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Sociological perspective on alcohol use
Sociological perspective on alcohol use
Sociological problems with alcohol
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In society there are many different types of power. Socially someone could be more influential than another person, physically someone could have the ability to lift more weight than another, politically some people’s beliefs and ideas are taken more seriously than others. Humans crave to possess some sort of power over something or someone. In the book A History of the World in 6 Glasses by Tom Standage, he shows that the sources of power throughout history can be explained by whoever controlled the influx of certain drinks. The Arabs originally controlled the source of coffee and as the demand grew the pressure to keep the plant to themselves became more imperative. Rum, which is made from leftover molasses, was more easily obtained. The …show more content…
power to control who was able to produce rum and who was not lead to many actions being taken. Tea was the greatest source of revenue for an empire that expound over a vast majority of the world’s surface. Without being able to dominate the tea trade the jurisdiction of the British empire would not have been so profound as it was. Though these beverages played only part of a role for these different people rise to power they were critical for success of these empires and to the advancement of the world as a whole. Coffee is known as the Great Soberer. It had the ability to alter one’s state of mind, but in a different way than alcohol. Being that coffee possesses caffeine, it is able to sharpen the mind and help people stay more alert. Without coffee crucial scientific advancements would not have happen at such a speed that they did. Coffee would bring people of interest together, no matter what the interest may be. As different groups of people formed the government of which these people fell under jurisdiction began to question the well being of these gatherings. People would assemble in coffeehouses and depending on where in the world you were would discuss different topics. In Britain the coffeehouse were less government controlled. Coffeehouses became a place for people to meet and freely discuss their ideas with one another. In France however, the coffeehouse atmosphere was completely different. Women were allowed in French coffeehouse which was something that was not allowed in the English society. The government in France did not endorse the idea of so many people assembling and discussing whatever could be of interest. They feared that this could result in people banning together and rebelling against the French government, so in order to prevent a rebellion from happening, French spies were often present in the coffeehouses. If they were to hear anything unfavorable about the government they could quite possibly arrest that person. The struggle to control how coffee brought people together was one that was very pertinent at this time. Coffee gathered people which was something that government did not want. Ideas now were being spread and people started to become more enlightened of the world around them. Rum was unlike coffee and tea in who controlled it.
Rum was more easily obtained and could be made by the common person. Rum is made from molasses and as a result of who was able to control the molasses the more power that empire had. Rum was especially popular in the thirteen colonies amongst other places. Britain wanted to have a source of revenue from the colonies, so they tried to prohibit them from buying molasses from other sources, like France. Britain was not able to keep up with the supply and demand of rum, so as a result smuggling became socially acceptable. Britain imposed the Molasses Act on the colonies, which was supposed to make it so more sugar from the British Islands was being bought over the French. Though the Molasses Act was not effective the concept of being able to control how rum was traded was valued highly. The British tried to show the amount of authority they had over the colonists with imposing many different tariffs on them. People did not fight over who was able to control the intact of rum and the cultural effects of it, but the production. Colonist were beginning to realize that the people who they fell under jurisdiction were not best for the rise country. Without rum having enraged the americans the start of the revolutionary war would have happened at a later
time. The East India Tea Company was a corporation that held more power than most do now. Being that Britain was so large at this time, the East India Tea Company was able to reach many different places and many different people. They had grown so large that they were able to pass laws in parliament in their favor. The company, as they grew, began to realize how much power they had. The began to not only control the tea distribution, but became involved with the opium trade. They were able to develop a very elaborate scheme that allowed them to be involved with the trade but under the radar. They did this all to have more control over the tea. If Britain had not been the main distributer of tea the power of the empire would not have been as immense. Tea started only as a drink for the royal but by the end of the eighteenth century every person was drinking it, from the poorest to the wealthiest. The reason that the british were able to profit so much from it was due to the vast amount of people who demanded it in their day to day lives. Tea created an empire so great that the world has not seen anything like it since. The struggle to obtain power in any way necessary is one that humans having been dealing with since the beginning of time. Through these three beverages different sources of authority tried to intervene and figure out a way where they were able to be the only one producing it. People were beginning to come together and be more aware of the world around them. Production of these drinks helped the world make new advancements that were pivotal to the time. An ideal system of government was also created in people’s minds. They were fighting with the idea of too much authority and too little authority. The amount of power set back then set the standards for society now. The concept of solely controlling a certain product and then profiting greatly from it began common. In today’s world this idea still exists though is not as prominent as it used to be, it is human nature to find a source of power in everything.
