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Strengths and weaknesses of official crime statistics
Strengths and weaknesses of official crime statistics
Actual crime rates compared to official rates
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A Comparison of Official Crime Statistics and the Actual Crime Rate
Introduction
I chose the title ‘Do official crime statistics where I live reflect
the actual crime rate?’ This is an investigation in which I will have
to compare the official crime statistics in my area with crime
statistics found by the British crime survey and my own research.
I chose this title for many reasons. I think that the gap between
official crime statistics and the hidden crime figure is a large one.
I believe this is partially the fault of the police and our system. I
think that people in society do not feel they can trust or rely on the
police enough to report all crimes. Answering my coursework question
and revealing reasons for not reporting crime and reasons that police
do not record all crime is important in improving the system of
dealing with victims and decreasing crime. I find this interesting and
compelling.
I think it is very important to society to find ways to help change
the label of the police and to encourage reported crime. People may
feel that they con not report crimes like rape because it is
uncomfortable to talk to the police about it. If research showed this
then police could be trained to deal with victims in a more caring
manner.
My hypothesis
I expect to find that the official crime statistics in my area do not
reflect the actual crime rate. I expect this because it is obvious
that not all crime is reported to the police. Many people do not
report crime that they feel is too petty and where they cannot gain
anything from reporting it (e.g. people may report a stolen car to
claim from their insurance.) I th...
... middle of paper ...
...d not
get their chance to express their opinion. If I had interviewed a
police officer my conclusion on their involvement in the difference
between the actual crime rate and the official statistics might have
been different.
I believe that my results show very clearly that there is a huge
difference between the official crime statistics and the actual crime
rate. I think that if shown my results most of society would be very
shocked by them. I do think that many people would blame police for
this difference, however I am not sure if this blame would be fair. I
think that if police read my results they may be encouraged to be more
sensitive towards victims of crime in order to get rid of the label
that has been created of their attitudes towards victims. However,
police may resent the public for their comments.
Exploring Why a Large Number of Crimes Aren't Reported. For the large number of crimes that are committed, the biggest. percentage of them is not reported to the police or authorities. This could be due to several reasons.
An anonymous and confidential household survey revealing unreported crimes and showing that anyone can become a victim. Participants are chosen at random according to postcode, providing a mixed sample from alternative areas and backgrounds. Conducted within a person’s home by an impartial interviewer it provides a more comfortable and familiar setting enabling victims to open up and provide clarity and details of crimes that they may otherwise not have reported, such as sexual offences (ONS,2013). Universal questioning methodology means everyone experiences the same questions therefore results should be accurate.
As Nils Christie argued, crime is a property of the state (2004). As such, it can be defined by the same systems of ideals which influence the state. Crime statistics, which refer to a category of human acts that society view as deviant, can consequently be argued to be without objectivity (Dorling and Simpson, 1999). The statistics they provide are thus arguably not exact. To a certain extent one could infer they are reflections of society, of those who present the data and most importantly of those who accumulate it. The facts themselves become a socially constructed foundation for social knowledge, which inevitably become subjective. This essay aims to discuss how ideological biases within the Police and to a certain extent the media are reflected in the crime statistics.
We hear a lot about the crime rates going up and down from the media and they tend to expand on specific types of criminal behavior that might be of interest to the public. When politicians are running for office we are told that the crime rates are down due to the tough crime policies that they have been implemented. Citizens seek crime rates for assistance in determining if the area they reside in is safe. Some people wish to get a general idea of the crime rates for a specific neighborhood where they are thinking of purchasing a house. But what is never explained is where do the crime statistics come from and were there any factors that could have had an effect on their reliability. Crime statistics, which are created from what is reported to the police, are often unreliable. There are several influential factors that can make crime statistics both increase and decrease at any time. Most police departments, but not all, use Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) to submit their statistics to the state. Attempting to compare two police agency's crime statistics is almost impossible because not all police agencies use the UCR program for classifying crimes. UCR is a national data reporting policy that is maintained by the state and regulated by the FBI. This policy requires police agencies to report their monthly statistics by following a hierarchy scale for classifying the criminal offenses. A hierarchy scale is a list of crimes in a specific order of importance used to pick out the highest crime when there are multiple crimes committed in one incident. An example: a citizen contacts the police and makes a report of a burglary, a rape and a larceny all occurring in one incident. A...
Crime has always been a hot topic in sociology. There are many different reasons for people to commit criminal acts. There is no way to pinpoint the source of crime. I am going to show the relationship between race and crime. More specifically, I will be discussing the higher chances of minorities being involved in the criminal justice system than the majority population, discrimination, racial profiling and the environment criminals live in.
