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An Article on War poetry
Emotional and psychological effects of war on soldiers
The things they carried items being symbolic
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Recommended: An Article on War poetry
” Jose Garcia Prof Correll Eng 112 -008 Oct 22 2014 In “The Things They Carried,” O’Brien describes a more personal experience of the difficulties soldiers face during war. In the other hand, Komunyakaa tells us in his poem the type of challenges veterans have long after they were in war. Although sometimes when we think about war, we think being the strongest physically can be enough to be a warrior, but we tend to forget that mentally we need to be equally strong. Komunyakaa uses vivid imagery, diction, and a sad tone throughout his poem and is able to show the reader his sadness and confusion while the speaker is visiting the Vietnam Veteran Memorial. O’Brien uses diction, imagery and a burden tone to connect with the reader in a more …show more content…
For instance, in “Facing it”, line one, Komunyakaa describes his black face fading (1), and “hiding inside the black granite” (2). The sad tone he says it with, shows some shame he has of making it out alive while thousands of others did not. He feels shameful for existing among the names listed. Half way down the poem, Komunyakaa begins to scroll “down the 58,022 names/, half-expecting to find/ his own in letters like smoke” (lines 14-16). This shows that he feels guilty he survived while so many did not. In the same way, O’Brien shows how Cross feels guilty for the death of Ted Lavender. “He felt shame. He hated himself. He loved Martha more than his men and as a consequence Lavender was now dead” (1009).He uses diction and a burden tone to get his point across the reader by repeating “he”. He blames Martha, but at the same time he blames himself for loving her so much. He burns Martha’s letters and photographs because according to him she is the reason he has been in another world (O’Brien 1013). You also see some symbolism when Cross realizes he can’t burn the blame (1013). In an article written by Rena Korb, an English major who has written for a wide variety of educational publishers, Korb states that “Jimmy Cross’s ideals of home, fantasies of a girl back home, simply …show more content…
In “The Things They Carried” after a long period of negligence, Jimmy Cross is determined to perform his duties (O’Brien 1014). Cross seems to be more concentrated, he knew “it wouldn’t help Lavender but from this point on he would comport himself as a soldier” (O’Brien 1014). After all he is been through Cross still finds courage to keep doing his job. On Paragraph 2 O’Brien describes how Cross is going to overcome Martha’s memories and fantasies, by using repetition. He uses “he would” seven times to convince the audience Cross will bury Martha’s love for good (1014). In an article written by Rena Korb, an English major who has written for a wide variety of educational publishers, Korb states that “Jimmy Cross’s ideals of home, fantasies of a girl back home, simply serve as deadly distractions.” Similarly, In “Facing it”, Komunyakaa obviously had terrible experiences regarding his close friends, for instance, “I touch the name Andrew Johnson (17), I see the booby trap’s white flash (18). As he scrolls down and comes across with the name “Andrew Johnson” he remembers him being killed by a bomb. The use of Imagery on these lines is important because the use of color white and the flash brings the bomb’s explosion to life.
One of the first women introduced to the reader is Martha. Martha is Lt. Jimmy Cross's love interest, even though she has only ever considered him as a friend and nothing more. O'Brien's uses the story of him and his misguidedness to show how the soldiers were completely separated from the war. After the war is over, the soldiers returned home attempting to get back to their normal lives. But as was shown with Cross and Martha, it didn’t turn out that way. Trying to cope with all the death that he found in Vietnam, Cross does not believe that Martha isn't a virgin and believes that they still could have a life together. This was meant to be a comfort and safety mechanism when he was possibly faced with rejection and death all around him. It got to the point that it was all he thought about up to Ted lavenders death. Trying to rid himself of the guilt he “burned Martha’s letters. The he burned the two photographs… He realized it was only a gesture… you couldn’t burn away the blame” (O’Brien 23) This shows that he knew that his obsessions with Martha is what lead to the death of ted Lavender, and even when he reali...
