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effects of adhd on development of children
research paper on adhd medication in children
effects of adhd on development of children
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Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder has been highly examined and studied for over 100 years, and to this very day, still remains a highly contentious and obscure subject. However, despite its unascertained origins, ADHD is ironically the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric illness in children (6). Five to ten percent of school-aged kids are affected by the neurological disease (6), yet there still remains no sure explanation as to how exactly the human brain manifests this disability. Nonetheless, stimulant-based medicine is most regularly used in treating the major ADHD symptoms: impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity. The stimulant drugs’ functioning helps better children’s’ focusing, working, and learning abilities by enhancing or leveling certain neurotransmitters in the brain (1). Many researchers suspect that individuals with ADHD have weak dopamine signals that interfere with their ability to focus; thus, by stimulating increased dopamine release, their attentiveness will improve (2). However, the stimulants’ relaxing effects on hyperactive children are incongruent with the known alerting, locomotive, and wakeful effects of stimulant drugs. Although medically, it is clear why stimulants help tend to ADHD symptoms such as lack of concentration and impulsivity, there is still much uncertainty as to why a stimulating drug would alleviate the ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity. Despite the fact that no research has fully proven the reason for this paradox, through consideration of the neural mechanisms of the brain, and copious lab tests and research on mice, neuroscientists have been able to hypothesize an explanation for the anomalous calming effects stimulants bear on children with ADHD.
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...e American Medical Association, 296, 2859-2860. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://jama.ama-assn.org.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/content/296/23/2859.full
(Botsford, 2006)
Kirley, A., Hawi, Z., Daly, G., McCarron, M., Mullins, C., Millar, N...Gill, M. (2002). Dopaminergic system genes in adhd: Toward a biological hypothesis. Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 608-612. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com.ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/npp/journal/v27/n4/full/1395905a.html
(Kirley et al., 2002)
Napolitano, F., Bonito-Oliva, A., Gu, H., Mercuri, N., Usiello, A., Federici, M…Usiello, A. (2012). Role of aberrant striatal dopamine d1 receptor/cAMP/protein kinase a/DARPP32 signaling in the paradoxical calming effect of amphetamine. The Journal of Neuroscience, 30. Retrieved March 20, 2012, from http://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/33/11043.full
(Napolitano et al., 2012)
Attention Hyperactive Deficit Disorder “You know how it feels when you’re leaning back in your chair and it’s just about to fall over? I feel like that all the time!” This is how a person affected with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) feels every day. ADHD refers to a family of related disorders that interfere with an individual's capacity to regulate activity level, inhibit behavior, and attend to tasks in developmentally appropriate ways. Some statistics: 75% people with
In 1998, the National Institutes of Mental Health agreed that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is indeed a legitimate psychologic condition even though its definition has not been fully pinned down. ADHD is a syndrome generally characterized by the following symptoms that first occur before the age of seven: Inattention, Distractibility, Impulsivity, Hyperactivity. Some experts further categorize ADHD into three subtypes: Behavior marked by hyperactivity and impulsivity, but not
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, also commonly known as ADHD is considered a neuro-behavioral disorder. A.D.H.D has different symptoms that can affect each person differently. Common symptoms of A.D.H.D include behaviors such as hyperactivity, impulsiveness, inattentiveness or a combination of all. It is estimated that anywhere between 3 and 7 percent of the population of school age children are affected by this disorder. It is more common that boys are diagnosed with A.D.H.D than girls
are 8 students in the class that I attempt to help in and my entire project is based upon kids with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, otherwise more easily known as ADD or ADHD. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a condition that becomes apparent in some children in the preschool and early school years. It is hard for these children to control their behavior and/or pay attention. Each day I am there, it is a different student that has problems with controlling their actions in
