Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
ethical dilemmas in research esssay
ethical dilemmas in research esssay
negative impacts of animal testing
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: ethical dilemmas in research esssay
Research is responsible for virtually all the medical breakthroughs there have been- there are medicines and vaccines and cures and treatments and more life saving benefits being developed today- but an important factor to the development of medical advances is the inclusion of animals in research. Virtually almost everyone alive has benefited from the medical advances made feasible through animal testing. According to my aunt Blanca, who is a mother of a child who was diagnosed with severe epilepsy says, “We should be thankful and supportive of animal testing” (Perez). When I questioned her whether she believed testing animals was cruel she said, “Nobody wishes for animals to be used in this form, and I believe animals should be used only for medical research and when there is no other method. I am a mother so I find it hard to believe and accept that any parent would be against or have issues with animal research.” Although my aunt’s daughter has been left with learning disabilities for the rest of her life, my aunt is grateful because without effective medicines her daughter could have not only been worse but possibly could have died. Although extremists argue that animal testing is cruel and unnecessary, animal testing is justifiable when regarding animal testing as a vital role in medical advances that save lives. Animal research is responsible for profound eruditions that have served as a foundation for medical advancements. In virtually every major medical advance for both human and veterinary health, animal research has played a vital role. According to the U.S. based Foundation for Biomedical Research, “From antibiotics to blood transfusions, from dialysis to organ transplantation from vaccinations to chemotherapy, bypas... ... middle of paper ... ...7): 44+. General Reference Center. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. "Medical Advances through Animal Research." University of Minnesota. Regents of the University of Minnesota, 15 Jun 2006. Web. 22 Nov 2013. Orlans, F. Barbara. "Policy issues in the use of animals in research, testing, and education." The Hastings Center Report May-June 1990: S25+. General Reference Center. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. Purchase, Iain. "Experimental animal research." Biological Sciences Review Jan. 2001: 26. General Reference Center. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. Roush, Wade. "Hunting for animal alternatives." Science 274.5285 (1996): 168+. General Reference Center. Web. 19 Nov. 2013. Southwick, Ron. "Fighting for Research on Animals." The Chronicle of Higher Education 48.31 (2002). General Reference Center. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. "Speaking of Research." Pushing Forward for Pro-Test Science. N.p., 2009. Web. 22 Nov. 2013.
STATEMENT OF USE: “Although many key questions can still only be answered by animal studies, non-animal methods now account for 90% of medical research and include mathematical and computer models, advanced tissue and cell cultures, and scanning technology.” This information will take a great stance in my paper once more research is done about it. Animals do not need to be used to understand biomedical medicine and knowledge. They are not models for anything society taunts them to be. (76
Without animal research, cures for such diseases as typhoid, diphtheria, and polio might never have existed. Without animal research, the development of antibiotics and insulin would have been delayed. Without animal research, many human beings would now be dead. However, because of animal testing, 200,000 dogs, 50,000 cats, 60,000 primates, 1.5 million hamsters, and uncounted millions of rats and mice are experimented upon and die each year, as living fodder for the great human scientific machine. Some would say that animal research is an integral part of progress; unfortunately, this is often true. On the whole, animal testing is a necessary evil that should be reduced and eliminated whenever possible.
Frankie Trull. “Animals in Research is Critical to Continued Progress in Human Health.” Ed. Jeanne Williams. The Society for Advancement of Education: 1989. Print.
“Animals and Research Part 4: Ethics of using animals in research.” Editorial. Seattle Post-Intelligencer 20 Apr. 2000 <http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/opinion/anml4.shtml>.
Hester, R E, and Roy M. Harrison. Alternatives to Animal Testing. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2006. Internet resource.
Historically, the use of animals for experimental purposes dates back to early Greek physician-scientists. Aristotle and Galen both conducted experiments on animals in an effort to contribute to our understanding of science and medicine.1 Claude Bernard later established animal experimentation as part of the scientific method. Known as the father of physiology, Bernard stated that “experiments on animals are entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of man. The effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree.”1 Bernard’s work strongly influenced the use of animals in biomedical research, which has become a common, and often required, practice today. The American Medical Association (AMA)...
