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Impact of 9/11 attacks
Connection religion and terrorism
How does the media influence terrorism
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The attack on the World Trade Center in 1993, and the second attack in 2001 are the cases of terrorism that I have chosen to focus on because I believe that they are extremely significant. Both attacks happened during my lifetime, which makes them more personal, and also happened in the city where I was born. Both of these attacks are examples of terrorism because both attacks were violent and intimidating crimes that also had political motives. At first glance, both events seem very similar since they shared a target. In addition, in both cases the terrorists had planned to hit other targets as well, that ended up not being affected or taken down as planned. Also, as stated by Cline, “Both were conducted and planned by men of Middle Eastern descent intent on revenge against the U.S. and Israel's military action in the region” (Cline, 2013). Despite the fact that both cases share many similarities, they also have many differences. The first bombing of the World Trade Center in 1993 was less devastating that the attacks on September 11th, 2001. In the first attack, fewer people died and the plan was not as successful as the second attack. In addition, the first attacked used a car with a bomb, whereas the second attack used hijacked planes. Although people remember 9/11 for the attack on the twin towers, other important buildings were hit as well, whereas in 1993 the only target that was hit successfully was the North Tower of the World Trade Center. As stated by Scanlon, “the ability of terrorists to create an event which catches the media’s complete attention indicates another significant role the media play in disasters” (Scanlon, 2009). Therefore, the media plays a crucial role in terrorism because without the media, terro...
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...er) the twain shall meet. Disciplines, Disasters and Emergency Management Textbook. Retrieved from http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/docs/EMT/ScanlonJournalism.pdf
Sedgwick, M. (2004). Al-Qaeda and the nature of religious terrorism. Terrorism and Policical Violence, 16(4), 795-814.
Vasterman, P., Yzermans, C. J., & Dirkzwager, A. J. (2005). The role of the media and media hypes in the aftermath of disasters. Epidemiologic reviews, 27(1), 107-114.
The War Against America - The National Defense - NYTimes.com. (2001, September 12). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/12/opinion/the-war-against-america-the-national-defense.html?ref=sept112001
World Trade Center bombed — History.com This Day in History — 2/26/1993. (1993, February 26). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/world-trade-center-bombed
In his essay, Rodriguez believes that the diplomatic affairs we see on the evening news are merely being disguised as a religious war. The fight over oil or land when in reality it is the fight between whose side God is on, the attacks under the control of Al Qaeda when perhaps it’s the greed for power or world domination. According to Richard, these religious wars are allowing terrorism to become prevalent; often times within the same culture (147).
...lease - World Trade Center Terrorist Bombing Investigation 15th Anniversary - February 26, 1993 | ATF. (2008). Retrieved from http://www.atf.gov/press/releases/2008/02/022708-atf-wtc-bombing-investigation-anniversary.html
Terrorism – This is a word that many people are terrified of. When a terrorist attack occurs, people’s daily routines are shattered. Things change instantaneously the moment the bomb goes of. When we think about a terrorist attack that really impacted the world, we immediately think about 9/11. On that day many people were hurt directly and indirectly. People were disorientated and scared. The moment there is change, the world panics. Unfortunately, 9/11 was not the only day where people panicked. On 1988, the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 occurred. This terrorist attack was not as massive as 9/11; but, it did leave scares especially to the Syracuse University community.
Likewise, Goodwin illustrates how the use of categorical terrorism can be seem being used by Al-Qaida during the attacks of 9/11. Nonetheless, it is evident that Al-Qaida is unusual in terms of using terrorism to influence the rise of unity rather than trying to overthrow a standing state. For the purpose of instigating a pan-Islamic revolutionary movement, Al-Qaida tries to unite all Islamic people under one state to develop umma, or Muslim community. The logic of Al-Qaida remained that if their “revolutionaries” could illicit a reaction from the powerful US state, resulting in oppression of the middle-eastern region, that Al-Qaida could, as a result, unite all Muslims to counter this suggested oppression. Although the end goal of Al-Qaida clear failed, it does suggest the organization’s attempt at implementing categorical terrorism.
The attacks that occurred on 9/11 took place on September 11th, 2001. In this devastating event, four different attacks had taken place. Each of the attacks were carried out by terrorists. The group responsible for the attack was Al-Qaeda, a militant Islamist organization that is known to be global in present day. The group itself has a network consisting of a Sunni Muslim movement that aims to make global Jihad happen. Furthermore, a stateless, multinational army that is ready to move at any given time. This terrorist group focuses on attacking non-Sunni Muslims, those who are not Muslim, and individuals who the group deems to be kafir. Ever since the late 1980s, Al-Qaeda has been wreaking havoc all around the world. The leader of the group once being Osama bin Laden. Three planes were bound for New York City while another plane headed towards Washington, D.C. which was supposed to take out the U.S. Capitol. Two of the airplanes crashed into the World Trade Center. One plane hitting the North Tower and the other hitting the South Tower. The third plane had crashed into the Pentagon taking out the western side of the building. The last and final plane was focused solely on taking out the U.S. Capitol in Washington D.C. but failed due to passengers of the plane coming hijacking it from the hijackers. The passengers attempted to take out the hijackers but sadly failed, crashing it into a field in Pennsylvania. Throughout the content of this paper, we will be focusing on the role of media when it comes to 9/11; more specifically: how the media's coverage of 9/11 manipulated our feelings towards 9/11, how it affected Islamophobia in America, and the lasting effects of 9/11.
