At the end of the day, only three factors come into play when determining social class: money, power, and respect. With any of these three determinates acquired, you will be labelled as a bourgeoisie citizen. However, if you do not acquire these aspects, you will be seen as a proletariat. Due to this difference, people are treated unequally. Some are given more opportunities in life, while others are given very few or none at all. In DeNiro's Game, by Rawi Hage, and In the Skin of a Lion, by Michael Ondaatje, the distribution of power is unbalanced, creating a stratified society. The most effective way to analyze these texts is through the Marxist lens, due to the major gap between each of the different classes. The separation between the classes can be seen through their relationships, the rebellion from the proletariat, as well as the actions and results of such actions taken by the characters.
In today's society, a healthy relationship is when both parties respect, support, and care for each other. The status of the relationship does not matter, whether it is a sexual relationship, a friendly relationship, or a professional relationship. A healthy relationship is not achieved in In the Skin of a Lion between Patrick and Clara. Patrick respects Clara, loves Clara and even supports her, but because of their class difference, Clara did not show the same respect, love and support towards him. During their relationship, Clara would constantly tell Patrick "About her plan to join her 'beloved' [Smalls]" (Ondaatje, 79). It is considered a common courtesy not to talk about your past relationship in the beginning of your new one, let alone mention how badly you would like to return to your previous relationship, making her statement ...
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...ouldn’t have leaders to lead us, or companies to sell us goods or even new technology, because no one would want to make it. If we were all equal, we would all be lazy and achieve nothing, which will lead to the end of humankind. The biggest reason people today work so hard is because they want to surpass other people and become more successful in life and in their trade. With that said, do you agree with the people who think we should all be equal, or should we have gaps in our society?
Works Cited
Ondaatje, Michael. In the skin of a lion: a novel. New York: Knopf :, 1987. Print.
Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Toronto: HBJ Shakespeare, 1988. Print.
The Free Dictionary. "Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary." Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 July 2011.
The film Class Dismissed is about a documentary video focusing on the various marginalized groups in the media. This film demonstrates how the working class are in their everyday lives and explore their cultural attitudes in the eyes of society. It generates the target towards African Americas, gay groups and women to be portrayed negatively or in a stereotypical perspective. The class system is well organized in terms of Marx’s theory which is displayed in characters in the media, as independent individuals but at the same time media has added their own perspective of the class of having difficulty fitting in with society and their own personality. According to Karl Marx’s theory of the class system, there are three stages of class (Brym, 2014). The first class consists of the Capitalist/Bourgeoisie who control the means of production; all things you need to produce. This class tends to have the most power and control the working class; they usually invest the money into a company for its machinery, land and raw materials. The second class are the Petite Bourgeoisie who maintains the system by producing ideology (2014). There people rely on the sales of their labour produced material for survival, their major sales are to the higher class of the Bou...
Merriam Webster. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary of English. Ed. Frederick Mish. 11 th.
This review can be seen in the example of someone who owns a small, local business not being seen as belonging to the same class as someone who owns a nationwide corporation, despite both people owning property. They are not seen as belonging to the same class because the large corporation makes a greater impact on society than the small, local business, and generates a larger income. Those who do not own property are differentiated in the same way by Weber, except this time he analyzes them based upon what kinds of services they offer and if they themselves participate in receiving services. In his final piece about class, Weber mentions class struggle. Class struggles are where people in the same class situation react, in large numbers, in ways that are an advantageous way to materialize and achieve their interests. Weber calls the factors that bring about class struggles, and determine class situations, markets. There are three types of markets that he mentions; the labor market, the commodities market, and the capitalistic market. The labor market is where people sell labor for money, the commodities
In the novel, In the Skin of a Lion written in the year 1987, Michael Ondaatje uses a variety of different themes such as the power of language, the immigrant experience, search for identity and many others to make the novel interesting. Along with these interesting themes Ondaatje makes it more interesting with the novel’s non-chronological order. Identity is what makes up a person by either the description, the actions done by the person or appearance. Ondaatje does a wonderful job of developing the characters’ identity
Marx’s analysis of social class is that there will always be a divide between the haves and the have not’s. He separates them into two classes the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie signifies the capitalist class, while proletariat signifies the working class. Max Weber’s defines class as “a group of people who have a similar level of economic resources”(p.244). He identifies two main elements of class, material resources, and skill knowledge in the marketplace. In contrast to Marx’s view on class Weber believed that class was not just based solely on ownership of means of production, but could also be based off ownership of other resources and the amount knowledge one has. Pierre Bourdieu’s view on class is that it is based on the concept of cultural capital meaning, “our tastes, knowledge, attitudes, language, and ways of thinking that we exchange in interaction with others”
Social class is a system of stratification whereby groups of people share a similar social position in terms of occupation, income, ownership and wealth. Social class is also closely related to levels of education, status and lifestyle (including housing, car ownership and leisure activities) as well as power and influence. Class inequalities can arise due to social class. Class inequality is the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for different social classes, in particular working class disadvantage and upper class privilege. Marxism is a theoretical perspective based on the ideas of Marx (1818 - 1883) who identified two key groups in capitalist society - the Bourgeoisie who own and control the means of production and the Proletariat
"Thesaurus.com | Find Synonyms and Antonyms of Words at Thesaurus.com."Thesaurus.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2014.
