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Government censorship research paper
The first amendment freedom of speech
Constitutional limitations to freedom of expression
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Most people are familiar with the First Amendment in the U.S. Constitution, but few are confident to recite any further. The Fourteenth Amendment gives students the right to due process (Fossey & Eckers, 2015). Only students at public universities or colleges are protected by the U.S. Constitution, including the Fourteenth Amendment. Privates universities and colleges are not bounded by the Constitution. Many private schools will honor it, but their students are not protected. The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees students have the opportunity of notification of the issue and an appropriate hearing when disciplinary actions are taken. Without this claim in the Fourteenth Amendment, student could be released from school without warning and no …show more content…
Speech is more than orally speaking words. In addition to oral, speech can be written, symbolic, or in the form of a protest. Speech is often protected by the First Amendment, but is not always. Students at a public institution will need to educate themselves on the difference between the two. The words that are spoken are very important, but so is the location. Some locations are closed, such as classrooms. Open forums are locations in the student union areas or other common public locations around campus. A college campus also has limed open forums. These locations are only available for students. The outside population will not be protected. Both limited and open forum has to be neutral. It is extremely important for students to understand their content and context. Universities will often designate locations around campus for students to have free access to express their opinions. These opinions are not allowed to distract from the original reason students are at the institution, which is education. (Fossey & Eckers, 2015). The certain freedom of speech incident must be examined to determine if it is deemed protected speech. If so, the speech and the individual is protected by the First Amendment. A few examples of protected speech are political, religious, and current topics in the world. Fighting words, true threats, obscenity, and defamation are not protected by the First Amendment (Fossey & Eckers,
Abraham Lincoln became the United States ' 16th President in 1861, delivering the Emancipation Proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy in 1863. If there is a part of the United States History that best characterizes it, is the interminable fight for the Civil Rights. This he stated most movingly in dedicating the military cemetery at Gettysburg: "that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. "The Declaration of Independence states “All men are created equal”.
The 14th Amendment was made in 1868 to allow every person who was born in America or who had become an American citizen to have the same rights as any other citizen. Additionally, they were also a citizen of whatever state they lived in. No state in America was allowed to make laws that limit US citizens’ rights and protection, execute people, imprison people or take their property away without a legal process.
In 1865 4 million people were freed and let out on their own for the first time ever. They weren’t really sure what to do at this time but they had to find a way because they were now by themselves in a world that didn’t accept them. There were 3 Amendments made to the US Constitution that freed these slaves and put the African Americans in the country in such a bad situation. These Amendments and the actions by the president and his appointed boards were unsuccessful due to the racist laws and resistance against the American Reconstruction. Some of these laws include the Jim Crow Laws and some of these racist people congregated in a group called the Klu Klux Klan. These actions went against the 13th 14th and 15th Amendments voiding them as a whole.
The passage of the 13th amendment seems simple. Lincoln declared the emancipation proclamation and set the majority of the slaves free. General opinion was already shifting toward abolition and a bill like the 13th amendment seemed inevitable. This is the well-known but extremely overgeneralized view of national abolition. Leonard L. Richards attempts to correct this general perspective in Who freed the slaves?. He argues that abolitionists were actually fighting an uphill battle throughout the civil war. Not only was there opposition from Democrats, the majority of Republicans was also against abolition. This only changed near the end of the civil war with countless endeavors to change public opinion and heavy secret bargaining.
The Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution affects us today by granting citizenship, civil rights, and congressional representation.
In Goss v. Lopez, a student sued because an Ohio law allowed a school principal to suspend a student for 10 days or more with only a simple 24-hour notice to parents. The court ruled that this was a violation of a student’s 14th amendment due process clause rights because students were not given a due process hearing. In Dixon v. Alabama, a federal appellate court affirmed same standard in higher education by maintaining that a public college or university cannot expel a student without a hearing.
It forbid the denial of life, liberty, and property without due process of law. On July 9th 1868, this amendment was ratified, and was directly used to prevent states from denying rights to the newly freed slaves. This new amendment declared that all former slaves were citizens of the United States, and were not to be denied of their birth rights. To put this into perspective, before the ratification of the fourteenth amendments former slaves were free in a sense, but were not considered citizens allowing people to take advantage of them, and is still a prevalent issue to this day. “By directly mentioning the role of the states, the 14th Amendment greatly expanded the protection of civil rights to all Americans and is cited in more litigation than any other amendment.”
The thirteenth amendment to the Constitution proclaims that “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” This amendment was the piece of history that abolished slavery and did innumerable things for our country, but it also made room for something now known as black criminality. Through the thirteenth amendment emancipation was born. Through the language of the constitution— “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime”, the amendment was able to make loopholes for certain social agendas that led to the opposite of what the amendment intended to do.
The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia met between May and September of 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation. The Antifederalists were extremely concerned that the national government would trample their rights. Rhode Island and North Carolina refused to ratify until the framers added the Bill of Rights. These first ten amendments outlined things that the government could not do to its people. They are as such:
Imagine a time when one could be fined, imprisoned and even killed for simply speaking one’s mind. Speech is the basic vehicle for communication of beliefs, thoughts and ideas. Without the right to speak one’s mind freely one would be forced to agree with everything society stated. With freedom of speech one’s own ideas can be expressed freely and the follower’s belief will be stronger. The words sound so simple, but without them the world would be a very different place.
Hall, K. (2002, September 13). Free speech on public college campuses overview. Retrieved from http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/free-speech-on-public-college-campuses
Chapter fourteen of our text book covers the 3rd, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 13th, and 14th amendments which cover different rights of the government and the people. In this paper, I will be summarizing these amendments and how they are important to us.
College campuses have been known to be popular breeding grounds for rumors. Ask any college student walking around a typical campus for the latest gossip, and they may flood you with more stories, quips, and anecdotes than you may have ever asked for. Some of these stories lead to codes and rules for living safely on campus, as urban legends about campus-related murders and crimes begin to circulate more frequently. In addition, these stories may deal with some supernatural elements. With the increased security alerts nationwide, caution is exercised in all circumstances and a bit of the anxiety and security alerts have spread to American colleges as well.
First of all, schools should keep students focused during classes. By giving students access to social media for anything in the class, that starts leading to these issues. “All universities have been struggling to balance freedom of speech and the right to express an opinion, with reasonable
Speech is vitally important for a variety of reasons. I believe that our words can increase or decrease our level of happiness or even have a positive or negative effect towards our future. Speech helps us as a society to resolve issues in a respectful manner; it helps us get important points across and convey messages, it also helps us structure our ways of communicating. The importance of speech is giving us the ability to make situations more...