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Abnormal psychology review
All about abnormal psychology
Abnormal psychology review
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Introduction: Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology studies unusual patterns of behaviour, thought and emotions .It is a branch of psychology which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. Although much behaviour can be considered as abnormal, abnormal psychology generally deals with behaviour in a clinical context. Psychotic Disorders There are severe mental disorders that cause abnormal perception and thinking. People who are psychotic lose touch with reality. The main symptoms are hallucination and delusion. A behaviour change includes the following: 1. Social withdrawal from society 2. Anxiety or agitation 3. Depersonalization 4. Loss of appetite 5. Worse hygiene 6. Disorganized speech and behaviours 7. Catatonic behaviour …show more content…
Anxiety and its effects on day to day life. 2. Self mutilation behaviour, constant feeling of self harm. 3. Damage in interpersonal relationship. 4. Feeling of emptiness. 5. Extreme anger and its repercussion. 6. Substance abuse and irrational behaviour. 7. Impulsive behaviour such as in crime, sex without even thinking of consequences. 8. Suicidal thought and how these attempt affect other family member. BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER Borderline personality disorder is also known as ‘Emotionally Unstable’ personality disorder –impulsive or borderline type or emotional intensity disorder is a cluster B personality disorder. The essential features include a pattern of impulsively and instability of behaviours, interpersonal relationships and self image. The pattern is present by early adulthood and occurs across a variety of situations and contexts. Other symptoms include fears of abandonment, intense anger and irritability, the reason for which others have difficulty understanding. People with borderline personality disorder often engage in idealization and devaluation of others, alternating between high positive regard and great disappointment. Self harm, suicidal thoughts and substance abuse is
People with Borderline Personality Disorder tend to view the world as simple as possible. People who view the world like this, confuse the actions of others. (Hoermann et al, 2005) Recurrent thoughts about their relationships with others, lead them to experience extreme emotional reactions, great agony which they have a hard time controlling, which would result in engaging in self-destructive behaviors. Diagnosing a patient with this disorder can be challenging which is why is it is labeled as one of the difficult ones to diagnose. (Hoermann et al, 2005)
5. Recurrent alcohol use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.
An estimated 1.6%-5.9% of the adult population in the United States has BPD, with nearly 75% of the people who are diagnosed being women. Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder include Frantic efforts to avoid being abandoned by friends and family, Unstable personal relationships that alternate between idealizations, Distorted and unstable self-image, Impulsive behaviors that can have dangerous outcomes, Suicidal and self-harming behavior, Periods of intense depressed mood, irritability or anxiety lasting a couple hours/days, Chronic feelings of boredom or emptiness, Inappropriate, intense or uncontrollable anger - often followed by shame and guilt, and Dissociative feelings. The three main factors that could cause this mental illness are Genetics, Environmental factors, and Brain function. This illness can only be diagnosed by a mental health professional after a series of interviews with the patient and family/friends of the patient. The patient must also have at least five of the nine symptoms of this illness in order to be diagnosed. The most common treatment for this illness is some form of psychotherapy. Some other treatment options are to prescribe medications and if needed a short-term
Effects of medical problems e.g. results of strokes, Parkinson’s disease; effects of physiological changes e.g.constriction of cerebral circulation; degenerationof brain cells; aphasia,agnosia; mental health issues; inappropriate responses from others;fear of abuse.
Aggressiveness 5. Depression 2. Delinquency 6. Dependency anxiety (being 'clinging') 3. Dwarfism (retarded growth) 7.
Borderline Personality Disorder in “Girl Interrupted” The movie, “Girl Interrupted,”is about a teenage girl named Susanna Kaysen who has been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. People with Borderline Personality Disorder “are often emotionally unstable, impulsive, unpredictable, irritable, and anxious. They are also prone to boredom. Their behavior is similar to that of individuals with schizotypal personality disorder, but they are not as consistently withdrawn and bizarre” (Santrock, 2003).
Identification of any psychosocial or contextual factors to be considered, as outlined in the DSM-5
In order for someone to be diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder, they must experience at least five of the following symptoms: 1) fear of abandonment, 2) a history of intense and unstable relationships with family, friends, and loved ones, which often go back and forth between idealization (which includes love and extreme closeness) to devaluation (which includes extreme hatred or anger), 3) a disto...
