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Islam and science essay
Islamic golden age science achievements
Important islamic science
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During the Golden age of Islam, many advances were made in astronomy. Even though their was many achievements to help us with learning, but I think Astronomy is the best because without it, we wouldn’t know much about where or what we are. Some advances are that Muslims made further progress with the knowledge of space. In the 2nd century, Ptolemy made a model of what our universe looked like which Earth was the center. Later, Muslim scientists corrected his theory and saw that the Sun was the center of the universe. From that model, scientists got the base of their knowledge, and started to develope astronomy. One of their great advances was the Astrolabe. They used it to measure distances, finding latitudes, know the time, and the position
The surest foundation for the origin of science in its practical form is to be found in the ìco–rdination and standardization of the knowledge of common sense and of industry.î[1] One of the first occurrences of this co–rdination can be traced back to 2500 BCE in the form of edicts from the ancient Babylonian rulers, who issued royal standards of length, weight and capacity. Non-Semitic Sumerians also laid down the elements of mathematics and geometry at that time, making use of fractions, decimals, circles and radial angles. But knowledge as we know it today was tightly woven with magical notions, and as both spread westward they instilled in European thought a reverence for ìspecial numbers, their connections to the gods and the application of geometrical diagrams to the prediction of the future.î[2] As well, the ancient Babylonians were fascinated by the heavens. They were the first to make a map of the stars and associate them with animals like the Ram, Crab and Scorpion, names that we still use to this day. They also realized the periodicity and reliability of astronomical movement and phenomena, and were soon able to predict many of them. Tablets have been found dating to the sixth century BCE that predicted the relative positions of the sun and moon, as well as forecasted the occurrences of eclipses.[3] Out of all this knowledge the Babylonians built up a fantastic system of astrology, through which the starsówhich were thought to fix and foretell the course of human affairsówould give up their secrets.
Natural philosophy might have played a much smaller role in Islamic science but is not to be overlooked. Al ma’mun built observatories as high as three stories in order to gain a better understanding of the cosmos. With these tools, Islamic astronomers made accurate descriptions of the heavens and created their own geocentric views of the orbits of the heavenly bodies. Attached to many of these observatories were great libraries. Islamic libraries contained a wealth of knowledge which was taken from other civilizations and translated to Arabic such as the House of Wisdom. These libraries had upwards of 2 million books, a massive accomplishment considering they did not have movable type. The Islamic Empire also saw great advances in mathematical understanding with the creation of trigonometry and algebra.
Heavenly navigation techniques, that are used in the site of sun and stars in the sky, along with knowing that the earth is a spherical, which astronomers used as a beginning to be executed by sailors that was in Columbus time.
Centuries ago, people gazed into the night sky wondering what it was that they were looking at. When astronomers first started to study the night sky, like Galileo, Copernicus and even modern day astronomers, they all shared one goal, and that was to see further than anyone has ever before. The invention of the Hubble Space Telescope changed the study of astronomy forever. Astronomers were seeing and learning more in just days of the launch of the telescope than past astronomers had in their lifetimes. The Hubble Space Telescope is the most technologically advanced telescope to enter space. Its advanced technology has made it possible to obtain countless amounts of data about space and open many doors in the exploration of space. Its accuracy has and still is proving/debunking the myths of space.
When looking at the Abbasid caliphate, the mere thought of an Islamic age of scientific learning characterizes the time period with several caliphs endorsing the arts passionately. These caliphs, specifically Al Mansur and Haroun Al-Rashid, all looked at the arts with an intense, burning awareness in that their values, priorities, and personality traits that distinguish their reigns differ quite significantly. Despite Haroun Al Rashid’s brief glimpses of rage that changes the view of the audience of the great caliph, the reign of Al Mansur was only slightly more brutal and hated; but its important to note that that the two caliphs did in fact usher in a new age of rulers who had an extraordinary amount of appreciation for the arts.
...provided the means to measure the universe and advanced the first convincing analysis of new data on the nature of the nebulae; providing knowledge that came directly from the sky rather than by discussion or revelation. Hubble's astonishing milestones were light-years ahead of his time, forever changing our view of the Universe.
