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psychology introduction and importance in sports and education
gender issues in sports
gender issues in sports
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Children who participate in sports are developing rapidly in sports skills, sportsmanship, and psychologically, but does this come from organized sports are just nature’s process. Children develop emotional and social benefits from participating in sports. Children experience character and leadership development through peer relations leading to an increase in self-esteem and a decrease in anxiety levels. Children will get opportunities to experience positive and negative emotions throughout their practice and games trials. It is important for the coach to understand the “psychology of youth sports and physical activity participation” (Weinberg & Gould, 2011 p.516). The type of sport adolescents choose to participate in can be considered masculine, feminine, or neutral which causes stereotypes among peers. Society has set the stereotypes for competitive sports based on gender. According to Alley & Hick (2005), “despite legal and social changes, sexist ideology still pervades sport” (p.273). Sports are seen as masculine, male dominated, and males receive higher media coverage and pay than the majority of female sports. The gender stereotype is learned through socialization and “for certain sports appear to be learned by grade school” (Alley & Hicks, 2005. p. 274). Gender role conflicts may appear in some athlete depending on the sport(s) one chooses to participate in, but this can alter by demonstrating acceptance for the opposite gender in sports. It is important to indentifying the social effects of sports participation in both genders and how beneficial it can be to the adolescent. Through sports participation adolescents learn those gender roles are based on self-perception, and not social interactions. Peer interactions dev... ... middle of paper ... ...rganized sports participation. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 40(3), 153-161. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/220525541?accountid=8289 Goldstein, J. D., & Iso-Ahola, S. (2006). Promoting sportsmanship in youth sports: Perspectives from sport psychology. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 77(7), 18-24. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/215757725?accountid=8289 Linver, M. R., Roth, J. L., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2009). Patterns of adolescents' participation in organized activities: Are sports best when combined with other activities? Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 354-367. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014133 Steptoe, A., & Butler, N. (1996). Sports participation and emotional wellbeing in adolescents. The Lancet, 347(9018), 1789-92. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199054311?accountid=8289
Youth sports are a staple in nearly every American’s childhood as highlighted in “Children Need to Play, Not Compete” by Jessica Statsky. Statsky makes two contentions in favor of this argument: first, that the participants of youth sports are not physically and psychologically ready, and second, that the mentality of win or lose is more harmful than helpful during the formative years of a child’s development. I agree with Statsky that children’s sports are too often over competitive, but some competition is beneficial to their development.
The influence of sports activities on boys’ identity and socialization experience remains a major interest in gender studies today. Michael A. Messner wrote an article called Boyhood, Organized Sports, and the Construction of Masculinities. The article examines the way sports focus and define what it is to be a masculine, studies variation in sports’ influences across social classes, and depicts lessons sports participation impacts for relationships beyond sports. Each area Michael A. Messner examined directly relates to three key concepts of psychology theories. The concepts consist of observational learning (social learning), conformity, and social identity. The research methods in the article are also a major factor contributing to the
Every year there are a number of children who withdraw from participating in youth sports. While countless leave sports to pursue other interests, a significant number detest their experience in sport. From the intense practices to pressure-filled competitions, young athletes can feel a considerable amount of stress. If this stress remains for an extended period of time, children experience “burnout” and lose their desire to continue playing. There are two ways parents can avoid youth sports burnout for their children: making sure the children have a healthy balance in their lives and giving the children input into decisions. While sports require dedication in order to achieve a high level
These days, there is too much pressure on children who participate in organized sports because of the unnecessary parental involvement they experience. A growing concern amongst those involved in youth sports is that certain aspects of parental involvement become detrimental to the development and experiences of young athletes. Early emphasis on winning, making money, and the disruption of education can exceedingly affect ones desire to further participate in a sport later on in his/her life.
Jessica Statsky, in her essay, “Children need to Play, Not Compete” attempts to refute the common belief that organized sports are good for children. She sees organized sports not as healthy pass-times for children, but as onerous tasks that children do not truly enjoy. She also notes that not only are organized sports not enjoyable for children, they may cause irreparable harm to the children, both emotionally and physically. In her thesis statement, Statsky states, “When overzealous parents and coaches impose adult standards on children's sports, the result can be activities that are neither satisfying nor beneficial to children” (627). While this statement is strong, her defense of it is weak.
Participation in sports has proven to increase self-discipline and self-esteem, and can teach athletes to learn from their mistakes and move on (Issitt). Athletes playing team sports also develop the ability to work well with others and use teamwork in their everyday lives. Teammates form relationships that are strengthened over a common passion and goal. These relationships can last long after high school is over (Chen). These social skills translate into better communication used with an athlete’s family, peers, and in the community. Likewise, “A 2006 study in Maryland found that student athletes are 15 percent more likely than non athletes to be involved in their communities and to take the time for civic engagements, including participating in voting and volunteer activities” (Issitt). The same study also concluded that athletes are far more likely to be comfortable with public speaking than non-athletes. This study provides concrete evidence that high school sports can help to gain mental and social skills that will be used later in life
Let’s review the Pros of children taking part in organized sports: physical activity, socialization, health competition, self-esteem, and discipline. With every action there is an equal reaction also known as the Cons of children taking part in organized sports: which are injuries, cost, stress, and lost family time together.Some of the benefits of playing outdoor sports, are stated by Adnan Samia in an article entitled “Benefits of Sports.” In schools today the break time is hardly 20 to 30 minutes. Playing outdoor games enhance endurance, flexibility, improve balance as well as strengthen bones and muscles. Sports help in developing better hand-eye co-ordination and fast foot movement. The children who play sports are less likely to get arthritis and diabetes than their peers who do not exercise or play games.
