore. "What if There Was No Affirmative Action in College Admissions?" The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. No. 5. Autumn 1994. 52-55. Dreyfuss, Benjamin W. "Reverse Discrimination’ or ‘Equal Opportunity’?" http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~dreyfus/bakke.html. 1995. Mundy, Bob. Personal Interview. 27 April 2001
The Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) ‘equal but separate’ decision robbed it of its meaning and confirmed this wasn’t the case as the court indicated this ruling did not violate black citizenship and did not imply superior and inferior treatment ,but it indeed did as it openly permitted racial discrimination in a landmark decision of a 8-1 majority ruling, it being said was controversial, as white schools and facilities received near to more than double funding than black facilities negatively contradicted the movement previous efforts on equality and maintaining that oppression on
Bakke disagreed with the court on this issue and he brought it before the California Supreme Court.The California Supreme Court held that it was the University's burden to prove that Bakke would not have been admitted if the special program was not in effect. The school could not meet this requirement, and Bakke was admitted by court orde r. However, the University appealed to the Supreme Court for "certiorari", which was granted, and the order to admit Bakke was suspended pending thCourt's decision.3 The Issues and Arguments for Each Side"Bakke was the most significant civil rights case to reach the United States Supreme Court since Brown v. Board the Education of Topeka, Kansas."4 The special admissions program at Davis tried to further integrate the higher education system because merely removing the barriers, as the Brown case did, did not always work. In short, Bakke was questioning how far the Universi...
The Plessy v Ferguson case would be overturned, ruling the “separate but equal” law to be unconstitutional. Melba Beals was in school that day and was sent home early with the warning to hurry and stay in groups. Even so, it had been decades since the passing of the Fourteenth Amendment. No much had changed. Melba’s teacher knew that this ruling would cause rage among the citizens of Little Rock and she was right.
Throughout American history, many minorities have fallen victim to cruel discrimination and inequality, African Americans were one of those minorities that greatly suffered from the white majority’s upper hand. After the end of the Civil War and the Reconstruction period following it, many people, especially the Southern population, were extremely against African Americans obtaining equal rights in the American society. Due to this, these opponents did everything in their power to limit and even fully strip African Americans of their rights. The Supreme Court case of Plessy v Ferguson in 1896 is an excellent example of the obstacles put forth by the white population against their black counterparts in their long and arduous fight for civil liberty and equality. Even though the court upheld the discriminatory Louisiana law with an 8-1 decision, John Marshall Harlan’s dissent in the case played a significant role in the history of the United States.
Another article titled “The Painful Truth About Affirmative Action” (Source B) by Richard Sander and Stuart Taylor Jr. takes a similar stance, but walks the reader through an alternative route in reaching a conclusion by discussing the negative aspects of AA on minority students. A third article by the name of “Actually, we still need affirmative action for African Americans in college admissions. Here’s why” (Source C) by Valerie Strauss provides input from the other side of the spectrum by arguing that AA is still needed. While source A provides an extremely biased perspective on affirmative action and does little to persuade the audience with its weak language, source B presents a slightly stronger argument against affirmative through its descriptive language and academic tone, which appeals to the reader but fails to address the opposite side of the dispute. However, source C offers the most compelling argument through its thorough analysis of affirmative action that considers both sides of the spectrum with strong diction and formal tone to effectively convey its ideas to the
Affirmative action, the act of giving preference to an individual for hiring or academic admission based on the race and/or gender of the individual has remained a controversial issue since its inception decades ago. Realizing its past mistake of discriminating against African Americans, women, and other minority groups; the state has legalized and demanded institutions to practice what many has now consider as reverse discrimination. “Victims” of reverse discrimination in college admissions have commonly complained that they were unfairly rejected admission due to their race. They claimed that because colleges wanted to promote diversity, the colleges will often prefer to accept applicants of another race who had significantly lower test scores and merit than the “victims”. In “Discrimination and Disidentification: The Fair-Start Defense of Affirmative Action”, Kenneth Himma responded to these criticisms by proposing to limit affirmative action to actions that negate unfair competitive advantages of white males established by institutions (Himma 277 L. Col.). Himma’s views were quickly challenged by his peers as Lisa Newton stated in “A Fair Defense of a False Start: A Reply to Kenneth Himma” that among other rationales, the Fair-Start Defense based on race and gender is a faulty justification for affirmative action (Newton 146 L. Col.). This paper will also argue that the Fair-Start Defense based on race and gender is a faulty justification for affirmative action because it cannot be fairly applied in the United States of America today. However, affirmative action should still be allowed and reserved for individuals whom the state unfairly discriminates today.
In 1896 the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the law of racial segregation in public. It was known as separate but equal. Yet one cannot be equal, because Cauca...
