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Scientific research and data collection
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A Comparison of Crime Rates in Different Areas
I have gathered a great deal of information, conducted surveys and
questionnaires, completed statistical tests and created illustrated
maps to help me establish whether crime is higher in an inner city
area like Spinney Hill when compared to a suburban area like Knighton.
At the very start of this project I created an aim. This aim provided
a starting point to this project and thus a goal to achieve. In my
opinion I believe that I have achieved this aim as I have collected a
substantial amount of evidence to aid me in approving or disproving my
main hypothesis.
This coursework was centred on my main hypothesis which I was to test
to see whether it was an accurate or inaccurate statement.
Main hypothesis: “As an inner city area Spinney Hill will have a
higher crime rate than the Suburb of Knighton”
In order to test this main hypothesis I created five sub-hypotheses to
analyse and see whether they were true and thus provide further
evidence and support that the above main hypothesis was correct or
incorrect. These sub-hypotheses were as follows:
1- Fear of crime will be higher in Spinney Hill
2- Security measures will be lower in Knighton
3- Unemployment breeds crime in Spinney Hill
4- Spinney Hill has a higher population so thus a higher crime rate.
5- Environmental quality will be higher in Knighton
My first hypothesis was carried out by conducting a fear of crime
questionnaire in both wards. I gathered a great deal of information
from this questionnaire to help me determine whether an inner city
area like Spinney Hill has a higher crime rate than a suburb li...
... middle of paper ...
...naccurate and some of the statistical methods I used were a bit vague
in producing a firm conclusion. To overcome this problem I feel that I
could have made some improvements while carrying out my
investigations. While conducting my questionnaires and surveys I only
asked 10 residents from each ward. To make the data I collected from
these questionnaires and surveys more accurate and reliable I could
question more than 10 residents from each ward. This may give me a
better representation of the ward as a whole by providing me with more
data to analyse.
Overall I feel that this investigation was a success as I was able to
utilise data from my primary and secondary research efficiently and
resourcefully and thus deduce that my main hypothesis of inner city
areas having higher crime rates than suburban areas is correct.
Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy.
...g, Critical, Peacemaking, Life Course and Strain theories could also be used to explain crime in these neighborhoods. According to Emile Durkheim, mores are different depending on the type of community. On a spectrum, from organic or the lower socio-economic neighborhood to mechanical or the well-structured community in this case Chestnut Hill. In a mechanical society, there is greater cohesion, sharing common values or goals. As could be expected, crime is predicted to be higher in more organic the community is.
Although I feel that other things can contribute to there being crime in urban neighborhoods. I felt as though the three topics that I have stated could possibly be the root of these problems. Ultimately, the one thing that stood out to me, and what I emphasized on a lot was location. The area in which a person is brought up leaves a huge impression on a person. What I feel that Elijah Anderson emphasizes is that in different locations and especially in urban areas two peoples definition of normal and decent can be completely different because they weren’t brought up in the same
Unemployment in the city limits further feeds the belly of poverty. Unemployment rates for Richmond in August 2013 were 8.2% (United States Department of Labor, 2013). These rates represent only those that are documented as unemployed and does not consider the “under employed” as they may be working but not getting paid for a full work week. These unemployment rates would likely be higher if they were accurate and all inclusive of the unemployed in Richmond. The unemployment rate for the entire state of Virginia was reported at 5.8% in August 2013 (United States Department of Labor). The unemployment rate is related to education. There are not enough good paying jobs to support those who did not finish basic high school. There are not enough good paying jobs to reach citizens of the city that do not have adequate transportation.
Sampson, R., Raudenbush, S., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277, 918-924.
Is it a coincidence that highly urbanized areas are full of crime and always statistically higher than small towns and rural areas? A child that is being brought up in a metropolitan area that is full of violent crimes is flooded in a sense and has nothing to do but to breath in some of the negative influences that go on around him. Therefore, I believe that the most influential scene in a child’s life is the neighborhood that he grows up in. Parents cannot constantly watch over their children, ask about whom they are hanging out with, constantly check where they are, and find out what they are getting themselves into? (Statistics p348)
Crime has always been a hot topic in sociology. There are many different reasons for people to commit criminal acts. There is no way to pinpoint the source of crime. I am going to show the relationship between race and crime. More specifically, I will be discussing the higher chances of minorities being involved in the criminal justice system than the majority population, discrimination, racial profiling and the environment criminals live in.