Since Jimmy Cross was the oldest he was an evident leader and assumed responsibility. Since Jimmy Cross took upon the leadership role, his memories with the war will be carried forever. For example, when Cross encounters another split-making decision regarding his soldier’s lives; he is given a warning to not make the same repeat mistake he did with Lavender and attempt to not get distracted with the concept of love but war is unpredictable and so are the burdens and consequences. Cross’ has the ability to choose the next campsite; he has told to put the camp in the field despite being warned it was a trap by the locals who lived there. This was a foreshadow to imminent death that happens later in the novel. The campsite was a trap and Kiowa, Alpha Company’s soldier, was exploded by rounds of mortar and died. This made Cross responsible for a part of a soldier’s death. This is a big part of the theme of emotional burdens such as guilt that carries with Jimmy Cross. "When a man died, there had to be blame. Jimmy Cross understood this. You could blame the war… A moment of carelessness or bad judgment or plain stupidity carried consequences that lasted forever." (115) shows us the struggles and emotional burdens that must have carried afterward with Cross and his platoon, all this from the result of plain carelessness despite trying not to focus on Martha and overcoming his obstacles. Other soldier’s such as Mitchell Sanders cannot make sense of their fellow soldier’s death and his only way to feel that Kiowa’s death was not meaningless and sad was to blame someone. "Ten billion places we could've set up last night, the man picks a latrine." (28) This is exactly what Mitchell Sander’s did towards Jimmy Cross, putting all the blame on him. This not only affecting Sander’s emotionally but also Cross’ which puts them with more burdens than ever before.
Lieutenant Jimmy Cross tried to lead his platoon the best he could. Often times Martha would be a distraction for him. In the end Cross gave up his love for Martha for the love of his men and the value of their lives. He gave up everything that kept him willing to live in order to keep the lives of those who he was in charge of.
The text reveals that the soldiers have a hard time with the death of ted lavender. For example, they describe ted’s death as if he just ‘’flat fuck fell’’— [The things they carried] The lieutenant cross felt the pain of losing one of his men and he blamed himself for it. One of the characters Kiowa explained how fast it had been. The guy had dropped like so much concrete.’’ Boom – down like cement’’. The lieutenant cross felt the pain of losing one of his men and he blamed himself for it.
The Roman philosopher Seneca the Younger once said “Perjor est bello timor ipse belli”, which translates to: “the dread of war is worse than war itself”. With this quote, Seneca identifies that war has both its physical and mental tolls on its participants. The psychological and emotional scars of war do much more damage to a solider than the actual physical battles. Tim O’ Brien repeats this idea many years later in his novel “The Things They Carried”, by describing how emotional burdens outweigh the physical loads that those in war must endure. What keeps them alive is the hope that they may one day return home to their loved ones. Yet, the weight of these intangible “items” such as “grief, terror, love, longing” overshadow the physical load they must endure since they are not easily cast away.
The narrator in “The Things They Carried” deals with the subjective conditions of war. Throughout the story, straining emotions often brought O’Brien’s teams emotions, especially after a death, causes a “crying jag” with a “heavy-duty hurt” (O’Brien 1185). The fury of emotion associated with death begins to erode the sharp minds of the soldiers and become mentally effective. After an event of large magnitude, it still began to take its toll on the protagonist as they often “carried all the emotional baggage of men who might dies” during the war (O’Brien 1187). The travesties that occurred with the brutality of war did not subside and began to affect those involved in a deeply emotional way. The multitude of disastrous happenings influenced the narrator to develop a psychological handicap to death by being “afraid of dying” although being “even more afraid to show it” (O’Brien 1187). The burden caused by the war creates fear inside the protagonist’s mind, yet if he were to display his sense of distress it would cause a deeper fear for those around him, thus making the thought of exposing the fear even more frightening. The emotional battle taken place in the psyche of the narrator is repressed directly by the war. The protagonist in “The Yellow Wallpaper” is also faced with the task of coping with mental
In “The Things They Carried” Tim O’Brien brings the reader to a collection of short stories. He recounts the experiences of the soldiers during the Vietnam war. It was shocking to him that people in his home town have little or no idea about the war. The author describes the soldiers with the 15-20 pounds of necessary needs they are carrying. Tim personally relates to some of the stories, one of which he was planning to run to Canada.
