The Components of Aerosols: [1] 1. Propellant 2. Container 3. Valve 4. Actuator 5. Product concentrate 1. The Propellant: It helps in developing the pressure that is required within the container. It also provides the driving force that is needed to expel the medicinal agent out of the container. It is of two types: i) Liquefied Gas Propellants ii) Compressed Gas Propellants i) The Liquefied Gas Propellants: These contain gases that are reduced to pressure that makes them liquid but in the headspace it is a gas. The pressure remains constant throughout the container that prolongs the life of the container. Eg: Cholrofluro carbons Hyrdrocarbons ii) The Compressed Gas Propellant: The headspace contains liquid. When the aerosol …show more content…
Solvents are usually blended in to mix well with the active ingredients to get the better effect of the drug.(6) ADVANTAGES OF AEROSOLS MEDICAMENT: . The constituents can be easily removed from package and without contamination and exposure. . They are easily administered without aid of others and are easy to apply. . As Aerosols is directly applied to the affected area thus onset of action is faster than other dosage form. . The distribution of aerosols is very good. . Due to the closed packing of aerosols there is no direct association with the aerosols. . Aerosols can avert the first fast metabolism and can also avert inactivation of drugs by enzymatic and PH action of the intestine. . No microorganisms can enter in aerosol products. . Aerosols container can preserve photosynthetic medicaments except those of gas container. . A refined mist drug is manufactured for inhalation purpose. . It provides a cooling effect. . Irritation can be reduced by applying aerosol medicaments without even touching the skin of effected area. (7) DISAVANTAGES OF AEROSOLS MEDICAMENT: . The clearance of empty aerosols container is
- Helps decreases inflammation in the body, which helps to prevent diseases, build a strong immune system, and treat current disease
Makes the bladder muscles stronger. This supplement allows you greater control of your bladder muscles so you can empty it completely during urination.
· If spilt on clothes or skin, wash with water to prevent harm to the
Size and stability: Liquid formulation can be bulky, difficult to transport and store.1 During storage under the stated conditions, it’s necessary that oral solutions are not subject to precipitation, fast sedimentation, caking or formation of lump.2 They have poor stability compare to solid dosage form formulation due to hydrolysis.1 Therefore, it’s important to optimize the active ingredient stability in liquid formulation including those prepared from powder or granules.2
“Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) can be seen as two sides of the same coin. PK and PD have a definite relationship, assessing how much drug gets to the site of action and then what that action is. Both activities are essential in the complete investigation of the interaction between the drug and body, and play significant roles in both drug development and their continual use in the clinical setting (Institute Of Clinical Research, Clinical Pharmacology Special Interest Group, Pharmacokinetics vs. Pharmacodynamics).”
Rautemaa, R., Nordberg, A., Wuolijoki-Saaristo, K., & Meurman, J. (2006). Bacterial Aerosols in Dental Practice - a Potential Hospital Infection Problem? Journal of Hospital Infection, 64(1), 67-81.
the reaction; if it speeds it up, slows it down or changes it in any
Clarification of how it can be administered through clothes as well as direct contact with skin. Reinforce correct technique of administration and return demonstration provided by learner.
If the solid dissolved in the solvent at room temperature, then it was too soluble and that solvent could be eliminated. The acetanilide is completely dissolved in ethanol and dichloromethane, therefore eliminating them from being the suitable solvent. If the solid did not dissolve at room temperature then it was placed in the sand bath and left to boil. If the solid dissolved, it was placed in the ice bath and if crystals were observed coming out of the solution then the suitable solvent was found. The suitable solvent was water as the crystals came out once placed in the ice bath.
It makes the results as accurate as possible, as it allows the hydrochloric acid to be added drop by drop when the sodium hydroxide is close to neutralising. · Burette Stand - This holds the burette steady in place. · Funnel - This allows hydrochloric acid to be poured into the burette so none is spilt. · Pipette - This is used to accurately draw out the correct amount of a substance from a solution. · Safety Filler - This is used to draw the substance up the pipette
What type of gas do they disperse in the chamber? The type of gas that
Firstly, an amount of 40.90 g of NaCl was weighed using electronic balance (Adventurer™, Ohaus) and later was placed in a 500 ml beaker. Then, 6.05 g of Tris base, followed by 10.00 g of CTAB and 3.70 g of EDTA were added into the beaker. After that, 400 ml of sterilized distilled water, sdH2O was poured into the beaker to dissolve the substances. Then, the solution was stirred using the magnetic stirrer until the solution become crystal clear for about 3 hours on a hotplate stirrer (Lab Tech® LMS-1003). After the solution become clear, it was cool down to room temperature. Later, the solution was poured into 500 ml sterilized bottle. The bottle then was fully wrapped with aluminium foil to avoid from light. Next, 1 mL of 2-mercaptoethanol-β-mercapto was added into fully covered bottle. Lastly, the volume of the solution in the bottle was added with sdH2O until it reaches 500 ml. The bottle was labelled accordingly and was stored on chemical working bench.
Vacuum sealed plastic bottle as there is no air that can enter the container. It is also very resistant to damage because if it drops it will not break. They are also recyclable to a certain extent.
To begin with, the first type of hazard/exposure is fire and explosion. Fire is highly flammable and the vapor is heavier than normal air. It can travel for a considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. Fire can be of 3 types: small, large and fire involving tanks or cars or trailer loads. An acute hazard can be the vapor/air mixtures that cause explosions. One way of preventing is to not open flames and sparks as well as no smoking. It is also preferable to take off reactions in clo...
...ng these products they can change everything in the ozone and you could be a person that helps prevent farther damage to the Ozone. (Society, January 27 2014)