Starting in 1763, policies likes the Grenville program and the Sugar Act united the colonists against the British, despite their own internal conflicts. Numerous acts were placed on the colonies during 1764, such as the Sugar Act and the Currency Act. The Sugar Act lowered the duty on molasses and increased the duty on sugar, even forming new courts to try smugglers. The Currency Act enforced that none of the colonies would be
In the early eighteenth century consumer goods flooded American markets, the colonists needed to sell what they produced in order to purchase British goods that were beyond their ability to manufacture and therefore made them feel more a part of the British "empire of goods".
It was obvious that the Colonists weren’t responding well to tighter control from the British, but they did not know how to handle it except to squeeze tighter. In an effort to bring back the East India Company from bankruptcy, the British Crown granted them a monopoly on tea sales to the American Colonies. Without competition, the East India Company had full control over the prices they set. This infuriated the colonists. Pamphlets and protests did not seem to be cutting it anymore, so some felt like action needed to be taken.
In The Looking Glass Wars by Frank Beddor, the sweet nonsensical story of Alice in Wonderland is retold in an interestingly strange way that includes everything from war and rebellion, to love. Towards the beginning of the story Alyss is forced to leave Wonderland after having her castle ambushed by her evil Aunt Redd. Hatter Madigan, her mother’s trusted bodyguard, is told by Queen Genevieve herself to look after the young princess but is separated from her when they enter the Pool of Tears. He eventually finds her in england where she had been staying for the duration of her time on Earth, and takes her back to wonderland where she reclaims her throne. By altering this story, Bedder adds a more significant twist to what was a children’s book, creating many meaningful themes to go along with his version that develop throughout the novel. One example is taking responsibility, which is evident in many of the actions involving the characters Hatter Madigan, Alyss Heart, and Dodge Anders.
What is power to a human? As time has gone by, there have been many forms of control and influence in the world. Many strive to achieve total rule over a society or group of individuals. Yet the question still presents itself to the average man. Why does man desire power so greatly even though there is visible trouble that follows? Shelley’s Frankenstein, Vonnegut’s “Harrison Bergeron”, and Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, whether through the situation or the character themselves, depict the evils and hardships due to an imbalance and poor management of power.
In concern to the American Revolution, there are two sides debating its primary cause. One set of historians believe the cause to be ideals and principles. The other set of historians and scholars credit economic and social interests as the primary cause of the Revolutionary War. Historians Jesse Lemisch and Dirk Hoerder used the mobs in colonial cities as evidence of the social concerns of Americans at that time. Another Historian, Arthur M. Schlesinger argued in a 1917 study “that it was the colonial merchants who were chiefly responsible for arousing American resistance to the British; and that although they spoke of principles and ideals, their real motives were economic self-interest: freedom from the restrictive policies of British mercantilism.” This argument is very concrete and is supported by the different legislation that the British Parliament passed after the Seven Years’ War. In fact, an act was passed in 1764 by the Parliament that was instrumental in specifically angering the merchants that played a major role in leading the Americans to independence. That piece of legislation was the Sugar Act which placed a tax on sugar being brought into the colonies. This tax was a significantly less than the one that was logged in the book previously; however, that tax had been ignored for years. The initial response of the merchants to this piece of legislation was anger because this new law cut off their highly profitable smuggling organizations which greatly affected their earnings. Soon after tha...
There were great economic problems in the colonies at the time. For one thing, the prices of tobacco, the major economic base of the colonies, were falling fast. To add to the decrease in tobacco price, Great Britain was also increasing taxes on the Americans. This did not help the situation in the colonies.
There were many causes leading up to the Revolutionary War. Great Britain helped the American colonies during the French and Indian War. The French and Indian War resulted in a large debt the British needed to repay. In order to produce enough money to repay the debt, Great Britain placed The Sugar Act, The Stamp Act, and The Townshend Act on American colonists. “Parliament said it had
After the Seven Year War, Britain now needed to find ways to generate money, and felt that since the war was fought on American land that they should help pay for its cost, and they decided to issue new taxes on the colonies trying to offset some of the cost of the war. One of the first acts they presented was the Sugar act in 1764, lowering the duties on molasses but taxed sugar and other items that could be exported to Britain. It also enforced stronger laws for smuggling, where if prosecuted, it would be a British type trial without a jury of their peers. Some Americans were upset about the Sugar Act because it violated two strong American feelings, first that they couldn't be tried without a jury of their peers, and the second that they couldn't be taxed without their consent.
