Causes and Types of Aphasia Disorder

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Aphasia

Aphasia is a disorder resulting from damage to the certain parts of the brain that deal with language. The areas of damage are typically called lesions. This disorder can lead to impairments in reading, writing, producing speech and the ability to understand speech. Aphasia typically takes place suddenly after a head injury or stroke, although, some cases can arise over time; a good example of this is when a brain tumor develops.

“Aphasia affects about one million Americans -or 1 in 250 people- and is more common than Parkinson's Disease, cerebral palsy, or muscular dystrophy. More than 100,000 Americans acquire the disorder each year” (The National Aphasia Association , 2013). This disorder can be acquired by anyone, but targets most people in the middle to later years of life. Aphasia can occur in people of all ages, genders, and ethnicities.

Types of Aphasia:

Aphasia can range from mild to severe which results in many different classifications of this disorder. Listed below are a selected two types of aphasia:

Broca’s Aphasia:

Broca’s aphasia arises when lesions are located in the frontal part of the left hemisphere or the Broca’s area. The front portion of the left hemisphere is primarily used for putting words together in order to form sentences. “Agrammatic Broca’s aphasia is characterized by telegraphic speech. Although telegraphic speech was originally described as the use of mainly content words, and content words were defined as nouns, verbs and adjectives, it is now generally acknowledged that agrammatic speakers have severe problems with verb production” (Links, Hurkmans, & Bastiaanse, 2010). Many times Broca’s aphasia does in fact harshly affect one’s ability to write.

Wernicke’s Aphasia.

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...ic Broca's aphasia. Aphasioogy. 24 (11), 1303-1325.

National Institutes of Health. (2010, November 04). Frequently Asked Questions About Funding and Research. Retrieved from The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders : http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/tools/pages/faqs_fr.aspx

Plante, E., & Beeson, P. M. (2008). Communication and Communication Disorders: A Clinical Introduction. Pearson Education Inc.

The National Aphasia Association . (2013, May 15). Aphasia Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved from Aphasia: http://www.aphasia.org/Aphasia%20Facts/aphasia_faq.html

Wiener, D. A., Connor, L. T., & Obler, L. K. (2004). Inhibition and auditory compehension in Wernicke's aphasia. Aphasiology, 18., 599-609.

Yavuzer, G. (2013). Aphasia. Retrieved from Internation Encyclopedia of Rehabilitation: http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/encyclopedia/en/article/9/

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