"Fragile X Syndrome (also called FXS) is the most common cause of inherited mental retardation." (2011, University of Michigan Health System). "The gene on the X chromosome that causes FXS is called the Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. The FMR1 gene makes a protein that is needed for normal brain development." (September 1, 2006. Department of Human Health and Services Center of Disease Control and Prevention.) When this protein is not made, that is when FXS occurs. Fragile X Syndrome is what is called a chromosomal sex-linked trait. A change or mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the Fragile X Syndrome. As human beings we have 46 chromosomes. In these 46 are two genes that are sex linked. These 2 chromosomes determine whether you are male or female. If you are male, your chromosomes are an X and a Y. If you are female you have two Xs. For example, when reproduction occurs each child receives a set of chromosome from each parent, there is a chance that out of four children, 2 will have this disorder. (Please refer to the chart below.)
Father with Muta0ted Gene MotheDr with Mutated Gene DOD0
0 =Male =Abnormal FMR1 Gen b =Female =Normal FMR1 Gene

Fragile X Syndrome is one of the genetic disorders that are grouped in what is called trinucleotide. "DNA is made up of four chemical building blocks called nucleotides: A, C,
T, and G." (September 1, 2006. Department of Human Health and Services Center of
Disease Control and Prevention.) When the trinucleotide repeat disorders repeat, they use 3 of these nucleotides. In everyone’s DNA it repeats, but it is only "dangerous" when they repeat many times, which causes the genes to not work correctly. "A normal FMR1 gene has between about 6 and 45 CGG repeats....
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...t Fragile X Syndrome.
Work Cited
Colorado Fragile X Consortium. (2008). School of medicine Colorado Fragile X Consortium.
(April25, 2011). From: http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschoollprograms/fragilex/Pages/Ge ne_Basic.aspx
Fragile X Syndrome. (2011). University ofMichigan Health System. (April26, 2011). From: http://www.med.umich.edu/yourchildltopics/fragilex.htm.
'Fragile X Syndrome. (September 1, 2006). Department of Human Health and Services Center of Disease Control and Prevention. (April25, 2011).
From: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbdddlsingle_gene/fragilex.htm.
What should I do if l find out someone in my family has fragile X syndrome? (August 18,
2006). National Institutions of Health Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (April 26, 2011). From: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/:fragileX/sub19.cf
Kemp, Joe. “Fetus of pregnant, brain-dead Texas woman ‘distinctly abnormal’: lawyers.” NYDailyNews. New York Daily News. 23 Jan. 2014. Web. 08 Feb. 2014.
Mayo Clinic Staff. "Autism." Autism- MayoClinic.com. MayoClinic, 06 Oct 2012. Web. 11 Dec 2013. .
Rett syndrome is a progressive neurological disorder that affects almost exclusively in females. The most basic symptoms include decreased speech, cognitive disabilities, severe lack of muscle control, small head size, and unusual hand movements. A woman with a mutation in her MECP2 gene, has a 50% risk with any pregnancy to pass on her X chromosome with the mutation. It is not common for women with Rett syndrome to have children because the severity of the disorder. The mutated gene on the X chromosome that is responsible for causing Rett syndrome is the methyl CpG-binding protein 2, MECP2 gene. The gene makes a protein that controls other genes. When a mutation occurs in the MECP2, the protein it makes does not work properly. This is thought to counteract normal neuron, nerve cell development. The severity of the syndrome in females is related to the type of mutation in the MECP2 gene and the percentage of cells that carry a normal copy of the MECP2 gene. Rett syndrome is believed to affect all ethnic groups and nationalities with an equal frequency of about 1 case for every 10,000 to 15,000 live female births.
Precious is a 16-year-old African American who is morbidly obese. She suffered sexual abuse from her father, and physical and emotional abuse from her mother. As a result of the sexual abuse she incurred from her father, she contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). She has two children, a daughter and son, both conceived from her father. Likely a result of incest, her daughter has Down
Oakley, Ann. “Beyond The Yellow Wallpaper.” Reproductive Health Matters 5.10 (1997): 29-39. JSTOR. Web. 7 April 2011.
This was established as part of a range of measures taken following the death of an 8 year old girl, whose death at the hands of her carers was seen as preventable. These areas are:
pp. 112-132. Taylor, R. L., Richards, K., & Brady, N. C. (2005). AAC for children with Down syndrome and children with Fragile X syndrome. Speech and language development and intervention in Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome.
In the early components of this year, his parents had genetics test done on him to optically discern if his twin brother could possibly have the trait to have autism. It was found that he has the Fragile X Syndrome. Fragile X syndrome is associated with the expansion of the CGG trinucleotide reiterate affecting the Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on the X chromosome, resulting in a failure to express the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which is required for mundane neural development. Absence of FMRP in turn leads to abnormalities in brain development and function.
a baby ranging from low birth weight and abnormalities to death. There are a few government
Sex-linked disorders only affect males and are passed down through female carriers. A boy inherits the disorder when he receives an X chromosome with a mutated dystrophin gene (the genetic cause) from his mother. The dystrophin gene is the largest gene found in nature and was identified through a positional cloning approach. It's a highly complex gene, a large rod-like cytoskeletal protein which is found at the inner surface of muscle fibers. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.
There are many causes of intellectual disabilities. Factors may be physical, genetic, and/or social. Down syndrome, Fragile X syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) are syndromes commonly linked with intellectual disability. Many common causes occur during pregnancy or at the time of birth. For example a mother w...
"Down syndrome." South African Medical Journal 101.1 (2011): 6. Health Reference Center Academic. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.
He published a comprehensive medical description of the syndrome. It was not until 1959, that it became clear the syndrome was due to lack of sex chromosome material. Turner's Syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder that affects one in approximately 2,500 females. Females normally have two X-chromosomes. However, in those with Turner's Syndrome, one X chromosome is absent or is damaged.
Keim, Sarah A, Daniels, Julie L. & Herring, Amy H (2012). Article of Maternal disabilities, 471-482.