The colonies would grow and produce products that were needed in England, and in turn would buy manufactured goods made in England. Some producers were granted bounties, tobacco planters had a guaranteed monopoly of the British market, and the colonists enjoyed the rights of Englishmen and were protected by England, one of the strongest and most powerful countries in the world. (Merits and Menaces of Mercantilism) However, despite all these benefits, the mercantile system was an enormous burden on the colonies. Many traders and manufacturers became indebted to England, because they traded primarily on credit. Virginia tobacco planters received the worst end of it because overproduction caused prices to fall, causing many planters to plummet into debt. Trade among other countries was heavily regulated; in certain cases it was even prohibited. In 1651, Parliament passed the Navigation Acts, which required British crews to run the now British-made ships and created a long list of “enumerated goods” that had to be shipped to England before going anywhere else. (faculty.polytechnic.org) For a while these laws were laxly enforced and colonial traders continued to smuggle goods to avoid paying heavy taxes. Prime Minister George Grenville ordered strict enforcement of the Navigation Acts in 1763, and British officials began to crack down on smugglers. It then became even harder for American traders to buy, sell, and manufacture their goods without British intrusion. The colonists felt as if they were being kept in a “state of perpetual adolescence” because the trade was so heavily controlled. (Merits and Menaces of Mercantilism) These exasperating laws caused a great deal of tension between Britain and the colonies, tension that would evolve into the revolutionary war. This tension and frustration, I believe, would have prompted me to sign the Declaration of
The imperial tactics of the British Empire were exercised on the colonists through heavy taxes trade restrictions because of their mercantilist economy. The Stamp Act taxed the colonists directly on paper goods ranging from legal documents to newspapers. Colonists were perturbed because they did not receive representation in Parliament to prevent these acts from being passed or to decide where the tax money was spent. The colonists did not support taxation without representation. The Tea Act was also passed by Parliament to help lower the surplus of tea that was created by the financially troubled British East India Company. The colonists responded to this act by executing the Boston Tea Party which tossed all of the tea that was imported into the port of Boston. This precipitated the Boston Port Act which did not permit the colonists to import goods through this port. The colonists protested and refused all of these acts which helped stir the feelings of rebellion among the colonists. The British Mercantilist economy prevented the colonists from coin...
There were many factors that led up to the American Revolutionary War, one of these factors were the laws and acts being passed at the time. The British Parliament attempted to limit the power the American Colonist had at the time by taking away from their income. How they did this one may ask? The simple answer is taxes. One of the many taxes imposed was the stamp act. During this time the American colonies were being oppressed by the British one of the first signs of this was the Stamp Act. The act stated that almost anything written had to be stamped and tax...
Power has been defined as the psychological relations over another to get them to do what you want them to do. We are exposed to forms of power from the time of birth. Our parents exercise power over us to behave in a way they deem appropriate. In school, teachers use their power to help us learn. When we enter the work world the power of our boss motivates us to perform and desire to move up the corporate ladder so that we too can intimidate someone with power one day. In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Kurtz had a power over the jungle and its people that was inexplicable.
Leading up to the time of the Revolutionary War, seven policies were passed by Britain in hopes of controlling the colonies. These acts culminated in the Quebec Act which persuaded many Americans into supporting the revolutionary effort. The Proclamation of 1763 was the first policy passed by the British. This forbid any settlement west of Appalachia because the British feared conflicts over territory in this region. The proclamation, however, infuriated the colonists who planned on expanding westward. The Sugar Act was passed shortly after in 1764. This act sought harsher punishment for smugglers. The next act to be passed was possibly the most controversial act passed by Britain. The Stamp Act passed in 1765 affected every colonist because it required all printed documents to have a stamp purchased from the British authority. The colonist boycotted British goods until the Stamp Act was repealed but quickly replaced by the Declaratory Act in 1766. The British still held onto the conviction that they had the right to tax the Americans in any way they deemed necessary. The Declaratory Act was followed by the Townshend Acts of 1767. This imposed taxes on all imported goods from Britain, which caused the colonies to refuse trading with Britain. Six years passed before another upsetting act was passed. In 1773, the Tea Act placed taxes on tea, threatening the power of the colonies. The colonies, however, fought back by pouring expensive tea into the Boston harbor in an event now known as the Boston Tea Party. The enraged Parliament quickly passed the Intolerable Acts, shutting down the port of Boston and taking control over the colonies.
...elped to bring on the Revolutionary War like the Stamp and Sugar Act, and the Boston massacre, the roots of the war may lie in the first colonists to settle in the new world. Colonists were forced to rely on themselves for much of their existence while support from their home country was across this ocean. This forced independence in the early days of the colonies helped to inspire a strength that ultimately lead to belief that the colonists were best ruling themselves, something they felt that they'd been doing all along.