1. INTRODUCTION
Freezing food preserves it from the time it is prepared to the time it is eaten. Since early times, farmers, fishermen, and trappers have preserved their game and produce in unheated buildings during the winter season. Freezing food slows down decomposition by turning residual moisture into ice, inhibiting the growth of most bacterial species. In the food commodity industry, the process is called IQF or Individually Quick Frozen. Preserving food in domestic kitchens during the 20th and 21st centuries is achieved using household freezers. Accepted advice to householders was to freeze food on the day of purchase. An initiative by a supermarket group in promotes advising the freezing of food "as soon as possible up to the product's 'use by' date". The Food Standards Agency was reported as supporting the change, providing the food had been stored correctly up to that time.
Beginning in 1929, Clarence Birdseye offered his quick-frozen foods to the public. Birdseye got the idea during fur-trapping expeditions to Labrador in 1912 and 1916, where he saw the natives use freezing to preserve foods. Modern attempts at refrigeration began in the early 20th century in the meat packing industry. More advanced attempts include food frozen for Eleanor Roosevelt on her trip to Russia. Other experiments, involving orange juice, ice cream and vegetables were conducted by the military near the end of World War II. In 1974, the first differential heating container (DHC) was sold to the public. A DHC is a sleeve of metal designed to allow frozen foods to receive the correct amount of heat. Various sized apertures were positioned around the sleeve. The consumer would put the frozen dinner into the sleeve accordin...
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...e western culture food style. The respondents were from different cultures and were cooperative in helping in my research. Even the survey had extended to few hotels and restaurants. Finally conclude that the research was highly successful with a positive opinion from the respondents. The society has already accepted this food style & it is a great opportunity for any processing company around the world to start their business in India.
Works Cited
[1]. BUSINESS STATISTICS- S. Guptha
[2]. THE BRITISH FROZEN FOOD INDUSTRY- Brian Young, BFFF (British Frozen Food Federation), Judith Evans, RD&T (Refrigeration Developments and Testing Ltd), Dr Wayne Martindale, Centre for Food Innovation, Sheffield Hallam University, Charlotte Harden, Centre for Food Innovation, Sheffield Hallam University.
[3]. INTERNET- Wikipedia, aski.com.
[4]. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – C. R. Kothari.
Ice-Fili is a traditional Russian manufactured who has been the market leader in the Russian ice-cream industry but over the years the supremacy and competitive edge has been declining. Due to its traditional competency it has a lot of capacity, much of which is lying unutilized. Out of its capacity of 200 tons/day, it is utilizing only about 25% (with an annual production 16000 tons, assuming 300 working days).
Refrigeration is the process of cooling down a space or thing below normal environmental temperature. Food preservation is vital in today’s day and age. From the meats to the dairy, everything needs to be kept at room temperature, cold, or frozen. People even like to make themselves cold and frozen by using air conditioning. But, it does make you wonder “how” and “when”. How did refrigeration become such an important invention and how did people survive without it? When did our ancestors realize it takes the cold to keep their food preserved and looking fresh? We now have fridges that have an automated ice machine and touch screens.
The pilot study I conducted at Highpoint Shopping Centre allowed me to observe how food choices were made amongst different people. There are many factors that influence food choices. Therefore I conducted this observation to develop into food choices. Some factors involved gender differences, this effected the food choice and the process of eating, how the effect of age plays part in choosing food, along with which cultures foods were eaten most; Chinese, Turkish, or Italian. I also observed whether culture had an effect on food choices? What these people were wearing? How long it took for them to decide on what they were going to eat? Does the time of the day and the days of the week have an effect on the selection and amount of food eaten? And how the food is eaten? Children and how their food selection is analysed?
For most of history, ice and snow, packed into cellars insulated with wood or straw, were used for refrigeration. It wasn’t until 1755 that the first artificial refrigeration system was established by William Cullen (Koelet, 1992). Throughout the 1800s, many mechanical refrigeration systems were designed and developed, and the vapour compression cycle most commonly used today dates back to this time.