As the Qur’an was written in Arabic, it created a common language in the Islamic empire, making communication and trade easier. The economy benefited from the increase in trade which spread goods as well as Islamic ideas, culture, and knowledge. Islam attracted many scholars to big cities like Baghdad, where they studied at the House of Wisdom — a library and academy that included a huge collection of books and manuscripts in a variety of languages. Religion also gave rise to new discoveries such as the invention of the lunar calendar and astronomy because Muslims needed to know the direction of Mecca in order to complete their pilgrimage. Similar to Islam influencing the east, Christianity also shaped medieval Europe.
The Mayan people were great at science. Astronomy was one of their most advanced fields. The Mayas studied stars and planets. They could even predict eclipses. Using their knowledge, the Mayans created a very aculate 360 day calendar.
...or spreading Islam. Advancements in Science and Math helped Islam to move faster. Islam was uniquely successful to attract people towards it where bloodshed was rarely required.
Nicolaus Copernicus revolutionized science for many years to come. Astronomer Copernicus first hypothesized that the Sun, not the Earth, was in the center of the universe without even using a telescope. This was considered a crazy idea because at this time Ptolemy’s theory, in which the Earth was the center of the solar system, which was almost universally accepted. Copernicus studied his astronomy in secret because his beliefs at that time were considered heresy. But until later in life, he published a book called On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This explained that in more depth about his beliefs on the solar system. Even though Copernicus died about 471 years ago, he still influences astronomy today.
...ime period in a positive scientific light. The distinction between modern and medieval science was described as medieval science being more theoretical in nature and modern being of the more applied variety. Through the further presentation of the plethora of Islamic scientists, covering fields as diverse as astronomy, medicine, chemistry, and physics it has been shown, without a doubt, that significant scientific contributions were made in this period. Finally, the source of this misconception was exposed through the common accidental perception of the past as a European narrative. History can easily be focused around Europe, and to do so produces a view of the medieval era being stagnant. However, when one looks at the greater global picture, it is clear that the Islamic world more than makes up for this lull in innovation, successfully brightening the “Dark Age”.
The Achievements of The Islamic Civilization Islam, one of the most successful religions was started by Muhammad in Arabia and had a massive impact on the world. If it weren't for Islam the world would have been a very different place to live in. Muslims didn't always invent things; sometimes they improved on other people's inventions e.g. the number system, the astrolabe and much more. The first Muslims were Arabs and they went on to conquer many countries.
In India, there was an era called “the Golden Age of Indian Mathematics. At this period, several refined and advanced mathematics were recorded. The concept of sine, cosine, and tangent in land surveying and navigations were already known to them. In addition, the use of trigonometry to calculate the distance between the earth, the moon, and sun was already part of Hindu’s culture. As the western civilization made some innovations in astronomy, Indian had already grasped the idea that the sun, moon, and the earth form a right-angled triangle when the moon is in half full and situated directly opposite the sun. It is really surprising th...
They constructed the 12-month calendar which they based on the cycles of the moon. Other than that, they also created a mathematical system based on the number 60 which they called the Sexagesimal. Though, our mathematics today is not based on their system it acts like a foundation for some mathematicians. They also used the basic mathematics- addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, in keeping track of their records- one of their contributions to this world, bookkeeping. It was also suggested that they even discovered the number of the pi for they knew how to solve the circumference of the circle (Atif, 2013).
...roups that have been important to astronomy are the Akkadians, Egyptians, Chinese, Polynesians, and the Greeks. They used astronomy for navigation at sea, creating accurate calendars, making new inventions, and many more things! Some modern jobs in astronomy include Educational, Private industries, National Observatories and Laboratories. Also, some technical advances because of astronomy include many telescopes, tracking programs used by FedEx, and IRAF which is used to analyze computer systems. Even though astronomy is an incredibly interesting field, there are minimum job opportunities. Some of the jobs are included in the following fields: education, national observatories and laboratories, or in private industries. Astronomy has been the key to unlocking many new inventions and by connecting things from the past, to the present, and going into the future.