Do you agree that Achebe shows an - awareness of the human qualities
common to all men of all times and places - or do you find the novel
only uniquely African and of its time?
Achebe’s style has been described as one of “remarkable economy and
subtle irony… uniquely and richly African .. revealing Achebe’s keen
awareness of the human qualities common to all men of all times and
places”. Do you agree that Achebe shows an “awareness of the human
qualities common to all men of all times and places” or do you find
the novel only uniquely African and of its time?
“Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe is a twentieth-century African
tragedy written about the destruction of the African Igbo tribe by
‘white men’ from the west. The novel focuses on Africa’s gradual
invasion by white Westerners and the effects of colonisation on
specific individuals and groups within the society. The novel has many
distinct African features that define the pre-colonial culture of the
Igbo tribe. The very beginning of the novel describes an African
festival, in which drums and flutes are being used whilst the
spectators look on in awe,
“The drums beat and the flutes sang and the spectators held their
breath.”
Achebe’s use of sensory language, such as the sounds of the
instruments, gives the audience a greater sense of shared experience
of what it was like to be part of the Igbo tribe. Achebe’s style of
writing throughout the novel allows the audience to imagine being in
the position of characters such as Okonkwo who had their common,
traditional beliefs and rituals gradually overridden by the
increasingly-dominant Western ideology.
Achebe uses simple language throughout the novel, particularly at the
beginning and this reflects the simplicity of the African oral
storytelling tradition. As most African stories were told in
traditional verbal ways by illiterate people, the language used tended
to be simple,
“Unoka went into an inner room and soon returned with a small wooden
disc containing a kola nut, some alligator pepper and a lump of white
chalk.”
Achebe uses this technique to provide some simple, vivid visual
imagery for the reader, while making them aware of traditional African
foods such as kola nuts. This type of sentence perfectly illustrates
Achebe’s intentions of making this novel ‘uniquely African’.
Henrickson suggests “Things Fall Apart uses language and structures …
that make its world seem familiar to Western readers; but questions
whether it really is familiar to us.” Henrickson believes that the
novel is there to provide an understanding of the African perspective
of colonisation; however, he does not argue that the novel is relevant
to us.
Chinua Achebe had a relation to these people in the fact that he had been brought up according to some of the Ibo traditions. His upbringing was multicultural.
The authors full name is, Albert Chinualumogu Achebe also known as Chinua, he was born on November 16, 1930 in Ogidi, Nigeria. He is a product of both native and European cultures. This has a great effect on the telling of the story. He attended Government College in Umuahia from 1944 to 1947 and University College in Ibadan from 1948 to 1953. He then received a B.A. from London University in 1953 and studied broadcasting at the British Broadcasting Corp. in London in 1956. He joined the Biafran Ministry of Information and represented Biafra as a diplomat. Since then, he has taught variously at the universities of Nigeria, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.
Achebe opens his lecture, "An Image of Africa," with the story of a student who sent him a letter saying how he was "particularly happy to learn about the customs and superstitions of an African tribe," not realizing that "the life of his own tribesmen in Yonkers, New York, is full of odd customs and superstitions" as well (1784). Western thou...
Achebe grew up in the Igbo-speaking region of Nigeria in the town of Ogidi where he proved himself to be an outstanding student always impressing the headmaster with his voracious reading habits and quick understanding of issues. The colonial experience of his youth had caused him to question the values of Europeans and to seek the source of his own deep foundations. No wonder he became interested in religion, African traditions, and the clash of cultures, the fact is that his family moved from the traditions to the new protestant faith. An avid reader and student this would cause Achebe to seek as much knowledge about religion and ethics as he could. At the University of Ibadan, at that time an associate college of the University of London, he excelled as a student and found many books that provoked his consciousness of culture. Working for the Nigerian Broadcasting Services brought him face-to-face with the reality of ordinary stories of Nigerians. Soon he would publish No Longer at Ease in l960, A Man of the People in l966, and then Anthills of the Savannah in l987. By the time of his later books he had already achieved fame as a novelist.
The story is set within the Ibo tribe of Umuofia, which is one of the nine villages that combine to make one large clan in Nigeria. These tribes are ones that hold courage, strength, tradition and customs extremely high. The theme of tradition is examined by
Chinua Achebe?s Things Fall Apart is a narrative story that follows the life of an African man called Okonkwo. The setting of the book is in eastern Nigeria, on the eve of British colonialism in Africa. The novel illustrates Okonkwo?s struggles, triumphs, and his eventual downfall, all of which basically coincide with the Igbo?s society?s struggle with the Christian religion and British government. In this essay I will give a biographical account of Okonwo, which will serve to help understand that social, political, and economic institutions of the Igbos.
