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negative effects of animal cloning
negative effects of animal cloning
negative effects of animal cloning
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Cloning is the process of genetic replication. A clone is a cell similar and identical to the cell the clone was taken from. There are three types of cloning. Three types of cloning include gene cloning, twinning, and nuclear transfer of genetic material (Clone and Cloning 1 of 4). Cloning should not continue because it can be dangerous for a number of reasons and is not morally or socially appropriate, except in cases where it could save the life of a human being.
Cloning can have all kinds of dangers. One type of danger that can result from cloning is medical dangers. The first cloned sheep named Dolly died at half of the lifespan of a naturally born sheep. She suffered from arthritis and lung cancer (Williams 1 of 2). Cloning can be harmful to many animals. Studies have shown that cloned animals are less healthy than animals that are normally reproduced (See 2 of 2). Many cloned animals have died prematurely and suffered from age related disease. Cloned mice also have a higher death rate from hepatic failure and infections (Clone and Cloning 3 of 4). Medical dangers can even occur at birth such as deformities and defects that can result from cloning (Cohen 51).
Another type of danger that can result from cloning is moral dangers. Many trials of cloning have been worthless because most of the time it does not succeed. Although, cloning happens a lot, only four percent of species have been successfully cloned. Most cloning attempts end in failure because cloning mammals is enormously difficult (See 2 of 2). Out of 123 canine surrogate mothers only three of them became pregnant each only carrying one puppy (Brownlee 1 of 2). This goes to show that cloning is morally dangerous and has harmed animals pointlessly. Cloning humans ...
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Jacqueline Langwith, Ed. Opposing Viewpionts: Cloning. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 2012. Print.
Kowalski, Kathiann. "Ready, Set, Clone." March 2011: 2. Web.
Pollack, Andrew. "Cloning Is Used to Create Embryonic Stem Cells." The New York Times 16 May 2013: 2. Web.
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Stanley, Debbie. Genetic Engineering:The Cloning Debate. New York, NY: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2000. Print.
Williams, Sarah. "Cloning may sound like fiction-but you can clone things rught in your own home." November 2009: 2. Web.
McGee, Glenn, (2001). Primer on Ethics and Human Cloning. ActionBioscience.org. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from: http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/mcgee.html
Human and animal cloning is still a debatable issue. People believe that cloning is playing God, just as Victor Frankenstein did when he created the Monster. While Victor Frankenstein’s creation ended in catastrophe, cloning’s seemly innocent side effects can still disrupt and alter the entire world.
In essence, the long-term effects of cloning are completely unknown. When studying cloning, we may see its desirable effects, but we neglect its many unknown effects. At the mention of cloning, many may contemplate Mary Shelley’s famous novel Frankenstein. Although fictional, the novel does show some truth. In the novel, Shelley warns of the dangers that come as a repercussion of knowledge, with Victor Frankenstein’s dialogue “seek happiness in tranquility and avoid ambition, even if it be only the apparently innocent one of distinguishing yourself in science and discoveries.” (Shelley) Today, we find ourselves debating similar ethical issues that Mary Shelley considered long ago. With so many incredible discoveries that lie in our future, we must also consider the responsibilities that come with these discoveries. If not, we may suffer the same fate as Victor Frankenstein had in the novel
successful clones often have problems with their body and are subject to a short lifespan ridden with health problems. This hurts the person or animal cloned rather than to help them, making cloning an immoral
Cloning is a process that creates exact genetic copies of an existing cell.Cloning is a more general term that describes a number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies. The process of cloning can happen either naturally, for instance, when identical twins develop or it can be induced through synthetic conditions in a laboratory. There are three different types of artificial cloning: gene cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning.
Automatically when people talk about human cloning that tend to be negative. Most reaction is people shouldn't play god or interfere with nature. Of course there are negative consequences that could come from cloning. On the other hand there is so many positive things that could save more lives than it would cost. Yes Cloning involves risky techniques that could result in premature babies and some deaths. That is why public policy needs to be changed on cloning. The medical possibilities are endless if federal money is given to research and develop cloning techniques.
One of the biggest problems with the use of cloning is the decline in genetic diversity, continued use of cloning would lead to inbreeding, wide scale, conformity. Humans would be taking nature into their own hands.
To create a clone is to create identical copy. This imprecise definition can be tied to a number of creatures and processes in biology, those including, mono zygote (identical) twins (when one fertilized egg splits into two embryos in the first week of fertilization) , horticulture (a section of plant being implanted in a different place to create a decedent of the original plant) , and parthenogenesis (the method of asexual reproduction by females.) The creatures and processes listed above all fall under the category clones and cloning, but the difference between these and the clones and cloning processes normally referenced in, for example, science fiction, is where they occur. The examples listed are naturally occurring clones and cloning techniques, regarded as biology clones, whereas the other type of clones and cloning occurs artificially or in laborites. This genre of cloning is cloning in biotechnology. This cloning specifically refers to three established techniques: reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning, and gene cloning. From observing the biological, naturally occurring cloning, scientists were able to create methods for created clones that are created in the laboratory intentionally. Although clones created through biotechnology are commonly associated with fantasy and science fiction, cloning animals with biotechnology is no fiction. There are even examples of animals being somewhat successfully cloned by scientists such as the lionized Dolly the Sheep. This type of technology even has the potential to clone humans, or extinct animals. Even though scientist have advanced technology and knowledge on cloning, the topic of whether or not this technology should be used is controversial. Despite the controversy and p...