Social class has existed in our society since its foundation. Working class, middle class, upper middle class, or upper class, whatever your standing, social class can affect your place in society. Social class can be defined by where you live, who you talk to, where you get an education, even by the clothes you wear. These may not be definite determinants of social class, but categorization of people becomes easier when looking at these factors. In previous papers, I have claimed that social class is a result of capitalism. Though, I still believe this to be true, there are many factors that can affect social class and vice versa. Theorists have looked at different aspects of how these can affect social class. In my paper I am going to explore capitalism, stratification, racism, segregation, and education and their relationship with social class and how this can cause social conflict; I will have a primary focus of how Weber, DuBois, and Marx views this relationship.
Rios, Alberto Alvaro. “The Secret Lion.” Portable Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing Custom Edition for Tarrant County College Northeast. 7th ed. Kirszner, Laurie G. and Stephen R. Mandell, eds. Xxxxxxx:xxxxxxxxx, 2009. 453-457.
For instance, the way the social classes in the novel are being represented is an example of the presence of the Marxist theory in the novel.
Michael Ondaatje's In the Skin of a Lion is a text that is given new meaning when viewed from differing perspectives. Readers approach the text with their own unique past and experience, which influences their perception and interpretation of the novel. Two such interpretations are the Post-Modern and Post-Colonial readings of In the Skin of a Lion. These two readings give the text more dimension, and with the awareness that this novel can be interpreted in numerous ways, a reader's understanding is strengthened and deepened.
The New International Webster's Pocket Dictionary of the English Language. Naples, FL: Trident International, 2002. Print
In the human race’s development years, the social classes were separated by tribes and, within the tribes, by the physical mass of a person. Now, society is separated by the education level of people in the workforce. These distinctions are sometimes placed forcibly upon society by some need of the people living at that time, while other differences form through the separation of class interests. Over time, people have distinguished a pattern common within most societies. Most societies, from the most primitive to the most progressive, have congregated themselves into three classes of people. These societal classes are exemplified in many pieces of literature. One novel in particular demonstrates the extreme separation of the classes: 1984. In George Orwell’s 1984, three hierarchical parties are created and separated simulating the Marxist ideal of the three classes: proletariat, bourgeoisie, and the aristocracy; 1984’s Inner Party, a version of an aristocracy, runs society and yields a higher income and lifestyle portraying the Marxist theme of the superiority of the aristocracy over the other classes while, also, emphasizing the ‘perfect’
Poverty on social conditions affects everyone in every part of the world, no matter if they are rich or poor. First of all, everyone is divided into some sort of social class. The most known classes are the economic classes- the lower class, the middle class, and the higher class. The lower class goes through arduous labor all day and night to earn decent amounts of money to provide for themselves and their families. Most likely, they are the only source of income for the entire family. The higher class works hard to keep up or raise their high social status. They also work hard so they don’t loss their social rank, which permits them to hold a higher power over the middle and lower classes. Similarities of decisions made by characters in these two literary works will analyzed to understand the meaning behind the actions and influences of the social classes on each other.
The division of society into two separate classes and capitalism are interlinked, one cannot function to the best of its ability without the other, but it is not without its problems. The repressive mechanisms of the law and the capitalist system has brought about serious challenges to the existence of the role, the power, and the