Libya and the United States had endured constant tensions throughout the mid- to late-twentieth century because of their conflicting ideas on terrorism. The United States was involved in a bombing on Libya that had an effect towards the Libyan leader. These tensions built up until someone took drastic measures. On December 21, 1988, the Pan American flight 103 was bombed as a result of these long standing tensions between the United States and Libya.
September 11, 2001 was one of the most devastating and horrific events in the United States history. Americans feeling of a secure nation had been broken. Over 3,000 people and more than 400 police officers and firefighters were killed during the attacks on The World Trade Center and the Pentagon; in New York City and Washington, D.C. Today the term terrorism is known as the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives (Birzer, Roberson). This term was clearly not defined for the United States for we had partial knowledge and experience with terrorist attacks; until the day September 11, 2001. At that time, President George W. Bush, stated over a televised address from the Oval Office, “Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.” President Bush stood by this statement for the United States was about to retaliate and change the face of the criminal justice system for terrorism.
There were numerous events and threats leading up to the terrorists attacks on the World Trade Center which left chaos amongst the streets of downtown New York City and would leave America and its families devastated and prone to change after this infamous date in our nation’s history. What happened on September 11th, 2001 was without a doubt both horrific and ill natured. Multiple terrorists hijacked several US airliners that would later be flown into the North and South towers, the Pentagon, and also an unintended area in Pennsylvania. It can be said that the United States of America was unprepared and vulnerable for these occurrences.
In the article “Terrorized by War on Terror” by Zbigniew Brzezinski, is about the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. They hijacked four airplanes in mid-flight. The terrorists flew two of the planes into two the World Trade Center in New York City. The crash caused the buildings to catch fire and collapse causing the whole city to fill up with smoke and ash. Another plane destroyed part of the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia. The fourth plane cr...
September 11, 2001 marked one of the most tragic events in United States history. As a way to assure the safety and wellbeing of U.S. citizens shortly after being attacked by al-Qaeda, President Bush stated, “Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts may shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve”. Although President Bush was seen a source of security during a time of need, many citizens felt that his words were not genuine and part of a dramatic story the government wanted its people to believe. Despite the side taken, both perspectives of the argument can agree that the U.S. was attacked by a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda. On that Tuesday morning, 19 terrorists hijacked four commercial passenger jet airliners. The hijackers intentionally crashed two of the airliners into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center, one into the Pentagon, and the fourth into a field in rural Pennsylvania after passengers fought back against the terrorist to try and regain control of the plane. This is the story the government wants its people to believe. However, the truths about the attacks on 9/11 are much more frightening. On September 11th, 2001, the United States government betrayed its citizens by allowing the destructive attacks on the Twin Towers, WTC-7, the Pentagon, and Shanksville.
On September 11, 2001, a terrible disaster struck the United States. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Center in New York City, New York. The only time US soil had been attacked since the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. The attacks occurred not only at the World Trade Center’s twin towers, but also at the Pentagon and what would have been the White House. The attack on September 11th was one of the most devastating events this country has ever experienced.
The World Trade Center bombing triggered a response from the American government, but that response did not do enough to prevent future attacks against American targets. On February 26, 1993, at 18 minutes past noon, an explosion ripped through the underground parking garage of the Trade Center complex. The bombers rented a van, filled it with explosives and gasoline, and set the fuse,...
Khashan, Hilal. “The New World Order and the Tempo of Militant Islam.” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Volume 24, Issue 1 (1997. 5), 5-24.
Terrorism has been around for centuries and religion-based violence has been around just as long. (Hoffman, 2). The violence was never referred to as terrorism though. Only up to the nineteenth century has religion been able to justify terrorism (Hoffman, 2). Since then, religious terrorism became motivated and inspired by the ideological view (Hoffman, 3). Therefore, it has turned against the main focus of religion and more towards the views of the extremist and what is happening politically (Winchester, 4).
Researchers have noticed for as long as the media system dependency theory has been studied that, what people hear, see, and read inflicts an experience on the consumer. It affects their thoughts about the information they have just taken in and allows for judgments to be formed as well as a relationship to the media source itself (Loges & Ball-Rokeach, 1993). We have decided on a qualitative design that will allow us to understand more in depth implications media places on society when devastation hits a country. As a group of researchers we are going to base our research off the exploratory descriptive research. This will allow us to pick and choose which we feel is the best way to attain information we need from media consumers about the event...