Jimmy Cross was responsible for all the men lives and actions. In reference to his last name Cross, he was like God. He was to watch his men and take care of them. However, he unintentionally allowed one of his soldiers Ted Lavender to get shot while peeing due to his negligence of once again daydreaming about Martha. In an attempt to accept the blame he “crouched at the bottom of the foxhole and burned Martha’s letters. Then he burned the two photographs”(23), however, shortly he fully accepted the blame. He noticed that “Lavender was dead. You couldn't burn the blame”(23). He further learned that he had to forget about Martha which only took away his elated feelings and caused more internal grief. In another careless mistake, Jimmy Cross allowed his men to set up next the shit field which eventually cobbled up his soldier Kiowa. Through this experience he learned that “you could blame the war. You could blame the idiots who made the war”(177), but the blame was on everyone. Everyone felt some type of emotion which weighted on their hearts. In the chapter “Ambush” Tim O’Brien reflects on the man he killed and noted that “when I'm reading a newspaper or just sitting alone in a room, I’ll look up and see the young man coming out of the morning fog” (134.) Though he accepts the responsibility for the man he killed, like many of the soldier’s he
This guilt gets more palpable as people from his unit die. It gets even worse and acute when Ted Lavender gets killed. Right before lavender got killed, he was delusioning about Martha and the photographs and letters he got from her. The narrator also mentioned, how the unit and Lieutenant Cross felt after lavender died. “Kiowa explained how Lavender died, Lieutenant Cross found himself trembling…. He felt shame. He hated himself. He had loved Martha more than his men, and as a consequence Lavender was now dead, and this was something he would have to carry like a stone in his stomach for the rest of the war” (O’Brien
The detail of Lieutenant Cross’s love for Martha puts him at a self war between his love for Martha and his men. His emotions are getting in the way of the war which he cannot handle. With so much to carry mentally and emotionally, Jim cannot handle the pressure which is why Ted Lavender's death is going to weigh heavily on him and haunt him. Therefore, the man versus self conflict is established through the detail of Jim’s emotions described through the author. In war, the mind is the most powerful weapon because it can either traumatize the soldier through memories of the past life or overactive fearful imagination or be able to make him survive with a strong mental stability. For Jim, he is already at a self conflict and he's losing his
In the first paragraph of the story, Jimmy Cross' rank is noted (First Lieutenant) along with the fact that he "carried letters from a girl named Martha, a junior at Mount Sebastian College in New Jersey" (434). From the outset, the reader sees that Martha plays a pivotal role in his thoughts and actions. The fact that Jimmy Cross "would imagine romantic camping trips into the White Mountains in New Hampshire" after he marched the entire day and dug a foxhole indicates that he thinks often of Martha (434). While these thoughts of a lover back home provide some form of escape for Lt. Cross, they also burden him with the obsessive feelings of unrequited love. ...
“They carried all the emotional baggage of men who might die. Grief, terror, love, longing— these were the intangibles…” (pg. 109). Although the men serving in the Vietnam War carried several pounds of gear and necessities on their bodies, there was something much heavier within their souls. The theme of “The Things They Carried,” is the burdensome mental weight of the war. This theme can be established by the guilt, fear, and the longing for home that is evident throughout the story.
In the story, Shooting an Elephant, George Orwell was a police officer for the British government. In the story it is hard to tell if George was actually forced to go to Burma, but none the less he states, “As for the job I was doing, I hated it more bitterly than I can perhaps make clear” (Orwell 1539). This is almost exactly the same way Jimmy Cross feels in the Things They Carried. Jimmy was a soldier during the Vietnam War. In the story Jimmy holds on to the memories of a girl he has a crush on and dread’s every day that he is stuck in Vietnam and away from home. This plays a huge role in each of the stories mainly because each character is in a situation they don’t want to be in, but are forced to deal with.
Yusef Komunyakaa reflects on his experiences from the Vietnam War, describing his mixed emotions using vivid imagery and dark metaphors. He struggles throughout the poem, as the caesuras indicate, as he is trying to bottle up his emotions like he would if he was fighting in the war. Komunyakaa displays the harsh reality of the aftermath of being a soldier with everlasting scars-both mental and physical-that can haunt and manifest someone. He also describes how all veterans, even if they do not know each other personally, can connect with one another on a higher level of understanding than others who do not share similar experiences or struggles would ever be able to.
Burning of Martha’s letters suggest Lt. Cross’s focus has changed from his love for Martha to his dedication to his soldiers. Prior to burning Martha’s letters the narrator explains the immense guilt Lt. Cross feels for the death of Ted Lavender. Lt. Cross feels his love for Martha distracted him from keeping his men safe (O’Brien 699). During this part of the story Lt. Cross is realizing how much thinking about Martha distracts him and that he needs to start paying more attention to his men. At the end of the story the narrator explains Lt. Cross, “was now determined to perform his duties firmly and without negligence” (705). Lt. Cross is no longer letting his thoughts of Martha control his feelings and distract him from his responsibilities.