Animal cloning helps reproduce the healthiest animals in the farm so there won 't be any antibiotics or growth hormones inserted into the animals to make them bigger and plumper. It is unhealthy for the people who eat any meat or dairy products because people will then be antibiotic resistant to medicine and will have a tough time getting better. Reproductive cloning will also help any animals who are near extinction by freezing the cells in the lab. Scientists are debating if reproductive cloning should be done on humans because, the public and scientists are afraid of what will happen to the human clones and what they will be used for. “ The possibility of human clones as a source of organ transplants is also upsetting to many. Some members of the U.S. Congress have presented bills to prevent human cloning for any purpose” (Kidd and Kidd 106). There has to be tons of testing and experiments on animals, the results have showed a little evidence of failures. Then maybe in the future humans clones might be possible to help get rid of any defective genes, however there is another way to get rid of defective genes without any of the
The cloning of animals and humans disregards the common ethics of the creation of humanity. Three types of cloning currently exist. There is therapeutic cloning, DNA cloning and reproductive cloning. Therapeutic cloning does not actually make a clone, it just makes stem cells. Stem cells are capable of becoming any type of cell that they are introduced to. For example, when a stem cell is introduced to a damaged heart, it transforms itself into a healthy heart cell. Even though stem cells might be very good for helping alleviate the pain of some diseases, the best use of stem cells is making embryos. This is the main reason why many people disagree with this kind of cloning. Courtney Farell and Rosalyn Carson-Dewitt wrote an article in which they stated “Some pro-life activists believe that such embryos represent human life, and do not approve of their use in the cloning process” (Farell and Carson-Dewitt 1). Reproductive cloning is creating an animal from only one parent. This type of cloning creates the most controversy because it completely disregards the whole idea of natural conception. The other very risky thing about this kind of cloning is that it has an extremely low success rate. Humans are so focused on the thought of making clones that they are unaware of the risk factors. Cloning makes life seem as though humans are the individuals who were meant to create. In the words of Eric Badertscher, “The cloning of human beings is particularly distasteful, and shows humans’ desire to ‘play God’ regardless to the risks of people born in this manner” (Badertscher 6). The controversy of cloning was born when the first successfully cloned animal was created in 1997. Dolly the Sheep became a focal point of...
Before the ethics of human cloning can be discussed, the mechanics of cloning must be understood first. Cloning is the process of making an exact genetic copy of an organism by a method called nuclear transplantation which is a process of removing a nucleus (the center of a cell which contains all of the biological information) from a cell and placing it into an already fertilized egg that had its nucleus removed (Dudley 6). That process creates an embryo which then can be “grown” in a lab or inside of a surrogate mother. However the process is not as easy as it sounds because the cells of an adult organism have mostly specialized to do a certain task. The cell specializes by turning “off” certain genes (sections of DNA that code for proteins) and when this specialized cell is transplanted into an egg, it is expected to turn into a whole new organism but with the same genetic makeup as the “donor” of the nucleus. That poses a problem because the specialized cell would not have all the necessary genes turned “on” for a new organism to create all the diverse organs and tissues that a new organism needs so there would be many failures before a functional and healthy clone is produced (Nusslein-Volhard). Even the first genetically cloned sheep named Dolly took 277 failures before it was actually created. If that was applied t...
First of all, “Australia’s first cloned sheep appeared to be healthy and energetic the day she died, during the autopsy they could not find the cause (Castro, 2005).” There are many risks to cloning and you are seldom able to identify the cause of their death. “More than 90% of cloning attempts fail (Human Genome Program, 2006).” Most cloned animals died mysteriously even before they were born or when they were very young, so there is hardly any information on how clones age. Clones may be born with a normal looking body but may have internal functioning problems. “Cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders (Human Genome Program, 2006).” There are many risks of cloning and a major factor is genetic differences.
John A. Robertson, “Human Cloning and the Challenge of Regulation,” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 339, no. 2 (July 9, 1998), pp. 119-122.
When an animal is cloned you will always know how it will turn out. Unfortunately, many cloned animals don't survive due to complications during birth and pregnancy. Cloning can boast health among livestock by replicating animals with a strong immune system. However, it can also be quite costly, especially when many attempts fail. Cloning is an amazing advance in science. But not everyone thinks it is right. Many think it is breaking the laws of nature.
People have always marvelled upon the idea of having their own clone. A clone may be able to do your homework, chores, or fill in for you at the office without anyone suspecting a thing. Sounds like a fun idea to have a clone, right? But what are the reasons that the sciences of cloning would be a bad idea, and should in fact be banned? Proponents of cloning overlook ethical issues; however, the benefits do not outweigh these concerns because people worry about humans being unique, copies of people can be created without a person’s permission, people wouldn’t be able to distinguish between a clone and original.