A new consumer segment for healthier frozen food (Organic food) has also grown in recent past. This segment doesn’t like any kind of artificial ingredient in the food.
Although NRFC believe estimation of pizza sales could base on Contadina pasta's 24% market-penetration rate, more conservative calculation should take different ranges of penetration rate into consideration. By choosing three possible penetration rates of 5%. 15% and 25%, the estimated results are demonstrated in Exhibit 1. In all three scenarios, kit only concept will not make up to company's expectation. For kit and topping concept, only if penetration rate reach to 15%, launch decision could be supported.
There is a great promise of application of ice structuring proteins in food that are frozen. Ice structuring proteins can inhibit re-crystallization during freezing storage, transport and thawing, thus preserving food texture by retarding cellular damage and minimal loss of nutrients (for fruit and vegetables like strawberries, raspberries, tomatoes) by reducing drip (Griffith and Ewart, 1995, Feeney and Yeh, 1998, Breton et al., 2000, Wang, 2000). Re-crystallization in frozen food occurs when temperature fluctuates during storage or transit, resulting in coarse texture. This technique is well suited to ice cream (Warren et al., 1992). Ice structuring proteins also find use in chilled and frozen meat, where large ice crystals may form intracellularly, resulting in drip and loss of nutrition during thawing. Since ice structuring proteins are located extracellularly in freeze-tolerant organism, these proteins can be added to food by physical means such as mixing, injection, soaking, or vacuum infiltration, or even by gene transfer (Venketesh and Dayananda, 2008).
The factors include but are not limited to marketing strategies, industry survival techniques, market penetration and leadership strategies. Therefore in this endeavor, there are key points of interest or specific objectives that the topic seeks to achieve. First, is identifying which option between eating in the restaurant that people would prefer. Second, the people`s preference in terms of traditional of American fast food. Third, this topic aims at establishing the most preferable American fast foods company to Asians.
This proposal is aimed at conducting a research on the market potential for Fast Food Restaurants Services in India. It will be mainly focusing towards understanding the importance of various factors affecting the choice and the need of fast food outlets by Indian young consumers. Also, it aims to study the consumption pattern towards fast foods particularly with respect to the frequency of visits and choice of fast food outlets. It aims to study the impact of hygiene and nutritional value of fast foods on consumer purchase decisions. These services may provide an opportunity to develop a niche market. This proposal aims to study the feasibility and practicality of implementing this idea.
Therefore, the attention has been drawn from quantity of food to quality and safety. A gap between food demand and safe food supply becomes an urgent issue to be solved, which also affects global food market and food security.
Nosi, C. & Zanni, L. 2004, "Moving from "typical products" to "food-related services": The Slow Food case as a new business paradigm", British Food Journal, vol. 106, no. 10, pp. 779-792, Proquest Database, <http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.students.angliss.vic.edu.au/business/docview/225143535/F51762BBA05845F7PQ/9?accountid=49749>
The movie “The Hundred Foot Journey” is a great representation of different cultures interacting as well as the different food habits. The movie is based on an Indian family who moves to Italy and wants to open an Indian restaurant across street from a famous Italian restaurant in the small town. The Kadam family wants to bring the Indian cuisine to a new culture and share some of their values. They have trouble expanding their culinary delights to the public because Marquerite the sous-chef doesn’t want any competition. Throughout the movie, secrets on certain dishes are shared and tricks to improve the certain style of food is greatly appreciated by both restaurant chefs.
McDonald’s spent a few years setting up a unique cold chain. Cold chain is necessary to maintain the freshness of the products.
The demand for easy to prepare and convenience of food create major scientific and technological challenges that cannot be fulfilled without experts scientific capable of understanding complex chemistry or biochemistry of food system and knowledge about method to preserved food which increases dependability of society towards ready-to-eat has led the greater responsibility for processors in terms of quality, safety and nutrition (McGill, 2011).
Nowadays, refrigeration and freezing had become the most popular method for food preservation. It is a desirable way to preserve food because at low temperatures which around –10°C to –25°C, chemical reactions very slowly thus it will make the bacteria in food hard to survive.