The idea of the game in international development law was coined out of Salomon (2012) ‘s essay. She discusses a situation where there is inequality between the losing states and the winning states. This essay takes it further by applying it to a specific section of society amongst the winning and losing states. In order to create a framework, the thesis of this essay will be understood it is essential to explain the previous and also current relationship between African Elites and Western powers. The African Elites have always been the puppets in which the West uses in controlling the peoples of Africa. This is self-evident during the colonial period. As history has showed, African countries have fallen into one label or the other for example “failed states” , “Less economically Developed countries”, “corrupt nations” etc. Nayar (2010) discusses this in his essay but looks at it from the third world view in a whole. Thus, with these labels often given to African countries, the “West” often propose solutions in which they can help the African countries escape from the label and it’s disadvantages. However, the solutions they provide are not always suitable. Sometimes they are solutions that take advantage of the African countries, sometimes they swindle the African countries, and some just ensure that African countries remain in the same position with a façade that they are there to help. Thus, the question here is how do these Western countries succeed in implementing these so called “Solutions”? The African elites are the answer. Most African elites are corrupt, as history has shown, and do not care of the welfare of their people for example Mobutu from The Congo and his actions regarding how he treated his people in relation ...
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...tholomew, Amy (ED.), Empire’s Law . pluto, London pp 313-39
Nayar, J 2010 “Thinking From the Ban” I Kumar, Corinne (ED), Asking We Walk: South as New Political Imaginary, Streelekha Pub, Bangalore
Salomon, M-E 2012 . Winners and others : accounting for international law’s favourites’ in A. G. Gearty and Costas Douzinas (eds), Cambridge Companion to Human Rights Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Taylor. I (2010) The International Relations of Sub-Saharan Africa. Continuum International Publishing Group: New York
Van Den Hemel, Ernst 2008 “Incuded but not Belonging:Badiou and Ranciere on Humaan Rights” , Krisis: Journal for contemporary Philosophy, 3 . Available : http://krisis.eu/content/2008-3/2008-3-03-hemel.pdf
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The evolution of human rights is a remarkable process in the Post-World War II international law. Human rights went through a very influential change following 1945 as a result of the massive violations of human rights taking place during the Second World War. The next sixty years were marked by the development of sophisticated international human rights treaties. General human rights gradually climbed up to the international level and joined the club of slavery and labor rights. The adoption of the UN Char...
Condé, H. Victor. A Handbook on International Human Rights Terminology Human Rights in International Perspective; V. 8 Lincoln University of Nebraska Press, 2004.
In this section, I will provide a brief history of U.S. military involvement on the African continent, starting with the Barbary Wars and working up through the current date. This historical documentation will highlight the change in the role the United States has played in Africa [post 9-11???]. Prior to 9-11, the United States’ interactions were mainly [capture summary here]. Since [?], however, the continent has faced a marked increase in violent extremism and terrorism leading the United States to partner with many African nations in counterterrorism initiatives. These, and other initiatives, mean an increasing number U.S. service members are deploying to Africa to take part in training, humanitarian issues and military operations. These military activities are run by United States African Command, a recently created combatant command.
Gilbert, Erik & Reynolds, Jonathan T., Africa in World History. Third Edition. Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, 2012.
American policies demonstrated narrow interest in Africa in the early 1950’s. As every move was suppose a strategic one soon after WWII, Africa was a low precedence harmonious to public needs. For solicitation, Michael Clough eminent that “American policy makers seldom gave pre-eminence to initiatives that did not attend U.S. Strategic share” during this period (Clough, 1). Africa held contracted value at this moment in time. Moreover, Henry Byroade, head of African affairs in 1953 bluntly say, “consider us be candid in allow our post in the puissance an...
We must understand the differences in the African and European political experience in order to understand the difficulties faced by African leaders. In Herbst’s book States and Power in Africa, First I will give an overview of the differences between the African and European advances toward becoming a nation state. Next the reasons why these differences are important to understanding the difficulties faced by African leaders will be discussed. Finally I will give an overview of possible alternatives to the current system of states in Africa.
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Many controversies have arisen nowadays as to whether international law is “natural law”, international law now faces considerable criticism as to its effectiveness as law and doubts as to its actual existence, and its power to bind countries .
There is no doubt that European colonialism has left a grave impact on Africa. Many of Africa’s current and recent issues can trace their roots back to the poor decisions made during the European colonial era. Some good has resulted however, like modern medicine, education, and infrastructure. Africa’s history and culture have also been transformed. It will take many years for the scars left by colonization to fade, but some things may never truly disappear. The fate of the continent may be unclear, but its past provides us with information on why the present is the way it is.
Obadina , Tunde (2000) ; The Myth Of Neo Colonialism ; Africa Economic Analysis ; http://www.afbis.com/analysis/neo-colonialism.html ; DA Dec 8 , 2009