Before the arrival of the Europeans, Achebe did a excellent job portraying how the life of Igbo was before they were forced to oppose their own culture. To support this theme, Achebe included detailed descriptions of social rituals within each family, the justice system, religious practices and consequences, preparation and indulgence of food, the marriage process and the distributing of power within the men. Achebe shows how every man has an opportunity to prove himself worthy to achieve a title on the highest level, based merely on his own efforts. One may argue that the novel was written with the main focus on the study of Okonkwo’s character and how he deteriorates, but without the theme that define the Igbo culture itself, we would never know the universe qualities of the society that shaped Okonkwo’s life. The lives of the Igbo people was no different to the actual lives of the Ibos people back in the early days of Africa. Just like in Things Fall Apart, in actual African tribes there was never a ruler. “Very interesting thing about these villages is that there is no single ruler or king that controls the population. Decisions are made by including almost everyone in the village” (AfricaGuide). Using the theme, Achebe educated readers on by mirroring real African life in her
Salamore, Frank. “The Depiction of Masculinity in Classic Nigerian Literature.” Bloom’s Modern Critical Interpretations: China Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. New ed. New York: Bloom's Literary Criticism, 2010. 141-52. Print.
It is important to note that Achebe was a product of both traditional Igbo society and the colonizing British culture. Therefore, the narrative is influenced by two strikingly opposed philosophies. The tragic hero, Okonkwo, may have been crafted to express, not only the Igbo philosophy of harmony, but the outsider interpretation of a seemingly paradoxical belief system. Achebe's representation of Okonkwo may symbolize the collision of these two conflicting philosophies.
The main focus in this novel is on one man, Okonkwo, the protagonist who symbolises the many Nigerians, or Africans who were struggling against the white missionaries, who brought their religion and policies and imposed them on Okonkwo’s and the other surrounding tribes. Achebe also shows how great the effect is when something as seemingly un-invasive, such as a church, is set up in a Nigerian or African Culture. Among other issues, A...
Well-acclaimed author, Chinua Achebe from Wes Africa, is recognized worldwide for his exquisite and intelligent usage of literary devices to bring to the limelight pertinent issues facing the African continent, more specifically Nigeria. He introduces the world to his main character Obi Okonkwo whom; through his eyes, a glimpse is given into the world of a Nigerian .In Things Fall Apart, his first of three novels, Okonkwo, upon his arrival from England is completely detached from his African heritage. From the novel, it is noticed that Obi Okonkwo slowly becomes a part of a dominant class whose corruption he finds repugnant. In an effort to choose between the acceptance of traditional values and the pleasures of a fast changing world, Obi finds himself in a tight fix .He is faced with growing pressures from the expectations of his family, his community, and the larger society around him. With unprecedented lucidity and a growing passion, Chinua Achebe’s No Longer at Ease remains till date a brilliant account of the challenges facing Nigeria today. This paper seeks to examine the representation of the colonial experiences of Obi Okonkwo in the fiction of Chinua Achebe.
Nnolim, Charles E. "Achebe's Things Fall Apart: An Igbo National Epic" Modern Black Literature. ed. Okechukwu Mezu New York: Black Academy Press, 1971, 55-60.
Throughout Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, struggle between change and tradition is one of the most relevant issues. The Igbo villagers, Okonkwo, and his son Nwoye all experience this problem in many different ways. The villagers have their religion defied, Okonkwo reaches his breaking point and Nwoye finally finds what he believes in. People have struggled to identify and cope with change and tradition throughout history, and will continue to struggle with this issue in the
All ancient traditional customs are destroyed, new customs are forced upon the Igbo people, and every individual will be effected and whether it 's in a positive or negative way depends on your willingness to adapt to cultural changes in your environment. Through the migration of two distinct cultures, Chinua Achebe teaches us that there must be some middle ground between two opposites where they can exist, and excel, as equals. This lesson can be applied in our society today as Achebe explains that there is a balance between two differences, whether it be in literal context of the novel indicating a balance between what we believe and what another culture teaches, or a metaphorical balance between two opposites such as race, gender, economic class etc. Never the less, until we are able to accept our weakness, and treat one another as equals we will all end up like
Gikandi, Simon. "Chinua Achebe and the Invention of African Literature." Classics in Context: Things Fall Apart. Chinua Achebe. Portsmouth: Heinemann Educational Publishers, 1996