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the strength and weakness of the New Deal programme
the strength and weakness of the New Deal programme
united states role in ww2
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When President Franklin Delano Roosevelt assumed the Presidency on March 4, 1933, he gained leadership of a deeply isolationist country struggling to survive a depression and yearning for change. When Roosevelt died twelve years and one month later, he had lifted the United States to world power status, provided recovery from economic depression, incorporated rhetoric as a means to reach the masses, and expanded the powers of the Presidency. In short, FDR had created the Modern Presidency. Through his New Deal Programs, his ability to increase the United States’ worldwide influence, his Fireside Chats, and his expansion of Presidential powers, Roosevelt became the first Modern President and established the precedent all future presidents were to follow.
In order to understand Franklin Roosevelt as the first modern President, it is crucial to examine how the “modern” presidency differed from past presidencies. Renka asserts that the modern presidency’s power comes from four features: “the rise of the United States to world power status, rise of the central government within the American federal system, creation of a modern electronic communication networks enabling the rhetorical presidency to expand, and the creation of a modern administrative apparatus for the president and the White House” (The Modern Presidency from Roosevelt through George W. Bush). Each of these came about under the “entrepreneurial leadership” of Roosevelt (Greenstein 3).
Roosevelt paved the United States’ path from isolation to power. When World War II broke out in Europe, the country was largely isolationist. “Isolationist rhetoric reflected real public sentiment, as Roosevelt knew” (Renka, The Modern Presidency…). Roosevelt, however, seemed a step ahead of the nation. He stood firmly against Hitler and strove to align the United States with Western democracies and to strengthen the military (Greenstein 20). In 1938, Roosevelt’s foreign policy speeches began to reveal an obvious swing away from isolationism (Renka, Roosevelt’s Expansion of the Presidency). When Churchill reported in 1940 that the United Kingdom could no longer afford to pay for American weapons, Roosevelt used this opportunity to increase the United States’ influence in European affairs and lean his country slightly away from isolationism. Knowing Congress would oppose a loan to the United Kingdom, he created an entirely new program he called “lend-lease” (Greenstein 20).
Theodore Roosevelt stepped into head of office on September 19, 1901 when President William McKinley was assassinated. He was the youngest man to become president. His motto was “speak softly but carry a big stick.” President Roosevelt would come into power offering America the square deal. He would take the power away from the industrialists as he controlled big business from the White House. He would soon become known as a TrustBuster. Roosevelt used American power for American interests and was quoted as saying, “I am an American first and last. “ Although some historians argue that Roosevelt acted like a six-year-old throughout his presidency and that he didn’t think things through, ie “he thought with his hips”, one can admire the tremendous leadership qualities that Teddy Roosevelt had. First, he was a very bold man who graduated magna cum laude from Harvard. The average citizen was aware of what a “positive, warm and tough, authoritative and funny” president that they had leading them. His leadership qualities stemmed from his time as a New York state Assembly man, a deputy sheriff, a ...
The 1940 elections showed that both the Republicans and Democrats supported building up strong the navy and air forces as means of upholding the 1823 Monroe Doctrine, which stated that any European colonization of North or South America would be considered an act of aggression (Document E). Although neither American party was in full favor of the involvement in the war at this time, both advocated military defense so that America would not be completely helpless in a potential international conflict. The build-up of the military for defensive shows how the US slowly moved away from an isolationist approach to foreign affairs. Roosevelt also contributed to pulling America out of isolationism by consenting to the 1940 Destroyer Deal, which promised to give Great Britain 50 destroyer vessels in exchange for British bases in North America. This, however, was done without permission from Congress (Source F). It showed America’s shifting perspective on the war. Although America was not officially in the war, its actions seemed to indicate an indirect retaliation against the Axis powers by militarily supporting the Allies. Not only was the United States building up its defense to be better prepared in case it did have to go to war, but, in addition to other policies that provided aid to Allies, such as the 1939 Cash and Carry Policy and the 1941
Assuming the Presidency at the depth of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt helped the American people regain faith in themselves. He brought hope as he promised prompt, vigorous action, and asserted in his Inaugural Address, "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself." Despite an attack of poliomyelitis, which paralyzed his legs in 1921, he was a charismatic optimist whose confidence helped sustain the American people during the strains of economic crisis and world war.
In 1901 Vice President Theodore Roosevelt took over as President after William McKinley was assassinated. The country had many opportunities ahead but was in need of some changes that the American people were all too ready for. Roosevelt was brought up in a well to do family and had was Harvard educated. But he was known to be a down to earth man that understood the needs of the people. His first priority as president was to give the people a “square deal” which encompassed his plan for the era. He wanted to reduce control the big businesses had over the U.S. economy and the workers, create more protection for the consumer, and create a plan to conserve our natural resources.
Theodore Roosevelt’s legacy as a great president, lives on today through his policies. The Panama Canal now saves ships thousands of miles, and National Parks inspire people to conserve the resources of this earth. His social justice policies keep businesses honest and force them to be fair. But like all humans he had flaws. One of his major weaknesses was he thought anyone who did not agree with him was un-American, and during World War One was suspicious of German Americans. While on state Legislature, he tried to fire a judge based on corruption because he reached a verdict Roosevelt did not agree with. But Roosevelt’s great intelligence, strength, and curiosity outweighed his flaws, and it is not surprise he is considered as one of America’s greatest presidents.