Today there is considerable disagreement in the country over Affirmative Action with the American people. MSNBC reported a record low in support for Affirmative Action with 45% in support and 45% opposing (Muller, 2013). The affirmative action programs have afforded all genders and races, exempting white males, a sense of optimism and an avenue to get the opportunities they normally would not be eligible for. This advantage includes admission in colleges or hiring preferences with public and private jobs; although Affirmative Action has never required quotas the government has initiated a benefits program for the schools and companies that elect to be diversified. The advantages that are received by the minorities’ only take into account skin color, gender, disability, etc., are what is recognized as discriminatory factors. What is viewed as racism to the majority is that there ar...
The discrimination against Caucasian and Asian American students a long with the toleration of lower quality work produced by African American students and other minority students is an example of the problems caused by Affirmative Action. Although affirmative action intends to do good, lowering the standards by which certain racial groups are admitted to college is not the way to solve the problem of diversity in America's universities. The condition of America's public schools is directly responsible for the poor academic achievement of minority children. Instead of addressing educational discrepancies caused by poverty and discrimination, we are merely covering them up and pretending they do not exist, and allowing ourselves to avoid what it takes to make a d... ... middle of paper ... ...
The purpose of this paper is to debate why the current Affirmative Action Policy needs to be improved in higher education. Affirmative action is an outcome of the 1960's Civil Rights Movement, intended to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment (National Conference). Affirmative Action policies in the United States are only implemented if the employer or institution receives federal money. Generally, when the policy is implemented it is stating that at some point the company or institution will have to higher or accept minorities, or women if they are lacking in diversity in minorities or women. Since Affirmative Action is working well for employment with things like the United States Equal Employment
Luis Suarez from Uruguay made a transfer from Liverpool to Barcelona and helped Neymar and Lionel Messi to become the ultimate trio in Europe. They were considered the deadliest South American trio in Europe. With the help of Barcelona, Messi and Suarez, Neymar continued to do everything he could to stay on top and in 2015, Neymar was picked to be the final three alongside Cristiano Ronaldo and Messi to see who would win the Ballon D’ Or. Neymar, unfortunately lost the award but he won many others like Goal of The Year and he was also placed in the World’s Best 11 Players which is a huge honor to be in. Neymar earned the respect of many different players at the age of 22 and he helped Barcelona to get 7 trophies in 2 years. He played a huge role in the success of Barcelona alongside his South American friends. Today, at the age of 23, Neymar Jr. is considered one of the best in Brazil and soon he will become one of the best in the world. Neymar has many years ahead of him and will learn to do more for his team and his country. Neymar has yet to win the World Cup and the Copa America for his country. He has a lot of talent and will be able to show it off to everyone in the world. Everyone considers him a great prodigy of Ronaldinho and he will soon be compared to other young talents that will come later
Summary. Competencies defined in this study corroborated with the notion that there are different managerial practices, especially leadership perception, in China and Germany. It is easier to transfer machine technology than its human counterpart. Although Western managerial approach has been dominating both in multinationals and joint ventures in China, it is still too early to argue whether there is a general organisational convergence. However, at current stage, Chinese style of personal management still prevails over Western style HRM practices.
Zhu, Y. & Warner, M. (2000). “An Emerging model of employment relations in China: a divergent path from the Japanese?” International Business Review, 2000, Vol.9 (3), pp.345-361. [03 April 2014]
In the category of individualism, China had a low score of twenty. This makes China a group oriented culture, and means that most of their decisions will be based on what would best benefit their own inner circle. In America, we consider employing close friends or family members to be a “conflict of interest”. However, this belief is completely opposite in China, and it seems to be the social norm.
Born February 5th 1985, Cristiano Ronaldo grew up on the Island of Madeira, located in Portugal. Raised by Maria Dolores dos Santos Aveiro and Jose Denis Aveiro; Cristiano was the youngest of four. Maria Dolores was a cook, while Jose worked as gardener. Cristiano has admired his dad for his love and responsibility towards his family. He showed the same work ethic in soccer. His mom remembers “Soccer was his passion. When he got home I’d tell him to do his homework. But he would say he didn’t have any. I’d be making dinner and he’d jump out of the window, grab some fruit and run off. He wouldn’t come home until nine o’ clock or sometimes even midnight.” (HDDDocumentaries) From a very young age, Cristiano new what he wanted to do. He would carry around a soccer ball everywhere he’d go. He would be dribbling with a friend in a back alley, or shooting around in the park. His sister remembers “we knew he had a gift for football, but we never knew he would reach the top.” (HDDDocumentaries) Cristiano started playing soccer in a small town club called Andorinha, where his father was the kit man. It is at this club where Cristiano displayed his technique with the ball at such a young age. Word spread around the Island, that Cristiano had an amazing talent, shortly after Ronaldo signed f...