Crime and Everyday Life chapter two, The Chemistry for Crime outlines the various components of a crime. Noting that offenders are just one small element to any crime. In all honesty offenders are a variable waiting for time that all the elements are in place. Violent, predatory crimes only occur while an absence of guardians around a target. Clarke named the check list for a target or hot product as, concealable, removable, available, valuable, enjoyable, and disposable. Equally, fights develop in the absence of peacemakers and a present crowd. Illegal sales crime all depend on the setting that offers coverage and removed management. The Chemistry for Crime argues that everyday life tempts as well as diminishes the potential for crime, influencing
This theory however as some have argued has emerged from social disorganisation theory, which sees the causes of crime as a matter of macro level disadvantage. Macro level disadvantage are the following: low socioeconomic status, ethnic or racial heterogeneity, these things they believe are the reasons for crime due to the knock on effect these factors have on the community network and schools. Consequently, if th...
Why so Much Crime is Committed in Urban Areas Crime in urban areas has been on the increase since the 1950s, why? What has happened to cause crime to become almost an accepted part of inner city life? There are plenty of crime figures available for every city in the world, but reading numbers from a list does not explain why more crimes are being committed, to try to understand we have to look at what has changed in urban communities and how these changes have affected the people that live there. Most urban areas have always been predominately working class with low-grade housing and low wages, where communities had enjoyed a strong bond as people worked together in factories and mills, whole generations grew up working in the same place as their parents and friends. As the economy of the country changed, so did the available work which meant more and more families, were forced to move to other areas looking for work.
Crime Analysis has many benefits to the community. Community engagement, targeted initiatives, strategic use of resources, and data-driven decision-making contribute to decreasing crime. Crime prevention and community satisfaction with police services, while linked to the number of officers on the streets, does not depend entirely on the visibility of patrol officers. Community engagement, targeted initiatives, strategic use of resources, and data-driven decision-making contribute to decreasing crime. So in closing I believe that departments that take the positive elements of foot patrols and combine their efforts with crime analysis that focuses on the time, location, and type of crime, may use the findings to develop strategies to decrease crime and enhance the quality of life in their communities.
But now we must question these figures. The same study in Glasgow noted that there was a general downward trend in crimes and offenses in Glasgow even before the cameras were installed. When this...
Most crime in public housing goes unreported. The information obtained from police departments for research will not make a true representation of the actual types and amount of crimes. Those living in public housing often feel that they will not be assisted even if they do report crimes to the police therefore most crime goes unreported. Another problem with research is the fact that those living in public housing often are not willing to fill out surveys or do self-reporting. Unfortunately, crime has become a way of life for many of the population who live in public housing and there are career criminals who are feared in these areas and will not be crossed making true research information incorrect. Public housing occupants with low income have no other place to go and often live with overcrowding of occupants that go unaccounted for again causing a false indication of numbers. One last thought, illegal immigrants will occupy these housing areas and are not willing to divulge even the slightest information to researchers along with
With a 10% increase in crime rate since 2009, budding city St. John’s (Newfoundland and Labrador) soared 19.2% above the national average and in 2010 placed as seventh in Canada’s overall crime rated cities (Brennan, 2011). The level of crime relative to suburban or rural areas has recently become an accepted theory in criminology. Regardless of the data source used, crime statistics consistently reflect that urban crime rates are substantially greater than crime rates in non-urban areas. More so, population size has been shown to be an important predictor of crime rates across cities, not only in Canada, but all over the world. St. John’s has developed and grown economically over the past few years, thriving off the offshore oil and gas industry who’s profits have injected about $800 million into the local economy boosting the city’s Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) attributed to the St. John’s Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) by an estimated 5.0% in 2010 to $9.8 billion, that adding to an increase of 5.4% for the province as a whole (City of St. John’s. 2011). A clear multiplier effect in population growth can be observed as St. John’s population increased by 8.9% between the years of 2001 and 2010 during the time in which the gas and oil and nickel industries settled in the area. Now, as one of the most rapidly developing cities in the country, St. John’s is getting a taste of one of the more serious social backfires to urbanization. Urban development in St. John's is increasing crime opportunities and the overall crime rate in the city and province. Supported not only by up to date statistics, this idea is also supported by year long criminal and social behavioral experiments conducted by trained psychologists such as Wolfgang...
Crime destroys the very fabric of a civilized society. It stops the growth of a country and creates fear among its citizens. Though crime is inevitable in any society, yet it has to be kept at minimum level. But same in not true in India where crime rate is consistently rising. An ordinary citizen is fearful not only of stepping outside their home but they are not safe in their home too.