World War II was an exceptional war for the United States. The United States emerged from the war as a world superpower and protector of all other nations. There were many reasons why the United States entered World War II, however President Franklin Roosevelt was in some way directly connected to every reason. Roosevelt wanted to enter World War II as soon as it started for political and economic needs. However, the American people did not want to enter in another war, such as World War I, that costs so many lives and money. Therefore, Roosevelt schemed a plan to enter the United States into World War II that would change the minds of the American people, including the direct aiding of Great Britain, the German bombing of a United States warship, and the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.
President Franklin D. Roosevelt faced one of the biggest challenges ever when he was first inaugurated March 4, 1933. This was right in the hart of the depression. F.D.R. came up with the new deal to try and pull our country out of the depression. After his first new deal F.D.R. came up with the second new deal and 11 other plains of making the American people pull out of debt.
In 1938, FDR 'set out to align the United States with the Western democracies, embarking on a sustained effort to educate his nation to his views and build up its military capacity' (Greenstein 20). This creation of the United States as a world power helped boost the need for a more modernized presidency. As a result of establishing the presence of the United States, FDR was called upon to aid Britain during Germany's invasion. Because of FDR's charismatic ways, the 'lend-lease bill' was created under the explanation of lending your neighbor your garden house if his home caught on fire. FDR said as long as the neighbor later returns it; everything is the same as it was before (Greenstein 20). By using simple analogies and drawing upon public support, FDR succeeded in basically giving Britain weapons to use free of charge. This action also helped establish an alliance with Britain for the future. Though FDR did not realize it at the time, building up the military to establish the United States as a world power, would later lead to the realization of the United States as a superpower.
In the early 1930’s, America was facing an enormous depression that seemed impossible to escape and never ending. When FDR was elected, he was able to save the country with his positive thoughts and brilliant ideas. Not only was he capable of almost bringing the nation completely out of the Great Depression and rebuilding the economy, but was also able to lead the United States through a complex war such as World War Two. If Roosevelt’s intelligence were not present, not only the United States, but the entire world could have ended up differently. Without a doubt, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was one of the greatest president to ever be elected.
This article analyzes Roosevelt’s world-views and personal beliefs. Engel gives insight into Roosevelt’s philosophy for the roles played in the international arena, especially the role played by the United States. This look into Roosevelt’s philosophies will help explain his reasons for taking a stance against corruption in big business and the government.
After Theodore Roosevelt was elected as president in the election of 1904, TR immediately brought new excitement into the office. Theodore Roosevelt was ultimately known for his progressive reforms and his foreign policies; he adopted the idea that foreign policy is a main priority and that shifts and changes in industry and foreign trade will lead to social and political changes within the nation. With this idea, it is significant to understand that T. Roosevelt believed that if American citizens abuse focus on our industry, the nation and government will collapse and will not be benefitting in terms of welfare and foreign relations. He expresses this idea when he states, “tremendous changes wrought by the extraordinary industrial development of the last half century are felt in every fiber of our social and political being (T. Roosevelt, 1905). This idea that foreign policy is somewhat more important than domestic policies is very different when compared to president Franklin Delano Roosevelt. FDR is known to believe that foreign policies should come after domestic growth, and that Americans cannot progress and become better in foreign policies when citizens are still struggling with themselves domestically. Unlike Theodore Roosevelt, FDR believes that if necessary, the United States should go to war in order to protect themselves and their ground. Theodore Roosevelt had the idea that war was unnecessary and believed in peace, so this idea was very different from that of his family. In his Inaugural Address, FDR states, “I shall ask Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis -- broad Executive power to wage a war against the emergency,...” (F.D. Roosevelt, 1933). With the idea that war
The modern presidency reached its initial fulfillment during the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt. Under the stimulus of the New Deal, World War II, and the entrepreneurial leadership of Franklin Roosevelt, there was a huge expans...
Throughout history, America has had a plethora of leaders. A handful of these leaders have found a place in the heart of many Americans. Franklin D. Roosevelt, commonly referred to as FDR, is without a doubt one of these leaders. FDR made new laws, put forth many ideas, and raised the public’s morale before, during, and after WWII. He affected America in such a way that he brought us out of the slum of Great Depression. Even though Franklin D. Roosevelt put America in debt, his new deal policy gave millions of Americans jobs, stimulated the economy, raised public moral, and introduced new big government tactics. He was truly the people’s president.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was the 32nd president in office, preceding Herbert Hoover in 1932, unfortunately the same year the entirety of the United States would undergo the worst economic crisis in its history, but that didn’t stop FDR from making the nation his canvas, and making the best outcome that he could out of a calamitous situation, being the persistent, optimistic leader he was he made it his priority to restore and renew american independence and nationalism, during the years he called the shots for the country.
In the midst of the Great Depression, the American people elected Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Whether the people were voting for Roosevelt or against President Herbert Hoover, the outcome of the 1932 Presidential Election would dramatically change the American presidency. The presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt represents a fundamental and permanent change to the American presidency, the Roosevelt administration symbolizes the creation of the modern presidency. As opposed to the pre-modern presidency, the modern presidency is considerably more powerful and prominent in both domestic and international spheres.