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Stealth technology
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The Lockheed Martin F-22a Raptor fighter jet is the pinnacle of modern stealth technology. Featuring the absolute latest in radar absorbent covering and aircraft design, this plane not only defies, but also laughs at enemy attempts to spot it, showing up as a blip the same size as a marble would on radar. Throughout the ages, it has not been he with the bigger stick who won the war, but he with the stick that could not be seen. Stealth technology and camouflage have been an integral part of warfare from when man first waged war, but how have advances from ancient technology led us to what we have today? Evolving from hiding in a bush to the Japanese Ninja’s ability to simply disappear in the surroundings to modern military camouflage dress to the F-22 and beyond, the ability to conceal oneself from the enemy is an observable advantage in wars throughout history. However, what technologies led us to what now exist? Who first discovered how it works, who was the first to use it, and how indeed does modern stealth technology work? How has camouflage come to make it so that soldiers and vehicles can simply disappear? For everyone from assassins to military members, the ability to go unseen is a valuable technology with a long history.
The first widely recorded use of what could be said is camouflage came with the Ninjas of feudal Japan. Though few actual written records exist of these shadowy assassins, records of their stealth and knowledge in the art of staying hidden live on. Masters in the art of not remaining unseen, the Ninja would “use any type of clothing that would get them closer to the mission goal“(EnterTheNinja.com). This could include not only the standard black pajamas many a person associates with the shadowy assassi...
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...designed to simulate the effect of radar waves on different surfaces (CentannialOfFlight.gov). this was a marked advancement in stealth technology, because for the first time scientists realized that utilizing faceted surfaces, they could scatter almost all radar waves the hit an object away from the source thus making the said object invisible to radar detection, or nearly so. In 1977, this discovery was utilized in a new airframe for the F-117 Nighthawk. This new plane was designed entirely to avoid enemy electronic detection. With a revolutionary faceted design coated with RAM, or radar absorbent materials, the new plane was near-invisible to radar detection, and a new type of exhaust system lessened the heat trail coming from the plane’s engines, making for the first time an aircraft with a minimal infrared signature in addition to its minimal radar signature.
For as long as most of the world can remember aviation has played a major factor in how wars are fought. Starting in World War I the worlds fighting forces began using aircraft to conduct surveillance missions over enemy territory. While these aircraft were not the masters of stealth that todays aircraft are there was no technology to take down these planes at the time. Air-to-air combat was an event that rarely happened and was almost never effective.
In today’s world, the use of airplanes in wars or in everyday life has become a part of how we live as human beings. Removing the air forces of the world is like taking a step back in time when wars were only fought on land or sea. WWI began only eleven short years after the Wright brothers achieved powered flight in 19031 and yet aircrafts were being used for surveillance and eventually combat purposes. It is understood that these aircrafts were primitive, but they laid down the foundation for what we know today as fighter jets. The Fokker Eindecker “revolutionized air combat by successfully employing a synchronized forward -firing machine gun mounted on the engine cowling”2. Because this airplane became the first to successfully use a synchronized machine gun, it allowed its pilots to become the first aerial combat tactitions3.
Espionage was vital in the war effort of both the allied and axis powers during World War II. Espionage can take many different forms. Deception, leaking of false information, coding and encryption of information, sabotage, and sending spies in to gather intelligence are all were all used during the war and were all effective. Many of the turning points for the allied forces occurred due to various forms of espionage and deception. Depending on which side of the fence you're sitting on, espionage was either a blessing or a curse.
Germany developed a 'night fighter' force to counteract the bomber fleet. They were equipped with an on board radar, which enabled them to locate the bombers in the darkness. The German industry was sub-divided in an attempt to minimise the effectiveness of bombing raids.
It all started on December 7th, 1941. America had entered their Second World War following the Pearl Harbor attacks. America started its Pacific Campaign against the Imperial Japanese Army. After three years, America joined with fellow allied nations and invaded Nazi- Occupied France codename Operation Overlord. This was the biggest amphibious invasion ever recorded. From Pearl Harbor to the fall of Berlin in the spring of 1945, the American bomber plane helped defeat the Nazi regime, end the war in the Pacific, and revolutionize modern warfare.
This paper will briefly discuss or attempt to discuss the evolution of Aerial Reconnaissance. I will talk about what reconnaissance is exactly and why it is important to every aspect of conflicts; before, during and after. Early methods of reconnaissance will be discussed and then lead to how aerial reconnaissance came about. I will talk about what platforms were used for aerial reconnaissance and what their missions were in the beginning. World War I forces aircraft technology to start advancing out of necessity, reconnaissance starts moving further and further out front as capabilities improve. During World War II cameras are being used on aircraft as that technology improves. During World War II we see aerial reconnaissance mainly
The. Johnson, David E. Fast Tanks and Heavy Bombers: Innovation in the U.S. Army, 1917-1945. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998. Print. The. "
Reading, Gwem. "Radar Operator in WW2." Letter. 8 Nov. 2003. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. BBC WW2 People's War. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.
"Radar during World War II." - GHN: IEEE Global History Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. .
"Wrights’ Perspective on the Role of Airplanes in War." Wright Stories Wright Brothers Inventing The Airplane History of Flight Kitty Hawk Wright Contemporaries Military Airplane RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr.
Arnold, S.L. and Stahl, David T., “A Power Projection Army in Operations Other Than War (Winter 1993-94)
In the war between countries, technology has played a huge part in the outcome; this is especially evident during the time of World War II. Technology in warfare consisted of weapons, vehicles, aircrafts, and chemical reactants. Technology during World War I was lacking and countries knew when World War II began that in order for them to be victorious they must have the most technologically advanced weapons and other devices or systems that would benefit the nation. The Allies were victorious in WW2 because they made better use of the available technologies than the Germans, advancing in communication/detection systems such as sonar and the radio, as well as, weapons including the atomic bomb, and bomber aircrafts.
“More than most professions, the military is forced to depend upon intelligent interpretation of the past for signposts charting the future.... The facts derived from historical analysis he [the soldier] applies to conditions of the present and the proximate future, thus developing a synthesis of appropriate method, organization, and doctrine.... These principles know no limitation of time. Consequently the Army extends its analytical interest to the dust-buried accounts of wars long past as well as to those still reeking wit the scent of battle. It is the object of the search that dictates the field for its pursuit.”1
Technology changes every day, sometimes the events in our life shape what new technology we use. You would have to be living in a hole not know that we are in conflict with Iraq, and this event has changed digital warfare.
Samurai masks were worn into a battle known as Mempo, they were designed both to protect the head and face of the samurai and strike terror in the heart of the