Crime and Everyday Life chapter two, The Chemistry for Crime outlines the various components of a crime. Noting that offenders are just one small element to any crime. In all honesty offenders are a variable waiting for time that all the elements are in place. Violent, predatory crimes only occur while an absence of guardians around a target. Clarke named the check list for a target or hot product as, concealable, removable, available, valuable, enjoyable, and disposable. Equally, fights develop in the absence of peacemakers and a present crowd. Illegal sales crime all depend on the setting that offers coverage and removed management. The Chemistry for Crime argues that everyday life tempts as well as diminishes the potential for crime, influencing
Canada is viewed as being a very safe and stable place to live because people are lucky enough to have healthcare, benefits for unemployment and family needs, as well as maternity leave. Crime is something that Canadians don’t often think about because people feel as though they are out of harm's way. As Canadians, we’ve watched the world experience different threats and crime, and we’ve seen the world fight back. For example, our neighbors in North America, the United States, have gone through terrorist attacks and issues with guns and violence. Just because we are witnessing these things in other places doesn’t mean that we aren’t at risk as well, and Canada does have certain approaches and regards in place if we are ever in danger. What I wish to address in this paper is how Canada is set up for reacting to crime and jeopardy, as well as an example of where we went wrong in our past. Methods in response to crime, Canada’s legal regime and the issue of Residential schooling for Aboriginals a hundred years ago will be presented.
In the United States both the rate of committed crimes, as well as the rate of incarcerated individuals is high; and only rising. Within the media, we see reports that the population is becoming more violent; the idea girls are becoming more violent is also a prevalent issue. Many of these reports are being created with information from the three main sources of crime data. These include the Uniformed Crime Data (UCR), the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). All of these sources provide different types of information on crime. It is important to understand how, as well as who is gathering data; so we are able to interpret data accurately. To put these sources into practice, we looked at an episode of Law and Order. In doing so, it became apparent that not one source accurately depicted the episode. Therefore, it’s difficult for a decrease in crime to happen within the United States without an accurate source of crime data.
because in trusting one other's word it may bring forth the element of vulnerability and
Children develop their basic sense of trust at very early age. If the child proceeds through this stage with the proper support, they will learn to trust others. Otherwise, if the parents are violent, abusive, or the environment they grow up in is not safe, then they will lack that inherent trust in others. Later in life, these individuals may become either criminals or the victims of the violence.
While driving downtown, a driver takes notice of a thin, dirty, bearded man holding up a cardboard sign which reads, “Will work for food.” This is one of many examples of poverty in our nation. What the driver does next in the situation is purely subconscious; the driver reaches over, rolls up all of the windows of his car, and locks all four doors, this way he is one-hundred percent safe from any harm this homeless man may resort to. This is a correlation that many citizens in the U.S. have come up with; when a homeless person, or one who looks to be below the poverty line is near, thoughts of drugs, violence, gangs, and crimes flood the mind, and all precautions are taken to stay safe from any harm these people could potentially cause. Though, these precautions have not always been the case. Many years ago an individual could walk down the highway with one thumb erect in the air, and hitch a ride from a stranger to the nearest gas station, regardless of what this individual may look like, no questions asked. But as time continued to pass, so did violent acts of crimes from those hitchhikers, as it is now a common rule of thumb not to pick up strangers from the road. There is a huge difference between what poverty looked like then, and what poverty looked like now, both in the looks of the individuals below the poverty line, and also in the numbers that correspond with people below the poverty line. Though in any case, poverty has always played a key role in crime, both then and now.
Crime and criminalization are dependent on social inequality Social inequality there are four major forms of inequality, class gender race and age, all of which influence crime. In looking at social classes and relationship to crime, studies have shown that citizens of the lower class are more likely to commit crimes of property and violence than upper-class citizens: who generally commit political and economic crimes. In 2007 the National Crime Victimization Survey showed that families with an income of $15000 or less had a greater chance of being victimized; recalling that lower classes commit a majority of those crimes. We can conclude that crime generally happens within classes.
According to Rachel Boba, “Crime analysis is a law enforcement function that involves systematic analysis for identifying and analyzing patterns and trends in crime and disorder” (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime analysis).The information on these patterns can assist law enforcement agencies in the deployment of resources in a more effective manner; it can also help detectives to identify and catch suspects. Crime analysis also plays a role in improvising solutions to crime problems, and developing crime prevention strategies. There are various types of technology that is used in crime analysis. Crime analysis relies heavily on computer technology, and over the past fifteen years there has been a significant improvement in computer hardware and software that has led to tremendous developments in this field. One form of hardware that is used by Crime analysts to complete most of their work is Desktop personal computers, laptop computers are also used by crime analysts for fieldwork and presentations. Other forms of hardware that are used include color laser printers that can produce high-quality documents quickly, plotters which are printers that can produce large poster size color maps, scanners, and digital cameras, these specific types of hardware is mostly used by police departments when analyzing crime.
There has been a debate on whether the data from reported crime statistics is credible for many years. Researchers feel that data is contaminated by differences in law enforcement reporting practices, advancements in technology per agency, and changes in whether victims report or do not report crimes (Levitt, 1998). But still crime reports are still used when determining if current policing practices are effective.
I am a Specialized Studies major, and I am studying Criminal Justice and Psychology. Statistics is important to Criminal Justice and Psychology in a number of ways. It is important in the field of Criminal Justice because, crime statistics is used in Criminal Justice jobs every day. Statistics are used in victim study, with things such as victimization statistical surveys, which rely on individual memory and honesty. There are also law enforcement reports, also known as police reports.