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Theory of automobile industries
Impact of the american automobiles industry
Economic effects of the automobile
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The automobile industry has brought the United States economic growth due to the impact that automobiles have made on society. There has been a plethora of jobs associated with the auto industry, including manufacturing, auto repairs, insurance, and the development of roads, sales, and auto parts to enhance vehicles. Cars, trucks, and SUVs’ have become a way of life for people and have made an additional economic impact by becoming the primary means of transportation for consumers to commute to and from work, vacations, and travel between destinations. Most family households live on a budget and they must make the decision of how much of their budget they can allocate to transportation costs.
The automotive industry is considered elastic as the prices fluctuate depending on supply and demand. This product, the automobile, has become a necessity of life in current day, whereas at its inception, owning a vehicle was a luxury. At that time, because there were other means of transportation the automobile demand was low making the price of autos elastic. As the auto industry grew over the years the demand became increasingly higher, more so when there was the onset of different makes and models of vehicles. While the demand for vehicles increased, the price remained stable for a time making the demand inelastic because there was not much change in the price. In current times consumers can choose from a vast amount of makes of vehicles with as many models that although the auto itself has become a necessity, some cars could be considered a luxury. For instance, it may be necessary to own a vehicle however, not a necessity to have it equipped with a sunroof, navigation systems and DVD players. Another factor that directly affects the supply and demand of autos is the price of oil inflating fuel cost so less of the population is purchasing automobiles. This directly affects the manufacturing of how many vehicles are being produced. Therefore, the price of cars increases because the demand is low making the price elasticity of demand elastic. Consumers are purchasing more fuel-efficient
A Nation on Wheels 3
foreign cars, which are an alternative substitute, allowing consumers to still have the new car they desire at a lesser cost. Some American consumers have difficulty buying foreign made imports but because having a car is a necessity to most people, many have had to purchase what best suits their personal and financial needs.
AutoZone has responded to changes in its' macro environment by placing stores in regions "that have large number of vehicles seven years old and older because of these cars' need for repairs and maintenance" (Wikinvest.com, 2012). Nationally, sales of new automobiles were at a 30-year low in 2009, but they have since rebounded slightly. Customers are still reluctant to buy new vehicles due to concern over high prices and general jitters about the economy. To combat this, many manufacturers have been offering discounts to lure consumers to purchase. As a result, AutoZone is facing a boon in the marketplace- "the cars and trucks in America's driveways have reached a record old age" (USAToday, 2012). In addition, there are more vehicles registered in the U.S. than previously.
“Americans’ Love Affair with Cars, Trucks and SUVS Continues.” USA Today. USA Today, 30 August 2003. Web. 5 January 2012.
In the July 1997 issue of Commentary, James Q. Wilson challenges the consensus among academia’s finest regarding the automobile in his bold article, Cars and Their Enemies. Directed towards the general public, his article discredits many of the supposed negatives of the automobile raised by experts, proves that the personal car is thriving and will continue to thrive because it meets individual preference over other means of transportation, as well as presents solutions to the social costs of cars. Wilson emphasizes that no matter what is said and done in eliminating the social costs of the automobile, experts are not going to stop campaigning against it.
In the United States, modern car manufacturing has been historically dominated by the American companies including Ford Motor Co., Chrysler Group LLC, and General Motors Co. These three companies, known as the Detroit Three, controlled 95% of the market in the 1950’s and the dominance continued until the beginning of the 21st century. In the 1980’s Japanese auto manufacturers entered the United States, a decade later the Germans, and finally in 2000’s the Koreans. By the end of 2009, the Detroit Three only accounted for 45% of the total U.S. auto market. Another factor that had influence on this was constant fluctuations in gasoline prices and price sensitive consumers. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, gas prices hit record high averaging $3.07 per gallon in May 2007 and kept climbing up to $4.08 in July 2008. As gas prices kept increasing, consumer buying trends have been changing. In 2006 sales for SUVs, pickup trucks, and vans dropped 16%, while the market for compact cars rose by 3%. Unfortunately, the Detroit Three were not prepared for this since their...
