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Budgeting as an organizational planning tool
Advantages of budgeting system
Advantages of budgeting system
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Recommended: Budgeting as an organizational planning tool
A budget Is a fundamental discipline for any organisation. The word Budget comes from an old English word `Bougett’ which means a pouch or sack. In fact, it was a leather bag from which the British Chancellor of Exchequer (in charge of finance) took out his papers, which contained government financial programme for the coming year to present in the Parliament. The budget has historically played the centre stage in most of the organisations, systems of management control. Any organisations strategies are incomplete without the budget which gives the forecast to the financial undertaking that the organisation should follow for their success. However, recently it has been the subject of considerable criticism (Hansenetal, 2003). This essay will …show more content…
In some cases, the budgeting consumes a lot of managerial time, that makes budgeting a costly process. even-though budgeting helps a lot of big companies to evaluate their performance and trends of future sales and margin, this makes the small companies hard to afford to budget because of its huge investment in labour and time. Budgets won 't always be accurate all the time. In this new competitive world, the prices and margins are constantly under pressure and it is unpredictable. This has been a big challenge to the organisations working with the sales forecast of the next period but the desired outcome is not achieved in the real world situations because of the varying market needs and …show more content…
These software packages may also be efficient enough to collect and link information from the company’s accounting department to create a simpler process for creating and managing budgets, which will also be alterable by the management, incorporating any other provisions. These software packages are usually an invaluable tool for managing financial information and reviewing information in a real-time format.
All these conclude for the importance and the need for budgeting in every organisation. Budgeting helps the company to know their current performance margin and they can evaluate it for the better outcome. As the quote by Allen Lakein goes, "Failing to plan is planning to fail". If budgeting isn 't done it can affect the whole financial system even though the use for budgeting is being criticised by many, it has its own merits that stands out, thus the use of budget is important in every
Capital Budgeting encourages managers to accurately manage and control their capital expenditure. By providing powerful reporting and analysis, managers can take control of their budgets.
Budgeting is the track of money you receive, but allowing yourself to spend a certain amount without going in debt. Referring back to the statement I mentioned in the previous paragraph, this prepares us for the future. The effect this budgeting projecting has on me, is it taught me a life lesson. The lesson this taught me was that I can’t go all out spending a lot of money. I thoroughly understand this by me ending up on debt on my project. This had caused me to go back and modify my spending. I had to modify most of my wants to needs. Another topic we have learned dealing with the human needs are Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.
A company's budget serves as a guideline in planning and committing costs in order to meet tactical and strategic goals. Tactical goals such as providing budgetary costs for daily operations, and strategic objectives that include R&D, production, marketing, and distribution are all part of the budgeting process. Serving as a guideline rather than being set in stone, the budget is a snapshot of manager's "best thinking at the time it is prepared." (Marshall, 2003, p.496) The budget is a method in which to reign-in discretionary spending, and will likely show variances between what costs have been anticipated and what costs are actually incurred.
Accounting/Finance application systems like Peachtree, Net Suite and QuickBooks let you manage your business with a little or no experience. All three application systems allow the users to manage the companies' capital including bookkeeping, inventory, non-inventory & service items, sales orders, purchase orders, and reports. It allows the companies to keep tracking of the financial assets and at the same time have the information the accountant needs. Using the accounting/finance application system, makes it easier to enter and process the data rather than manually enter and process the data.
Management accounting in organisation is very important for decision-making and to make the business more efficient and therefore increasing its profits. Is the process of preparing accounts that can help managers to make day-to-day and short-term decisions, by providing them with accurate and timely key financial and statistical information...