Driscoll, Sally and Laura Finley. “Animal Experimentation: An Overview.”Points Of View: Animal Experimentation (2013): 1. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 6 Feb. 2014
Howard, Carol. "Alternative Testing Can Replace Animal Experimentation." AV Magazine CXIII (Spring 2005): 14-15. Rpt. in Animal Experimentation. Ed. Cindy Mur. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2004. At Issue. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 25 Apr. 2011.
Ferdowsian, Hope R. "Ethical and Scientific Considerations Regarding Animal Testing and Research." EBSCO Animals. EBSCO, Sept. 2011. Web. Mar. 2014.
To begin with, animal testing is vital to find out side effects of medicine that should be tested on animals rather than being tested on human begins. According to Archibald (2004), in 1937, in the USA, a drug was distributed in liquid to treat streptococcal infections. Unfortunately, the solvent was diethylene glycol (antifreeze), which was known to be horribly and fatally toxic but drug-safety testing was not required. 137 deaths followed. In addition, animals have saved human lives for decades. Without animal research, many of the diseases would still affect the world today and few cures would be found. According to Emory University, “major medical advances that have resulted from animal research include the treatment of rabies, smallpox, pellagra, and rickets and the discovery of sulfa drugs, penicillin, and other modern antibiotics.” Finally, animal research is continuing to enhance and improve the medical field overall. For example, a new neuroimplant system, the Tulggar, developed to solve the problems with present implants was tested on sheep to ensure the use on living tissue. Without the use of sheep to test this new implant system, the Tulgar would not have been developed and be established as a clinical tool in modern medicine (Kalkan et. Al, 2015). However, even though animal research has been the foundation for medicinal uses, animal rights activists will
Rick Bogle Alliance for Animals. "It Is Time to Revisit Experimentation on Animals." Wisconsin State Journal, 7 08 2013, All ed., The Cap Times: n. pag. eLibrary. Web. 12 Nov. 2013.
Millions of animals are used to test consumer products, but they also become victims to experiments for medical research. In The Ethics of Animal Research (2007) both authors state that there have been many medical advances with the development of medicines and treatments as a result of research conducted on animals (para 1). These medical i...
The deployment of animals for medical research has brought heated debates from both the proponents and opponents each holding to their views in a tight manner. Those who are in support of animal research argue that it has been constituting a vital element in the advancement of medical sciences throughout the world providing insights to various diseases, which have helped in the discovery and development of various medicines that have brought an improvement in the qualify of living of people. Such discoveries have gone so deep that but for them many would have died a premature death because no cure would have been found for the diseases that they were otherwise suffering. On the other hand, animal lovers and animal right extremists hold to the view that animal experimentation is not only necessary but also Cruel. Human kind is subjecting them to such cruelties because they are helpless and even assuming such experiments do bring in benefits, the inhuman treatment meted out to them is simply not worth such benefits. They would like measures, including enactment of legislations to put an end to using animals by the name of research. This paper takes the view there are merits in either of the arguments and takes the stand a balanced approach needs to be taken on the issue so that both the medical science does not suffer, and the animal lovers are pacified, even if not totally satisfied. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: The next section discusses both the sides by taking account the view of scholars and practitioners and the subsequent section concludes the paper by drawing vital points from the previous section to justify the stand taken in this paper....
Orlans, F Barbara. (1990). Animals, Science, and Ethics--Section V. Policy Issues in the Use of Animals in Research, Testing, and Education. The Hastings Center Report, 20(3), S25-30. Retrieved April 28, 2011, from Research Library. (Document ID: 1658998).
When considering the advantages and disadvantages of animal research, it is important to take into account the successes that have emerged from animal research, like the development of psychotropic medications. The use of animal research has helped some way in the development of everything from the Tuberculosis cure, to the Polio vaccine, to the treatment of AIDS (Gluck, 2003).