Automobiles play an essential role in American society. As if being the major means of transportation was not impressive enough, automotives can be seen on T.V., in movies, in magazines, and can sometimes be indicative of a person’s wealth and social status. On average, Americans drive nearly 40 miles and drive for just over 50 minutes driving per person per day (http://www.bts.gov). That means a person spends roughly one-sixteenth of a day driving. It would make sense, then, to make such an essential part of society as efficient, cost effective, and clean as possible. However, that is not the case. As the years have passed cars have actually begun to move away from efficiency. Hawken writes, “[The automobile] design process has made cars ever heavier, more complex, and usually costlier. These are all unmistakable signs that automaking has beco...
To properly illustrate externalities that may shift the supply and demand curve in the U.S. auto market over the next five years, it is necessary to look at the recent events having affected the U.S. auto industry during the recession and the strides U.S. auto makers have made to recover from near devast...
The world of technology is ever changing and advancing. With the automotive industry in play technology is constantly surpassing what is available today with what can be done for tomorrow. Technology and the automotive industry go hand in hand with constant improvement to components of cars. Due to technology advancement there is competition within the car industry, especially between American car companies and European car companies. European car companies provide their buyers with innovative variety and revolutionary luxuries. European car technology is superior to American car technology due to their safety, entertainment, and luxury features.
A third cause of the high prices is that the types of cars and trucks we are driving tod...
A vehicle is one of the biggest purchases a person will ever make. Over the years, the prices of an automobile have increased due to the rise of inflation. Due to a price index, the price of an automobile changes over a certain period of time. Economists compare averages of automobiles to calculate the cost of each vehicle that presents itself on a car lot. When all of the above is calculated within the purchase of an automobile, it affects every area of making the automobile to selling the automobile. All of these factors are impacted together for the automobile industry as a whole.
The first one would be the decline in demand of private car among young customers. Comparing to generation X, a larger proportion of generation Y in Europe prefers public transportation or renting a car rather than driving their own car to reduce costs and enhance convenience as well as safety (Deloitte, 2014). Another cause of low growth is due to the overcapacity of automotive industry in developed cities. There is a central characteristic of the automotive business that most car manufacturers are facing the slim margins between profit and loss (Orsato & Wells, 2007). Due to the imperative of economies of scale, the automakers boost their production volume to maximize their profits. This phenomenon causes the car market being
The price of cars will caused movements along the demand curve. In addition, shifts of the demand curve for cars will be caused by the price of complement goods, the appearance of substitute products, citizens’ income and the government policies.
Types of goods will help us determine whether demand for cars is elastic or inelastic. If a good is considered to be a luxury rather than a necessity, the greater is the price elasticity of demand (McConnell & Brue, 2004). Cars can be deemed as necessary due to a need for transportation. Other types of cars can be classified as luxury. A person who needs to be able to get from one place to another will have the need for a car. An old vehicle may suffice. In such a scenario, buying a brand new car is more likely to be a luxury rather than a necessity. If car prices go up, people are more inclined to just keep driving their old vehicles. In essence, the cars already on the road would serve as substitutes for new cars. However, over a longer period of time, old cars tend to wear out and the elasticity of demand for vehicles is less.
SUV’s have become the center of a large controversy in the last couple of years. Many studies have been conducted on the relation to the economy and the popularity of the SUV. The sport utility vehicle not only affects the economy with its gas-guzzling capabilities during a time of war, but with the safety questions that have continued to arise.
From Ancient Mesopotamia came a revolutionary tool that has crystallized the world into the complex civilization it is today, the wheel. The wheel has commutated the very way we live and think about the world and all credit goes to Ancient Mesopotamia for providing this life changing invention. Wheels are everywhere we look and in places that you wouldn't even think. Wheels are used everyday in some way or another and come in many sizes and innumerable different materials and purposes. This prodigious invention has helped ancient Mesopotamians work, move, and live and still helps us today.
With convenience comes cost. There are many costs associated with owning a car. Firstly learning to drive can be prohibitive, with lessons often out of a lot of peoples budgets. Once you have passed your test buying a car can also prove expensive. It is often the case we have to buy cheap second hand cars as new cars are very expensive. Sometimes this is fine and you can have a reliable car, but other times you pick one up that’s not been well maintained and can cost you a fortune in repairs and keeping it on the road.