Participative Budgeting is the situation in which budgets are designed and set after input from subordinate managers, instead of merely being imposed. The idea behind this sort of budgeting is to assign responsibility to subordinate managers and place a form of personal ownership on the final budget. Nearly two decades of management accounting research has resulted in equivocal findings on the consequences and effects of participative budgeting (Lindquist 1995). Participative budgeting certainly has various advantages, these include the transferral of information from subordinate to superior increased job satisfaction for the subordinate, budgetary responsibility and goal congruence. Its disadvantages include budgetary slack and negative motivation, however it is the conditions in which participative budgeting takes place determines whether the budgeting process is successful. The conditions are dependent on various factors such as the level of participation, level of subordinate influence, the extent to which budgetary slack takes place, volatility, job related information, and the complexity of the budget.
Transactional Processing The accounting software packages developed and distributed by Sage and Microsoft, respectively, each use their own methods for recording accounting information. Sage 50. There are three different areas that must be discussed. These are the revenue, expenditure, and financing cycles. These areas are written about from the author's own knowledge from using the software, as learned from the book by Carol Yacht (2013).
Stair, R.M., Reynolds, G.W., Gelinas, J.U. Jr., Sutton, S.G., Hunton, J.E., Albright, S.C., Winston, W.L. & Zappe, C. (2007) Accounting Information Systems and Financial Modelling, Thomson, South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Quantitative plans are called budgets. Budgets are prepared to impose cost controls on the activities of an organization (Chenhall, 1986).Budgets are then used to evaluate the performance of the management and budget itself is considered as a standard to evaluate the performance Solomon, 1956). The purpose of the budget is also to implement the strategy of the organization and communicate it to the employees of the organization Rickards (2006). The change in the external environment has led to the change in the budgeting approaches from the initial cash based budgets to the zerio based budgets (Bovaird, 2007).
Every government entity has a primary goal, which is to be as efficient and effective as possible while expending the smallest amount of resources. In addition, the resources expended cannot be more than the resources received as revenues. The budgeting process is a tool that assists government entities in being both efficient and effective. Before a budget can be adequately prepared, you must first understand the budgeting concept and secondly be knowledgeable of budget types.
Budget is combining your income and expenses to decide how much money you are going to spend on an item. Budget is an important step to determine your financial health and financial stability. It’s an important financial tool because it can help plan for expenses, cut cost were unneeded, save for future goals, plan for emergencies that occur inexpediently, and list what you are spending and saving.
Capital budgeting is one of the primary activities of a company. Most of the company uses capital budgeting for decision making process of selecting and evaluating long-term investment. The company have to make a right decision with respect to investment in fixed asset such as purchasing of new equipment and delivery vehicles, constructing additions to buildings and many more. The decision must be right because of the project involve huge amount of cash outflow and it is committed for many years.
Today, there is a range of computerised systems in the market that business can use to keep track of their finances; few of the most recognised for their performance are Sage, Microsoft Dynamics, Oracle, QuickBooks, SA...
It requires an adequate and sound organizational structure, that is, there must be a definite assignment of responsibility for each function of the enterprise. Budgeting compels all the members of management, from the top to bottom to participate in the establishment of goals and plans. Budgeting compels departmental managers to make plans in harmony with the other departments and of the entire enterprise. Budgeting helps the management to put down in figures what is necessary for a satisfactory performance. Budgeting helps the management to plan for the most economical use of labor, material and capital. Budgeting tends to remove the cloud of uncertainty that exists in many organizations, especially among lower levels of management, relative to basic policies and objectives. Budgeting promotes an understanding among members of management of their co-workers' problems. Budgeting force management to give adequate attention to the effects of general business conditions. Budgeting aids in obtaining bank credit as banks commonly require a projection of future operations and cash flows to support
Line item budgeting categorizes various expenses and places them in list format on a document for budgetary purposes. This type of budgeting is considered the heartbeat of budgeting due to the systematic method by which it controls revenue and expenses, this is made evident when Tyer and Willand (1992), pointed out “Statutory or administrative controls could be imposed on the transfer of funds from one-line item to another, or between broad categories of expenditure.” According to Schick (1971), “line item budgets were attractive to legislative officials because they did not focus explicit attention on substantive policy issues or choices.”