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Quizlet water treatment
Water treatment process and significance
Quizlet water treatment
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Water is essential for humans. Hence, it is used from agriculture to industrial products. However, due to the population increases, contamination of the water systems often occurred. Contaminated water as well as wastewater has been affected in quality that is used for washing and toilet wastes. Therefore, in order to prevent the pollution problems in receiving waters, the treatment of water is proposed. As mentioned by Omran (2011), there are six steps in water treatment process includes preliminary treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and addition of chemicals to clear water tank (exemplified in Figure 1).
Before undergoing the process of water treatment, the raw water is allowed to flow in preliminary treatment which begins with firstly, screening process. In this process, large floating materials like leaves, sticks and fish is removed to avoid the damage of plant equipment (Omran, 2011).
Secondly, the water passes through the process of aeration where the process of bringing water and air into close contact by introducing bubbles of air and letting them rise through the water (Omran, 2011). According to Omran (2011), this process is used to remove the trapped gas like hydrogen sulfide in water that can produces nasty water instead of working well in pH less than 6.5. Studied conducted by Olumuyiwa, Fred and George (2012) found that carbon dioxides that contain in water is reduced instead of decreases the solubulization of water through aeration process. This cause corrosion and leaching of plumbing materials into water.
Subsequently, after undergoes the screening, aeration and other pretreatment process, the next process which is the third is known as coagulation and flocculatio...
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...residual, and it does not cause taste or odor problems (Water supply system, 2013).
The final step of the water treatment system is pH adjustment before supplying the water to the customer. Many treatment processes such as disinfection and coagulation are pH dependent. Basically, pH is an indicator of the acid or alkaline condition of water. The pH scale ranges from 0-14; 7 indicates the neutral point. The normal pH range of drinking water is 6 - 8.5. Soda ash (sodium carbonate) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added into the water system to raise or lower the pH of water to near neutral point, at the same time reduces the soda taste and increase the effectiveness of chlorination. This method also decreases the potential of pipe corrosion as water with a pH above 9 can corrode metals such as brass, copper, zinc, aluminum and iron (Adam, Wang, Loftin & Meyer, 2002).
This is an experimental lab that tested if drinking water passes the United States maximum phosphate standard. The results of this lab can help the American who drink the water know if there are too much phosphate in the water. Each group made a Potassium phosphate dilution from a stock solution. The concentration of the solution that needed to made affected the amount of Potassium phosphate that was diluted. To create a calibration curve, each group used the different concentrated Potassium phosphate solutions in their test.
In the pH homeostasis lab, 6 experiments were conducted. The hypotheses were: If base is added to water then the pH will increase; If acid is added to water then the pH will decrease; If base is added to homogenate, then the pH will increase; If acid is added to homogenate, then the pH will decrease; If acid or base is added to buffer, then the pH will remain the same. After the experiments were conducted, the graphs were somewhat similar to the hypotheses.
Disinfection is applied in water as well as wastewater treatment as a finishing step so as to destroy pathogens but the cause of concern regarding the disinfection process is the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Natural organic matter (NOM) in water has been considered as the predominant DBP precursors. Disinfectants are powerful oxidants that oxidize the organic matter present in water forming DBPs. Chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloramines are the most common disinfectants used nowadays and each produces its own suite of chemical DBPs in finished drinking water (Richardson, 2003). DBPs so formed pose a threat to human health because of their potential to cause cancer and reproductive/developmental effects. Most developed nations have regulated concentration of DBPs so as to minimize exposure to potentially harmful DBPs while maintaining adequate disinfection and control of targeted
Drinking water is one of our basic needs in order to survive, therefore the water that we drink and cook with must be of a high quality, and filtered of any harmful contaminants.
Tap water goes through a certain safety procedure to make sure the water is safe to drink.
Three Medical Doctors wrote the book, The Water We Drink: Water Quality and Its Effects on Health. Their names are Joshua I. Barzilay, M.D., Winkler G. Weinberg, M.D., and J. William Eley, M.D. In order to put the issue of drinking water quality and its effects on health into perspective, the book is divided into three parts. It first reviews the history of water, disease, and sanitation. The next section deals with health issues. At the conclusion of the book are chapters regarding bottled water and methods of purification. The intent of the book is to educate consumers.
This water we use is then dirtied and sometimes ends up toxic which can cause a bad
Comment on class result with respect to differences in filter types, differences in filter assemblies, and overall on the confidence you would have in using this type of sterilisation process in preparation of pharmaceutical products. List the factors that may cause contamination during filtration. (20 marks)
The bacteria and wastewater is mixed in an aeration tank and therefore the contaminants are removed by action of sorption and series of breakdown by the bacteria.
I decided to experiment with pHs within the range pH 2 to pH7, as I
Phase one in process of waste water treatment begins in the home, local businesses and community. Waste water from these buildings and surrounding areas travel through a pipe, or sewer which is sloped downward, and with the assistance of gravity, travels toward the waste water treatment plant. However, in larger communities or communities with unevenly leveled terrain, waste water cannot keep getting deeper to rely on gravity to transport the waste water and must pumped up by the assistance of a lift station so it may continue to travel to the water treatment plant. Once the waste water arrives at the waste water treatment plant, the first step is the removal of large debris such as diapers, underwear or other non-biological...
The consumption of contaminated water can be dangerous for health reasons and several people have passed away from these water-borne diseases. Some of these diseases include Cholera, Typhoid, Dysentery, Giardiasis, and Malaria. These unfortunate diseases are currently the cause of numerous deaths, especially in small children. The availability of clean water can prevent many problems in low-income communities. The available resources for clean water are very rare, so these water sources need to pass through a process of water sanitation in order to just be sustainable to drink, “The world’s surface is made up of approximately 80% water, which is an indestructible substance.
Improvement and upgrading of wastewater treatment processes and also the need to reduce the environmental factors make the use of tertiary wastewater treatment important.
Water plays such an important role in our daily lives. 70% of our body is composed of water. 70% of the earth surface is also made up of water, but out of the 70%, only 1/3 of water is consumable. In fact, this amount has been continuously to decrease as more and more industries began to pollute and damage the water. For example, many toxic chemicals may be released into the water thus making the water impure. Such pollutions and damages lead the water to be contaminated and inconsumable as it may cause severe diseases. Water purification can remove all the unnecessary bacteria and viruses from the water that is hazardous for our health. Water purification may also improve the flavor and appearance of water. It removes the unpleasant odor. Therefore, water purification became one of the most useful and popular process used by people all over the world today. It is by far the most recommended and safest water treatment that is commonly used to purify damaged water into consumable water. Water purification provides us with safe, pure and clean water to consume and use.
Fresh water is a limited resource in many parts of the world. And this will become more dearth due to increasing in population, urbanization and climate change. The major fact for this paucity of fresh water is not only due to demand for water but also due to pollution in freshwater ecosystem. Due to the pollution created by human beings in this ecosystem, the usable water has decreased drastically and the cost of purifying the water has increased dramatically. The main sources of water pollution are point source and non point source. Point sources include pipeline discharge of pollutants such as domestic sewage discharge industrial waste effluents from factories or plants, to receiving waters. In contrast, non-point pollution results from storm runoff, which transports polluting materials diffusely over land.