Some parents argue that playing youth sports can cause a child to have a negative mentality because the child has a risk of failing in the sport, but failing at a young age can be a good thing because youth sports teach children that not everyone is a winner. Youth sports teams are the perfect opportunity to teach children not everyone can win at everything every time. It is the perfect time for kids to learn how to bounce back after a disappointment. As a child gets older there will be tests they don’t pass, awards they won’t win, jobs and raises they won’t get, and so on. Teaching children at a young age how not to be a sore loser and how to grow, learn, and move on from a loss will help the child recover from more serious losses down the
Zarrett, Nicole, et al. "More Than Child's Play: Variable- and Pattern-Centered Approaches for Examining Effects of Sports Participation on Youth Development." Developmental Psychology 45.2 (2009): 368-382. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 26 May 2010.
What is crucial is for a majority of the five ‘C’s to be addressed. In the studies that were discussed the five ‘C’s were addressed thus there was positive outcomes from the studies. In regards to physical development the child benefits from the physical activity that the program provides to the child. With the increase of sedentary lifestyle among children it is important for children to participate in sports. Sports incorporate this physical activity into a regular routine for the child thus positively enforcing the child to receive those 30-60 minutes of physical activity. Sports programs also allow the child to be positively enforced in their academic achievements. Academic requirements and social comparison motivates the child to obtain good grades and be an active student. Lastly, the positive social-emotional benefits that sport programs award the child exhibits how important sports programs can be. Reduced social anxiety and stress as well as an increase in self-perception ensures the child with be positively impacted by sports programs. Future parents, educators, and government officials need to take this information into consideration in order to promote healthy lifestyles for children. Further research should be conducted to examine specific sports and the benefits that can come from these. Having children participate in sports programs can deter issues that are currently rising in society, such as obesity and behavioral problems. There are some limitations that are in sports, such as injury or placing an importance on winning, but the positive benefits heavily outweigh the negative. Sports programs are fundamental if we want our future children to live a healthy
How Can Coaches Enhance Self-Esteem in Young Athletes? Being positive, respectful, inclusive and keeping sport in perspective are key aspects of a positive sporting surrounding. These elements can advance coach-athlete relationships and help frame positive self-esteem. Children who participate in highly competitive or strict environments may have more feelings of low self-worth when they lose a game. Wins and losses can be more essential to some kids than the physical abilities they develop by being involved in the sport. Participation in school sports supply a sense of belonging and being part of a team or group. You interact with your peers in a friendly manner. You learn to examine the interests of your teammates and to practice mutual respect and
Over the last few years there has been a lot of talk about competitiveness and sports in today’s society. There are now people saying that everyone is a winner, and that there are no losers. While others believe that this competitiveness in sports is great for a kid. The parents who do not believe that sports are good these days for their children are saying that there is too much pressure to perform well, their child may get an injury due to overuse, the financial burden it puts on them as a family, and that coaches nowadays aren’t promoting fun as much (Merkel Table 3). On the other side of the argument parents and experts are saying that sports teach kids to exercise and eat right, they cut down on obesity rates, sports help with positive attitudes in teens as well as a decrease in depression and suicide rates, and that sports improve overall academic success and goal setting. Sports in today’s youth is a heated topic with arguments to support both the pros and cons, yet it seems that the pros out-weigh the cons.
The involvement in team sports builds good character and social development skills in children. According to LHSAA executive director, Kenny Henderson “Children who participate in sports have heightened self-esteem, social skills, ability to work well with others and more respect.” Young adults who have played team sports are less likely to take illegal drugs. Adults who played sports as children have better social and leadership skills. Sports provide children with experiences and interactions necessary to grow into an adult with good character and sufficient social skills. Team sports in grade school can offer children and teenager an outlet for stress and negative emotional build-up. Coaches, practices, games or meets and traveling all have a large impact on a person’s charter. Most children who have played a team sport at some time have character traits found in highly successful adults.
It has been known a proven fact that participation in high school sports encourages better moods, self-esteem, and a higher level of academic achievement. This has been proven through various studies, one of them being a study done in New York. In 2006, the Carnegie Corporation of New York discovered that students benefited from participating in high school sports. An improvement in grades, confidence, and personal health and welfare were appreciably noted in ...
The main goals behind Sport Education are to help students become knowledgeable about different sports and activities to the point where they can participate in these outside of the classroom to stay active. Also it teaches execution and strategies and encourages competitiveness. It is important for kids to be competitive because they will have to be in life and it will teach the importance of winning and losing the right way. “Sports offer kids a great chance to work cooperatively toward a common goal. And working coope...