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is real. In this response paper, I will discuss the associated impairments and potential etiology of ADHD, and underlying reason of the sharply increased diagnosing cases in the United States. There are two symptom categories of ADHD: hyperactivity and impulsivity, and inattention. Viewed as disruptive and extremely impulsive, hyperactive children ae often socially isolated which damages their self-esteem and increases self-doubt with the inability
Sedly bat sarily on tudey’s sucoity wi wuald gu thruagh eny lingths tu frii uarsilvis uf eny doscumfurt ur herdshops woth e qaock fox. Addirell os e cummun drag ontrudacid on 1996, sulily priscrobid fur piupli doegnusid woth Attintoun difocot hypirectovi dosurdir, e niarulugocel besid bihevourel dosurdir privelint on buth choldrin end edalts. Thi dosurdir ADHD privints uni’s eboloty tu cuncintreti, on eddotoun tu ompalsovi riectouns end hypirectovoty. Ovir thi pest dicedi, stadints hevi biin doegnusid
Target Client Chris Hazel is 4 year-old-boy. He is diagnosed as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). He is very stubborn and he only does thing only he wants and eats what he wants. If he is being forced do something new and dislike, he goes out of control. Chris is underweight than average, 30 lbs. Most of childcare is from his grandmother and she tends to be very leaner with Chris. Both of his parents are very busy with their job but they try to
behaviors. While Susie and Bob are paying attention to their teacher, closely following instructions and sitting quietly in their seats, Trent is looking out the window, not sure of the assignment and falling out of his chair. A significant challenge to students and teachers today is the existence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Rarely diagnosed 50 years ago it is commonplace in today’s society. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disease that is very common in both
Misrepresentation of Mental Illnesses by Television Media To eliminate the partial representation of mental illnesses, television media needs to focus on all sides of this illness. The media needs to show that attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is a legitimate disorder with effective treatments. At least one in four families in the U.S. is affected by mental illnesses. Unfortunately there is no cure for this range of illnesses, which have been around for thousands of years. Of the American
Learning Disabilities: ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) is a condition that can affect any person’s behavior and way of life. In their book, Special Education, J.Ysseldyke and B. Algozzine state that no area has experienced as much growth as learning disabilities. It is by far the largest of all special education categories. Enormous changes in the last century have changed the way society treats children with disabilities. Psychologist William Lee Heward affirms that in the
culture has changed over the years, parents today still want what is best for their children. Why then, are parents allowing their children to be put on medications that may have an adverse effect on their children? Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) have increasingly been diagnosed among young children today. Parents should become more informed about the over diagnosing, side effects, results of the medication and all other pertinent information before
treating ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. Approximately 3-5% of children in the world have ADHD, of those, about 4 million take Ritalin (Breggin, 1998). It is thought that ADHD may occur from low levels of dopamine and epinephrine in the brain; although that is a highly controversial topic, it makes Ritalin an obvious treatment. (http://www.restores_homepage.com/the_ritalin_generation.htm) What is ADHD? Many psychologists regard ADHD as a state deficit, where children are
report I will be discussing different disorders of the brain and how they affect the every day life of people who may have these disorders. (The Volume Library 900) The first disorder that I will be discussing is a disease called Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (A.D.H.D.). This disease has not just been recently discovered. It was first discovered in the eighteen hundreds by a British physician where the first book about Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder was written, “Fidgety Phil.” Up until
ADHD - Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder When I first heard about ADHD (Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder), I thought, “C’mon. This psycho-babble has gone too far.” I saw psychologists, researchers, lawyers, teachers, parents, all talking seriously about this claimed disorder. But what I didn’t think about was where this information was coming from. Many talk shows have featured ADHD, where self-righteous citizens cheer, boo, and hiss like a jury at some medieval witch
which children with Learning Disabilities are being helped. There are many different types of learning disabilities; the most common ones are dyslexia and attention deficit disorder. (Jerome Rosner. –third ed. 1) Dyslexia is a disorder in which someone has difficulty reading, which is not caused from a physical handicap, or emotional disorder. Many people with dyslexia have bad handwriting and have a tendency to read letters backwards. Those who have a high or even normal IQ, but have a reading