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) affects about 4% of the general population, and at least 20% of the clinical psychiatric population. (Kernberg and Michels, 2009) In the clinical psychiatric population, about 75% of those with the disorder are women. BPD is also significantly heritable, with 42-68% of the variance associated with genetic factors, similar to that of hypertension. BPD can also develop due to environmental factors such as childhood neglect and/or trauma, insecure attachment, and exposure to marital, family, and psychiatric issues. (Gunderson, 2011)
non-integration between states of mind, a loss of differentiating, and emotional dis-regulation. People with Borderline Personality Disorder have states of mind that are chaotic, disregulated, and non-integrated. Transitions between these states of mind are rapid, and dramatic (Davidon et al., 2007). These effect other aspects of people’s lives.
Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology in the area within psychology that is focused on maladaptive behavior-its causes, consequences, and treatment. Abnormal psychology deals with how it feels to be different, the meanings the get attached to being different, and how society deals with people whom it considers to be different. The spectrum of differences is wide, ranging from reality defying delusions and severe debilitations to worries and behavioral quirks that we would be better off not having but do not significantly interfere with our daily lives. An example of the milder end of the spectrum is a man who was an eminently successful district attorney, was elected governor of New York on three occasions, and was almost elected president of the United States in 1948. This man, Thomas E. Dewy, reached the pinnacle of success, displaying such qualities as rectitude, efficiency, precision, and nearly limitless capacity for hard work.
Borderline personality disorder affects about 1.6% of the entire u.s. population (Salters-Pedneault). BPD is five times more likely to occur in a person if they have a close family member that already has the disorder (National Institute of Mental Health) . An example of a close family member would be the person’s mother or father. Symptoms of BPD consist of unstable relationships with their family, friends and loved ones. The person will swing from extreme closeness and love to extreme dislike. The person will also experience impulsive behaviors that are not safe. They have intense mood swings and have inappropriate, intense anger that they have a hard time controlling. A person struggling with BPD will also experience stress-related, paranoid thoughts (National Institute of Mental Health). Another mental health disorder is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD is a non genetic disorder that affects 7-8% of the u.s. Population (U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs). The disease develops in people who have experienced an immense emotionally shocking or dangerous event. The events can range from near death experiences to sudden, unexpected deaths of loved ones. Symptoms of PTSD usually start within three months of the shocking or dangerous event. PTSD sufferers can experience flashbacks, feelings of guilt or blame, angry outbursts, negative feelings about the world, and a loss of interest in enjoyable activities (National Institute of Mental Health). Another mental health disorder is Schizophrenia. People suffering from this disorder experience hallucinations and delusions that they believe to be real (National Institute of Mental Health). They also experience a reduction in expressed emotions and reduced feelings of pleasure in everyday life, such as increased difficulty to begin and sustain activities and a reduction in the amount of speaking the
The history of BPD can be traced back to 1938 when Adolph Stern first described the symptoms of the disorder as neither being psychotic nor psychoneurotic; hence, the term ‘borderline’ was introduced (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009, p. 15). Then in 1960, Otto Kernberg coined the term ‘borderline personality organization’ to describe persistent patterns of behavior and functioning consisting of instability, and distressed psychological self-organization (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2009, p. 15).
Borderline personality disorder, abbreviated to BPD, is an illness regarding mental health that spawns a great deal of emotional unsteadiness and unpredictability and has the capability to trail off into other stressing mental and behavioral difficulties. This psychological disorder known as borderline personality disorder is not entirely portrayed within the very beginning of the movie. Displayed is a young woman at the age of eighteen with a strange lifestyle where she considered all types of sex as casual. Her graduation day is shown where she has actually fallen asleep. As regards that sleepiness, depicted is
In the field of abnormal psychology, the study of the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral problems is studied. Abnormal behavior is defined as behavior that is unacceptable in certain social setting, cause distress, self-defeating and often includes distorted thoughts. Having anxiety before a job interview is normal; believing that the interviewer will kill you is abnormal. Another example is depression, which under normal circumstances is acceptable; losing a job can trigger this. However, failing to look for a job and complaining is abnormal.