Almost every person has received a vaccine in their life. Vaccines intend to protect people from serious diseases that can affect them for the rest of their lives. In order to prevent diseases from spreading, all states require proof of immunization against diseases to be able to attend school. These vaccines were not just there, someone was required to develop them. To do so, these scientists had to run tests and experiments on lab animals. Companies should not be banned from using animals in testing new products, drugs, and vaccines to determine if they are safe for human use. Animal experimentation, or animal testing, is the act of using non-human animals in place of humans in toxicity tests, experiments that test genetics, developmental biology, behavioral studies, drugs, cosmetics, education, and many other products. Animal testing started centuries ago for two primary reasons; curiosity and convenience. In the Stone Age, people were curious about all of the various blood vessels and organs that were visible inside a creature’s body. Animals were the alternatives to people because live humans were not available or willing to be operated on to satisfy curiosity. Scientists began to cut into living and dead animals, as well as human corpse to learn about the internal construction and the functions of systems. Because of this, animal experimentation became a primary method for learning about anatomy, physiology, and disease processes. In Europe, the Roman Catholic Church forbade the dissection of human corpses. This church law was followed and enforced throughout the country. If an offender was caught dissecting a human’s body, they could be charged with heresy, or ignoring the church’s teachings, which was punishab... ... middle of paper ... ...n animal test (Judson). The debate over animal testing centers around two issues: the effectiveness of testing on animals and the ethical questions developed when using humanity’s closest living relatives for experimentation. Animal testing in general has benefited humans and the advantages for humankind outweigh the harm done to animals. Not only is it important for scientists to experiment on animals; it is ethically wrong not to perform those experiments knowing that people will benefit from them (Mur). The scientific community and governments around the world are making progress in their efforts to develop alternative methods. Advances in technology may make the goal for minimized animal testing achievable in the future (Judson). However, controversy over the role of animals in medicine will likely persist as long as some diseases remain uncured (Mur).
The types of experiments performed at the University of Buffalo and the University of California depicts just some of the few horrors of animal testing. According to the article, during these experimentations the eyes of monkeys were implanted with metal coils into their eye sockets in order to study movement ("Update: Animal Testing"). Often times animals are tested upon in laboratories, living in cold isolated environments. The moral aspect of the debate, is whether or not animals should be utilized and later euthanized for the purpose of human benefit, especially when only one party decides. As a resu...
Over 100 Million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned and abused in testing labs every year. Animals are used to test the safety of products, advance scientific research, and develop models to study disease and to develop new medical treatments, all for the sake of mankind. Animals should not be used for scientific research because animal testing is inhumane, other testing methods now exist, and animals are very different from human beings. While animal testing has led to many life-saving cures, animal testing is cruel and inhumane because it involves inflicting pain and harm on the test subject to study its effects and remedies. Testing involves physically restraining, force-feeding, and depriving animals of food and water.
Animal testing is performed in a wide arena of areas such as colleges and universities, laboratories, and within pharmaceutical companies. The main uses for the need of animal experimentation are genetic development, biomedical and biochemical research, toxicology, cosmetic testing and more. The use of animals for scientific research has constantly been a topic of ethical debate. Some major ...
Animals are used as a part of experimentations in order to accomplish new openings. A few individuals think that it is satisfactory, while others contend that it is not moral to sacrifice animals for science. Estimated, that fifty to one hundred million of animals are used for tests in the world. Despite the significance of experiments, the quantity of animals and purpose of research are not under any control. Animals testing should be banned under a few circumstances; we can enhance the situation by using alternative ways such as replacement, reduction, and refinement according to International Society for Applied Ethology.
In modern society, animal experimentation has triggered a controversy; consequently, vast amount of protests have been initiated by the animal rights community. Although these organizations have successfully broadcast their concerns toward animal experimentation, its application continues to survive. Sally Driscoll and Laura Finley inform that there remain fifty million to one-hundred million animals that experience testing or experimentation throughout the world on a yearly basis. But despite opposition, animal experimentation, the use of experiments on animals in order to observe the effects an unknown substance has on living creatures, serves multiple purposes. Those particular purposes are: research of the living body, the testing of products, and the advancement of medicine.
Animal testing has been used for developing and researching cures for medical conditions. For example, the polio vaccine, chemotherapy for cancer, insulin treatment for diabetes, organ transplants and blood transfusions are just some of the important advances that have come from research on animals (“Animal Testing”). Consuming animals for research benefits in developing various treatments and also benefits in discovery better methods for cures. According to the article “Animal Testing”, it says that the underlying rationale for the use of animal testing is that living organisms provide interactive, dynamic systems that scientists can observe and manipulate in order to understand normal and pathological functioning as well as the effectiveness of medical interventions. It relies on the physiological and anatomical similarities between humans and other animals (MacClellan, Joel). Meaning that animals have the same body components and features as humans and is the best thing to research on to better understand the human development. Even though several argue that animal testing is harming the animals, one has to think back to all the benefits that has come from it. There may be a little remorse for endangering animal lives, but realizing how far medicine has come makes it worth the while.
Facilities that use animals for teaching, experimentations, surgery or testing purposes are known as research facilities. Currently, there are twelve animal research facilities in the state of Alabama ("General Information on Animal Research"). There are many different reasons why animals are used for research. Animals are used to test the products used in cosmetics, for biomedical research, for military defense and food production. Many people including the general public, scientists and government officials do not necessarily agree to the terms and conditions to which these animals are used for testing
The history of animal experimentation and tests, and the argument surrounding it, has an expansive and somewhat extensive history. Some of the first medical research that was conducted on living animals was done by Aelius Galenus, better known as Galen, in the second century C.E. There have been examples of animal testing in earlier dates, but Galen devoted his life to understanding science and medicine, so he is attributed to being the father of vivisection. In the twelfth century, an Arabic physician named Avenzoar introduced animal testing dissections as a means to better understand surgery before preforming the operation on a human patient. Edmund O’Meara made one of the first opposing ar...
To begin with, animal testing is vital to find out side effects of medicine that should be tested on animals rather than being tested on human begins. According to Archibald (2004), in 1937, in the USA, a drug was distributed in liquid to treat streptococcal infections. Unfortunately, the solvent was diethylene glycol (antifreeze), which was known to be horribly and fatally toxic but drug-safety testing was not required. 137 deaths followed. In addition, animals have saved human lives for decades. Without animal research, many of the diseases would still affect the world today and few cures would be found. According to Emory University, “major medical advances that have resulted from animal research include the treatment of rabies, smallpox, pellagra, and rickets and the discovery of sulfa drugs, penicillin, and other modern antibiotics.” Finally, animal research is continuing to enhance and improve the medical field overall. For example, a new neuroimplant system, the Tulggar, developed to solve the problems with present implants was tested on sheep to ensure the use on living tissue. Without the use of sheep to test this new implant system, the Tulgar would not have been developed and be established as a clinical tool in modern medicine (Kalkan et. Al, 2015). However, even though animal research has been the foundation for medicinal uses, animal rights activists will
What’s more important, a human life, or an animal life? It may sound sad but, animal testing is vital for the survival of the human race. The human race should be able to test on animals, if it concerns our own survival, even if the animal might get hurt, or die. A researcher named Frankie L. Trull said, “Thanks to animal research, many diseases that once killed millions of people every year are either treatable or have been eradicated all together.”
At this moment, millions of animals know cold cages in laboratories as home, but why? Some of these animals are subjects for medical research purposes, while others are used out of pure curiosity and to test different products. Majority of these animals are used in painful experiments and are left in agony. While many of them die, a few animals survive, but these unfortunate ones wish they could be put out of their misery as well. Although scientists have resources they could use to lower the pain each animal endures and even alternatives of their test subjects, millions of innocent creatures are still suffering. The fact that animals are still used when animal experimentation is avoidable and not necessary makes animal testing unethical.
Animal testing is a method that scientists use to development medicinal science and products. By this method animals are treated with different kinds of chemicals and drugs with the point to find cures for diseases and safety usage for human. However, knowledge that scientists obtain in every experiment is based on pain and torture that animals suffer in each experiment. People find out the advantages that animal testing brings, but the truth is that they unknow or some cases ignore the cruel reality of animal testing. Millions of cats, rats, primates, dogs and other are being abused for people facilities and illnesses. In fact, an uncounted amount of animals die without compassion in every single experiment.
Hundreds of millions of animals die every year from animal testing in the United States. Innocent animals are used everyday in laboratories for biology advancements, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cosmetic testing. They are used to provide information to make better products that are safe for human use. Although animal experimentation has some benefits, the negatives outweigh the positives. Animal testing is killing off innocent beings for the possible human benefit, and with modern technology, there are alternative ways to test products that leave animals unharmed.
In some view, animal testing is cruel, inhumane and alternative testing methods now exist that can replace the need for animals. However, animals can replace human to undertake the risky experiments which is unavoidable for medial environment development. In fact, only few animals are used in research, which is a small price to pay for advancing medical progress. For example, Americans eat 9 billion chickens and 150 million cattle, pigs and sheep per year, but only around 26 million animals are used for research which are working on medical advancement, however 95% of research subjects are rodents, birds and fish.[Tom. H, 2013] The animals which use for testing are common species, and the number is few. It won’t harm species richness and diversity.Animal testing has contributed to many life-saving treatments. The California Biomedical Research Association shows in the last 100 years almost every medical breakthrough all come form the results of animals testing directly. [California Biomedical Research Association,2013] Major advances in understanding and treating conditions such as brain injury, childhood leukemia, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, malaria, breast cancer, and many others also attribute the success to the animal testing. [Elizabeth.F,2013] Experiments in which dogs had their pancreases removed cause directly to the discovery of insulin, critical to saving the lives of diabetics. [Nobel.M,2013] Animal testing use the most outlay to get the human’s health and happiness because it allows medical advancement which helps humanity live in a better medical
However, as people think about animal rights, and the news that animals are suffering in the experiment, people began to consider stopping all animal testing. Animal testing should not be banned, because it both benefits humans and animals, especially the medical animal testing should be reserved. According to the book “Science, Medicine, and Animals” by the Committee on the Use of Animals in Research, National Academy of Sciences (1991), the animals also provide protection to a lot of endangered animals. Scientists can invent medicine, which is used to treat animal diseases, from animal experiments.